JAVA单链表的实现-不带头结点但带有尾指针

时间:2022-06-22 03:21:47

1,本程序实现了线性表的链式存储结构。实现的链表带有两个指针,一个始终指向链表中的第一个结点,另一个指针始终指向链表中的最后一个结点。

之所以设置尾指针,是因为,在插入元素到链表中的末尾时,可以通过尾指针直接找到链表的最后一个元素,从而不需要遍历链表就可以完成插入操作。

2,具体实现链表的类名为LList2.java,它首先实现了线性表的接口ListInterface,该接口的定义见:http://www.cnblogs.com/hapjin/p/4549492.html

LList2.java的代码 如下:

public class LList2<T> implements ListInterface<T>{

    private Node firstNode;//指向第一个结点的指针,该链表是不带头结点的单链表
private Node lastNode;//尾指针,指向链表中的最后一个结点
private int length;//表示单链表的长度 //Node类中不需要定义访问属性的get方法以及set方法,因为Node是内部类,内部类的属性可以直接在外部类中被访问
class Node{
//Node是内部类,其外部类中已经定义了T,故可以在这里使用通配符T
private T data;//结点的数据部分
private Node next;//结点的指针部分,指向下一个结点
//Node类中不需要默认构造器
public Node(T dataPortion){
data = dataPortion;
}
public Node(T dataPortion, Node nextNode){
data = dataPortion;
next = nextNode;
}
} public LList2(){
clear();
}
//获取链表中指定位置处的结点
private Node getNodeAt(int givenPosition){
assert (!isEmpty() && ((1 <= givenPosition) && (givenPosition <= length)));
Node currentNode = firstNode;
for(int counter = 1; counter < givenPosition; counter++){
currentNode = currentNode.next;
}
assert currentNode != null;
return currentNode;
} @Override
public boolean add(T newEntry) {
Node newNode = new Node(newEntry);
if(isEmpty()){//插入第一个结点
firstNode = newNode;
}
else{//在其它位置插入结点
lastNode.next = newNode;
}
lastNode = newNode;
length++;
return true;
} @Override
public boolean add(int givenPosition, T newEntry){//在指定位置处插入结点
boolean isSuccessful = true;
if(givenPosition >= 1 && givenPosition <= length + 1){
Node newNode = new Node(newEntry);
if(isEmpty()){//表空为,插入某个元素
firstNode = newNode;
lastNode = newNode;
}
else if(givenPosition == 1){//表不空时,在第一个位置处插入元素
newNode.next = firstNode;
firstNode = newNode;
}
else if(givenPosition == length + 1){//表不空时,在最后一个位置处插入元素
lastNode.next = newNode;
lastNode = newNode;
}
else{//在其它位置插入结点
Node nodeBefore = getNodeAt(givenPosition - 1);
Node nodeAfter = nodeBefore.next;
nodeBefore.next = newNode;
newNode.next = nodeAfter;
}
length++;
}
else
isSuccessful = false;
return isSuccessful;
} @Override
public final void clear() {//clear()在构造器中被调用了,所以此外用final修饰符
firstNode = null;
lastNode = null;
length = 0;
} @Override
public T remove(int givenPosition) {//删除指定位置处的结点
T result = null;
if((!isEmpty()) && ((givenPosition >= 1) && (givenPosition <= length))){
if(givenPosition == 1){//删除第一个位置处的结点
result = firstNode.data;
firstNode = firstNode.next;
if(length == 1)//链表中只有一个元素时,删除之后,尾指针为空
lastNode = null;
}
else//删除表中其它位置结点
{
Node nodeBefore = getNodeAt(givenPosition - 1);
Node nodeToRemove = nodeBefore.next;
Node nodeAfter = nodeToRemove.next;
nodeBefore.next = nodeAfter;
result = nodeToRemove.data; if(givenPosition == length)//当删除最后一个元素后,尾指针应指向其前一个元素
lastNode = nodeBefore;
}
length--;
}
return result;
} @Override
public boolean replace(int givenPosition, T newEntry) {//替换指定位置处结点的值
boolean isSuccessful = true;
if((!isEmpty()) && ((givenPosition >= 1) && (givenPosition <= length))){
Node desireNode = getNodeAt(givenPosition);
desireNode.data = newEntry;
}
else
isSuccessful = false;
return isSuccessful;
} @Override
public T getEntry(int givenPosition) {//获取指定位置的结点的值
T result = null;
if((!isEmpty()) && ((givenPosition >= 1) && (givenPosition <= length))){
result = getNodeAt(givenPosition).data;
}
return result;
} @Override
public boolean contains(T anEntry) {//判断链表中的结点是否包含某个值
boolean found = false;
Node currentNode = firstNode;
while(!found && currentNode != null){
if(currentNode.data.equals(anEntry)){
found = true;
break;
}
currentNode = currentNode.next;
}
return found;
} @Override
public int getLength() {//获取链表的长度
return length;
} @Override
public boolean isEmpty() {//判断链表是否为空
boolean result;
if(length == 0){
assert firstNode == null;
result = true;
}
else{
assert firstNode != null;
result = false;
}
return result;
} @Override
public void display() {//遍历链表,显示链表中的每个结点的值
Node currentNode = firstNode;
while(currentNode != null){
System.out.println(currentNode.data);
currentNode = currentNode.next;
}
}
}