如何使用ajax从这里调用的php文件“读取”响应?

I am very new to ajax and jquery, but I came across a code on the web which I am manipulating to suit my needs.

我对ajax和jquery非常陌生，但是我在web上遇到了一个代码，我正在处理它以满足我的需要。

The only problem is that I want to be able to respond to the ajax from PHP.

唯一的问题是我希望能够从PHP响应ajax。

This ajax POSTS to a php page (email.php).

此ajax将发布到php页面(email.php)。

How can I make the email.php reply back if the message is sent or if message-limit is exceeded (I limit the nr of messages sent per each user)?

我怎么写这封邮件?如果消息被发送或消息限制被超过(我限制每个用户发送的消息的nr)， php将返回?

In other words, I want ajax to take a 1 or 0 from the php code, and for example:

换句话说，我希望ajax从php代码中提取1或0，例如:

  if(response==1){ alert("message sent"); } else { alert("Limit exceeded"); }

Here is the last part of the code: (If you need the full code just let me know)

下面是代码的最后一部分:(如果您需要完整的代码，请告诉我)

var data_string = $('form#ajax_form').serialize();

$.ajax({
    type:       "POST",
    url:        "email.php",
    data:       data_string,
    success:    function() {

    $('form#ajax_form').slideUp('slow').before('');
    $('#success').html('<h3>Success</h3>Your email is has been sent.');
    }//end success function
}) //end ajax call

 return false;

 })

Thanks

谢谢

6 个解决方案

#1

You must pass an argument to your "success" function.

你必须向你的“成功”函数传递一个参数。

success: function(data)
{
    if(data == '1')
    {
        $('form#ajax_form').slideUp('slow').before('');
        $('#success').html('<h3>Success</h3>Your email is has been sent.');
    }
}

And in your php file, you should just echo the response you need

在php文件中，应该只响应需要的响应。

if(mail())
{
    echo '1';
}
else
{
    echo '0';
}

#2

The success function of an $.ajax call receives a parameter, usually called data though that's up to you, containing the response, so:

$的成功函数。ajax调用接收一个参数，通常称为data，但这取决于您，其中包含响应，因此:

success: function(data) {
    // Use the data
}

(It also receives a couple of other parameters if you want them; more in the docs.)

(如果你需要，它还会接收一些其他参数;更多的文档)。

The data parameter's type will vary depending on the content type of the response your PHP page sends. If it sends HTML, data will be a string containing the HTML markup; if your page sends JSON, the data parameter will be the decoded JSON object; if it's XML, data will be an XML document instance.

数据参数的类型取决于PHP页面发送的响应的内容类型。如果它发送HTML，数据将是一个包含HTML标记的字符串;如果您的页面发送JSON，数据参数将是解码后的JSON对象;如果是XML，数据就是XML文档实例。

You can use 1 or 0 if you like (if you do, I'd probably set the content type to "text/plain"), so:

如果您愿意，可以使用1或0(如果您愿意，我可能会将内容类型设置为“text/plain”)，因此:

success: function(data) {
    if (data === "1") {
        // success
    }
    else if (data === "0") {
        // failure
    }
    else {
        // App error, expected "0" or "1"
    }
 }

...but when I'm responding to Ajax requests, nine times out of ten I send JSON back (so I set the Content-Type header to application/json), because then if I'm using a library like jQuery that understands JSON, I'll get back a nice orderly object that's easy to work with. I'm not a PHP guy, but I believe you'd set the content type via setContentType and use json_encode to encode the data to send back.

…但是，当我响应Ajax请求时，十有八九我会发送JSON回来(因此我将Content-Type header设置为application/ JSON)，因为如果我使用像jQuery这样理解JSON的库，我将得到一个很好的有序对象，很容易处理。我不是一个PHP人，但我相信您已经通过setContentType设置了内容类型，并使用json_encode对要发送回来的数据进行编码。

In your case, I'd probably reply with:

就你而言，我可能会回答:

{"success": "true"}

或

{"success": "false", "errMessage": "You reached the limit."}

so that the server-side code can dictate what error message I show the user. Then your success function would look like this:

这样服务器端代码就可以指定我向用户显示的错误消息。那么你的成功函数会是这样的:

success: function(data) {
    var msg;

    if (typeof data !== "object") {
        // Strange, we should have gotten back an object
        msg = "Application error";
    }
    else if (!data.success) {
        // `success` is false or missing, grab the error message
        // or a fallback if it's missing
        msg = data.errMessage || "Request failed, no error given";
    }
    if (msg) {
        // Show the message -- you can use `alert` or whatever
    }
}

#3

Anything you echo or return in the php file will be sent back to you jquery post. You should check out this page http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.post/ and think about using JSON formatted variables to return so like if you had this in your email script:

您在php文件中回显或返回的任何内容都将被发送回jquery post。您应该查看这个页面http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.post/，并考虑使用JSON格式的变量返回，比如如果您的电子邮件脚本中有这个:

echo '{ "reposonse": "1" }';

echo '{"reposonse": "1"};

This pass a variable called response with a value of 1 back to you jquery script. You could then use an if statement how you described.

这将传递一个名为response的变量，其值为1，返回到jquery脚本。然后可以使用if语句描述。

#4

just have email.php echo a 0 or 1, and then grab the data in the success event of the ajax object as follows...

只有电子邮件。php回显0或1，然后在ajax对象的成功事件中获取数据，如下所示……

$.ajax({
  url: 'email.php',
  success: function(data) {
    if (data=="1"){
        ...
    }else{
        ...
    }
  }
});

#5

what you do is, you let your ajax file (email.php) print a 1 if successful and a 0 if not (or whatever else you want)

您要做的是，让ajax文件(email.php)打印1(如果成功)，打印0(如果不成功)

Then, in your success function, you do something like this:

然后，在你的成功函数中，你可以这样做:

function(data) {

函数(数据){

$('form#ajax_form').slideUp('slow').before('');
if(data==1){ alert("message sent"); } else { alert("Limit exceeded"); }
$('#success').html('<h3>Success</h3>Your email is has been sent.');
}

So you capture the response in the data var of the function. If you a bigger variety in your output, you can set you dataType to "json" and have your php file print a json_encoded string so that you can access your different variables in your response via for example data.success etc.

你可以在函数的数据var中获取响应。如果在输出中有更大的变化，可以将数据类型设置为“json”，并让php文件打印一个json_encoded字符串，以便通过例如数据访问响应中的不同变量。成功等。

#6

PHP can only return to AJAX calls, by its output. An AJAX call to a PHP page is essentially the same as a browser requesting for the page.

PHP只能通过输出返回到AJAX调用。对PHP页面的AJAX调用本质上与请求该页面的浏览器相同。

If your PHP file was something like,

如果PHP文件是这样的，

<?php
echo "1";
?>

You would receive the "1" in your JavaScript success callback,

您将在JavaScript成功回调中收到“1”，

that is,

也就是说,

success: function(data) {
   // here data is "1"
}

As an added note, usually AJAX responses are usually done in JSON format. Therefore, you should format your PHP replies in JSON notation.

作为补充说明，AJAX响应通常采用JSON格式。因此，应该将PHP响应格式化为JSON表示法。

#1