Libevent使用样例，从简单到复杂

        转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/luotuo44/article/details/39670221

本文从简单到复杂。展示怎样使用libevent。网上的很多样例都是仅仅有server端的，本文里面client和server端都有，以飨读者。

关于libevent编程时的一些疑问能够阅读《libevent编程疑难解答》。假如读者还想了解libevent的详细实现，能够阅读《libevent源代码分析》系统文章。

不说这么多了。直接上代码。

初等：

client代码：

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<unistd.h>

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

#include<event.h>
#include<event2/util.h>

int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port);

void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg);

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    if( argc < 3 )
    {
        printf("please input 2 parameter\n");
        return -1;
    }

    //两个參数依次是服务器端的IP地址、端口号
    int sockfd = tcp_connect_server(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
    if( sockfd == -1)
    {
        perror("tcp_connect error ");
        return -1;
    }

    printf("connect to server successful\n");

    struct event_base* base = event_base_new();

    struct event *ev_sockfd = event_new(base, sockfd,
                                        EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
                                        socket_read_cb, NULL);
    event_add(ev_sockfd, NULL);

    //监听终端输入事件
    struct event* ev_cmd = event_new(base, STDIN_FILENO,
                                      EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, cmd_msg_cb,
                                      (void*)&sockfd);

    event_add(ev_cmd, NULL);

    event_base_dispatch(base);

    printf("finished \n");
    return 0;
}

void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
{
    char msg[1024];

    int ret = read(fd, msg, sizeof(msg));
    if( ret <= 0 )
    {
        perror("read fail ");
        exit(1);
    }

    int sockfd = *((int*)arg);

    //把终端的消息发送给服务器端
    //为了简单起见。不考虑写一半数据的情况
    write(sockfd, msg, ret);
}

void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg)
{
    char msg[1024];

    //为了简单起见，不考虑读一半数据的情况
    int len = read(fd, msg, sizeof(msg)-1);
    if( len <= 0 )
    {
        perror("read fail ");
        exit(1);
    }

    msg[len] = '\0';

    printf("recv %s from server\n", msg);
}

typedef struct sockaddr SA;
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port)
{
    int sockfd, status, save_errno;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;

    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr) );

    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
    status = inet_aton(server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);

    if( status == 0 ) //the server_ip is not valid value
    {
        errno = EINVAL;
        return -1;
    }

    sockfd = ::socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if( sockfd == -1 )
        return sockfd;

    status = ::connect(sockfd, (SA*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr) );

    if( status == -1 )
    {
        save_errno = errno;
        ::close(sockfd);
        errno = save_errno; //the close may be error
        return -1;
    }

    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);

    return sockfd;
}

server端代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>

#include<unistd.h>
#include<event.h>

void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg);

int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num);

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{

    int listener = tcp_server_init(9999, 10);
    if( listener == -1 )
    {
        perror(" tcp_server_init error ");
        return -1;
    }

    struct event_base* base = event_base_new();

    //加入监听客户端请求连接事件
    struct event* ev_listen = event_new(base, listener, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
                                        accept_cb, base);
    event_add(ev_listen, NULL);

    event_base_dispatch(base);

    return 0;
}

void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
{
    evutil_socket_t sockfd;

    struct sockaddr_in client;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(client);

    sockfd = ::accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len );
    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);

    printf("accept a client %d\n", sockfd);

    struct event_base* base = (event_base*)arg;

    //不过为了动态创建一个event结构体
    struct event *ev = event_new(NULL, -1, 0, NULL, NULL);
    //将动态创建的结构体作为event的回调參数
    event_assign(ev, base, sockfd, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
                 socket_read_cb, (void*)ev);

    event_add(ev, NULL);
}

void socket_read_cb(int fd, short events, void *arg)
{
    char msg[4096];
    struct event *ev = (struct event*)arg;
    int len = read(fd, msg, sizeof(msg) - 1);

    if( len <= 0 )
    {
        printf("some error happen when read\n");
        event_free(ev);
        close(fd);
        return ;
    }

    msg[len] = '\0';
    printf("recv the client msg: %s", msg);

    char reply_msg[4096] = "I have recvieced the msg: ";
    strcat(reply_msg + strlen(reply_msg), msg);

    write(fd, reply_msg, strlen(reply_msg) );
}

typedef struct sockaddr SA;
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num)
{
    int errno_save;
    evutil_socket_t listener;

    listener = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if( listener == -1 )
        return -1;

    //同意多次绑定同一个地址。

要用在socket和bind之间
    evutil_make_listen_socket_reuseable(listener);

    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
    sin.sin_port = htons(port);

    if( ::bind(listener, (SA*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0 )
        goto error;

    if( ::listen(listener, listen_num) < 0)
        goto error;

    //跨平台统一接口。将套接字设置为非堵塞状态
    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(listener);

    return listener;

    error:
        errno_save = errno;
        evutil_closesocket(listener);
        errno = errno_save;

        return -1;
}

中等：

client代码：

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<unistd.h>

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

#include<event.h>
#include<event2/bufferevent.h>
#include<event2/buffer.h>
#include<event2/util.h>

int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port);

void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg);
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg);

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    if( argc < 3 )
    {
        printf("please input 2 parameter\n");
        return -1;
    }

    //两个參数依次是服务器端的IP地址、端口号
    int sockfd = tcp_connect_server(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
    if( sockfd == -1)
    {
        perror("tcp_connect error ");
        return -1;
    }

    printf("connect to server successful\n");

    struct event_base* base = event_base_new();

    struct bufferevent* bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, sockfd,
                                                     BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);

    //监听终端输入事件
    struct event* ev_cmd = event_new(base, STDIN_FILENO,
                                      EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, cmd_msg_cb,
                                      (void*)bev);
    event_add(ev_cmd, NULL);

    //当socket关闭时会用到回调參数
    bufferevent_setcb(bev, server_msg_cb, NULL, event_cb, (void*)ev_cmd);
    bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);

    event_base_dispatch(base);

    printf("finished \n");
    return 0;
}

void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
{
    char msg[1024];

    int ret = read(fd, msg, sizeof(msg));
    if( ret < 0 )
    {
        perror("read fail ");
        exit(1);
    }

    struct bufferevent* bev = (struct bufferevent*)arg;

    //把终端的消息发送给服务器端
    bufferevent_write(bev, msg, ret);
}

void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg)
{
    char msg[1024];

    size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg, sizeof(msg));
    msg[len] = '\0';

    printf("recv %s from server\n", msg);
}

void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg)
{

    if (event & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
        printf("connection closed\n");
    else if (event & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
        printf("some other error\n");

    //这将自己主动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
    bufferevent_free(bev);

    struct event *ev = (struct event*)arg;
    //由于socket已经没有，所以这个event也没有存在的必要了
    event_free(ev);
}

typedef struct sockaddr SA;
int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port)
{
    int sockfd, status, save_errno;
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;

    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr) );

    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
    status = inet_aton(server_ip, &server_addr.sin_addr);

    if( status == 0 ) //the server_ip is not valid value
    {
        errno = EINVAL;
        return -1;
    }

    sockfd = ::socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if( sockfd == -1 )
        return sockfd;

    status = ::connect(sockfd, (SA*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr) );

    if( status == -1 )
    {
        save_errno = errno;
        ::close(sockfd);
        errno = save_errno; //the close may be error
        return -1;
    }

    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);

    return sockfd;
}

server端代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<errno.h>

#include<event.h>
#include<event2/bufferevent.h>

void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
void socket_read_cb(bufferevent* bev, void* arg);
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg);
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num);

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{

    int listener = tcp_server_init(9999, 10);
    if( listener == -1 )
    {
        perror(" tcp_server_init error ");
        return -1;
    }

    struct event_base* base = event_base_new();

    //加入监听客户端请求连接事件
    struct event* ev_listen = event_new(base, listener, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
                                        accept_cb, base);
    event_add(ev_listen, NULL);

    event_base_dispatch(base);
    event_base_free(base);

    return 0;
}

void accept_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
{
    evutil_socket_t sockfd;

    struct sockaddr_in client;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(client);

    sockfd = ::accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len );
    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sockfd);

    printf("accept a client %d\n", sockfd);

    struct event_base* base = (event_base*)arg;

    bufferevent* bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, sockfd, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
    bufferevent_setcb(bev, socket_read_cb, NULL, event_cb, arg);

    bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);
}

void socket_read_cb(bufferevent* bev, void* arg)
{
    char msg[4096];

    size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg, sizeof(msg));

    msg[len] = '\0';
    printf("recv the client msg: %s", msg);

    char reply_msg[4096] = "I have recvieced the msg: ";

    strcat(reply_msg + strlen(reply_msg), msg);
    bufferevent_write(bev, reply_msg, strlen(reply_msg));
}

void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg)
{

    if (event & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
        printf("connection closed\n");
    else if (event & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
        printf("some other error\n");

    //这将自己主动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
    bufferevent_free(bev);
}

typedef struct sockaddr SA;
int tcp_server_init(int port, int listen_num)
{
    int errno_save;
    evutil_socket_t listener;

    listener = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if( listener == -1 )
        return -1;

    //同意多次绑定同一个地址。

要用在socket和bind之间
    evutil_make_listen_socket_reuseable(listener);

    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
    sin.sin_port = htons(port);

    if( ::bind(listener, (SA*)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0 )
        goto error;

    if( ::listen(listener, listen_num) < 0)
        goto error;

    //跨平台统一接口，将套接字设置为非堵塞状态
    evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(listener);

    return listener;

    error:
        errno_save = errno;
        evutil_closesocket(listener);
        errno = errno_save;

        return -1;
}

高等：

client代码：

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<unistd.h>

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

#include<event.h>
#include<event2/bufferevent.h>
#include<event2/buffer.h>
#include<event2/util.h>

int tcp_connect_server(const char* server_ip, int port);

void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg);
void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg);
void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg);

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    if( argc < 3 )
    {
        //两个參数依次是服务器端的IP地址、端口号
        printf("please input 2 parameter\n");
        return -1;
    }

    struct event_base *base = event_base_new();

    struct bufferevent* bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, -1,
                                                     BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);

    //监听终端输入事件
    struct event* ev_cmd = event_new(base, STDIN_FILENO,
                                     EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
                                     cmd_msg_cb, (void*)bev);

    event_add(ev_cmd, NULL);

    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;

    memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr) );

    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    inet_aton(argv[1], &server_addr.sin_addr);

    bufferevent_socket_connect(bev, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr,
                               sizeof(server_addr));

    bufferevent_setcb(bev, server_msg_cb, NULL, event_cb, (void*)ev_cmd);
    bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);

    event_base_dispatch(base);

    printf("finished \n");
    return 0;
}

void cmd_msg_cb(int fd, short events, void* arg)
{
    char msg[1024];

    int ret = read(fd, msg, sizeof(msg));
    if( ret < 0 )
    {
        perror("read fail ");
        exit(1);
    }

    struct bufferevent* bev = (struct bufferevent*)arg;

    //把终端的消息发送给服务器端
    bufferevent_write(bev, msg, ret);
}

void server_msg_cb(struct bufferevent* bev, void* arg)
{
    char msg[1024];

    size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg, sizeof(msg));
    msg[len] = '\0';

    printf("recv %s from server\n", msg);
}

void event_cb(struct bufferevent *bev, short event, void *arg)
{

    if (event & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
        printf("connection closed\n");
    else if (event & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
        printf("some other error\n");
    else if( event & BEV_EVENT_CONNECTED)
    {
        printf("the client has connected to server\n");
        return ;
    }

    //这将自己主动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
    bufferevent_free(bev);

    struct event *ev = (struct event*)arg;
    event_free(ev);
}

server端代码：

#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<unistd.h>  

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>  

#include<event.h>
#include<listener.h>
#include<bufferevent.h>
#include<thread.h>  

void listener_cb(evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
                 struct sockaddr *sock, int socklen, void *arg);  

void socket_read_cb(bufferevent *bev, void *arg);
void socket_event_cb(bufferevent *bev, short events, void *arg);  

int main()
{
    //evthread_use_pthreads();//enable threads  

    struct sockaddr_in sin;
    memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(9999);  

    event_base *base = event_base_new();
    evconnlistener *listener
            = evconnlistener_new_bind(base, listener_cb, base,
                                      LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE|LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE,
                                      10, (struct sockaddr*)&sin,
                                      sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));  

    event_base_dispatch(base);  

    evconnlistener_free(listener);
    event_base_free(base);  

    return 0;
}  

//一个新client连接上服务器了
//当此函数被调用时，libevent已经帮我们accept了这个client。该client的
//文件描写叙述符为fd
void listener_cb(evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
                 struct sockaddr *sock, int socklen, void *arg)
{
    printf("accept a client %d\n", fd);  

    event_base *base = (event_base*)arg;  

    //为这个client分配一个bufferevent
    bufferevent *bev =  bufferevent_socket_new(base, fd,
                                               BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);  

    bufferevent_setcb(bev, socket_read_cb, NULL, socket_event_cb, NULL);
    bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST);
}  

void socket_read_cb(bufferevent *bev, void *arg)
{
    char msg[4096];  

    size_t len = bufferevent_read(bev, msg, sizeof(msg)-1 );  

    msg[len] = '\0';
    printf("server read the data %s\n", msg);  

    char reply[] = "I has read your data";
    bufferevent_write(bev, reply, strlen(reply) );
}  

void socket_event_cb(bufferevent *bev, short events, void *arg)
{
    if (events & BEV_EVENT_EOF)
        printf("connection closed\n");
    else if (events & BEV_EVENT_ERROR)
        printf("some other error\n");  

    //这将自己主动close套接字和free读写缓冲区
    bufferevent_free(bev);
}