1.1 第一个里程碑:安装sersync软件
1.1.1 将软件上传到服务器当中并解压
1、上传软件到服务器上 rz -E
为了便于管理上传位置统一设置为 /server/tools 中
2、解压软件包
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[root@backup sersync_installdir_64bit]# tree
.
└── sersync
├── bin
│ └── sersync
├── conf
│ └── confxml.xml
└── logs
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1.1.2 二进制包安装方法
二进制包安装软件方法(绿色软件安装方法):
直接解压就可以使用
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[root@nfs01 sersync_installdir_64bit]# mv sersync/ /usr/local/
[root@nfs01 tools]# tree /usr/local/sersync/
/usr/local/sersync/
├── bin
│ └── sersync
├── conf
│ └── confxml.xml
└── logs
directories, 2 files
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1.2 第二个里程碑:编写sersync配置文件
1.2.1 常见的语法格式
rsync 配置文件编写:ini语法
sersync配置文件编写:xml语法
ansible配置文件编写:yml 语法
1.2.2 修改配置文件
编写前备份
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[root@backup conf]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2214 Oct 26 2011 confxml.xml
[root@backup conf]# cp confxml.xml{,.bak}
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6-11行表示排除同步的数据,等价于 --exclude 功能,表示排除
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< filter start = "false" >
< exclude expression = "(.*)\.svn" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "(.*)\.gz" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "^info/*" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "^static/*" ></ exclude >
</ filter >
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12-21行是利用inotify的功能监控指定的事件,等价与 -e create,delete…… 表示指定监控事件信息
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< inotify >
< delete start = "true" />
< createFolder start = "true" />
< createFile start = "false" />
< closeWrite start = "true" />
< moveFrom start = "true" />
< moveTo start = "true" />
< attrib start = "false" />
< modify start = "false" />
</ inotify >
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24-28行:推送到哪里 name=模块 是rsync服务器的地址
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< localpath watch = "/data" > #监控那个目录
< remote ip = "172.16.1.41" name = "backup" />
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
</ localpath >
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29-35行 定义rsync推送时的参数信息。
注意:不要有单词拼写错误 (true),否则程序不能正常启动,卡死
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< rsync >
< commonParams params = "-az" />
< auth start = "true" users = "rsync_backup" passwordfile = "/etc/rsync.password" />
< userDefinedPort start = "false" port = "874" /> <!-- port=874 -->
< timeout start = "false" time = "100" /> <!-- timeout=100 -->
< ssh start = "false" />
</ rsync >
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配置文件最终内容:
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[root@nfs01 tools]# cat /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "ISO-8859-1" ?>
< head version = "2.5" >
< host hostip = "localhost" port = "8008" ></ host >
< debug start = "false" />
< fileSystem xfs = "false" />
< filter start = "false" >
< exclude expression = "(.*)\.svn" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "(.*)\.gz" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "^info/*" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "^static/*" ></ exclude >
</ filter >
< inotify >
< delete start = "true" />
< createFolder start = "true" />
< createFile start = "false" />
< closeWrite start = "true" />
< moveFrom start = "true" />
< moveTo start = "true" />
< attrib start = "false" />
< modify start = "false" />
</ inotify >
< sersync >
< localpath watch = "/data" >
< remote ip = "172.16.1.41" name = "nfsbackup" />
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.39" name="tongbu"/>-->
<!--<remote ip="192.168.8.40" name="tongbu"/>-->
</ localpath >
< rsync >
< commonParams params = "-az" />
< auth start = "true" users = "rsync_backup" passwordfile = "/etc/rsync.password" />
< userDefinedPort start = "false" port = "874" /> <!-- port=874 -->
< timeout start = "false" time = "100" /> <!-- timeout=100 -->
< ssh start = "false" />
</ rsync >
< failLog path = "/tmp/rsync_fail_log.sh" timeToExecute = "60" /> <!--default every 60mins execute once-->
< crontab start = "false" schedule = "600" > <!--600mins-->
< crontabfilter start = "false" >
< exclude expression = "*.php" ></ exclude >
< exclude expression = "info/*" ></ exclude >
</ crontabfilter >
</ crontab >
< plugin start = "false" name = "command" />
</ sersync >
< plugin name = "command" >
< param prefix = "/bin/sh" suffix = "" ignoreError = "true" /> <!--prefix /opt/tongbu/mmm.sh suffix-->
< filter start = "false" >
< include expression = "(.*)\.php" />
< include expression = "(.*)\.sh" />
</ filter >
</ plugin >
< plugin name = "socket" >
< localpath watch = "/opt/tongbu" >
< deshost ip = "192.168.138.20" port = "8009" />
</ localpath >
</ plugin >
< plugin name = "refreshCDN" >
< localpath watch = "/data0/htdocs/cms.xoyo.com/site/" >
< cdninfo domainname = "ccms.chinacache.com" port = "80" username = "xxxx" passwd = "xxxx" />
< sendurl base = "http://pic.xoyo.com/cms" />
< regexurl regex = "false" match = "cms.xoyo.com/site([/a-zA-Z0-9]*).xoyo.com/images" />
</ localpath >
</ plugin >
</ head >
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1.3 第三里程碑: 启动sersync
1.3.1 修改文件的权限(可执行)
首先让程序让文件有执行权限
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[root@nfs01 bin]# chmod a+x sersync
[root@nfs01 bin]# ll
total 1768
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1810128 Oct 26 2011 sersync
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1.3.2 查看软件的帮助信息
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[root@nfs01 bin]# ./sersync -h
set the system param
execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
_______________________________________________________
重要参数-d:启用守护进程模式
重要参数-r:在监控前,将监控目录与远程主机用rsync命令推送一遍
参数-n: 指定开启守护线程的数量,默认为10个
重要参数-o:指定配置文件,默认使用confxml.xml文件
参数-m:单独启用其他模块,使用 -m refreshCDN 开启刷新CDN模块
参数-m:单独启用其他模块,使用 -m socket 开启socket模块
参数-m:单独启用其他模块,使用 -m http 开启http模块
不加-m参数,则默认执行同步程序
________________________________________________________________
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1.3.3 在程序的bin目录下启动程序
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./sersync -dro /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
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1.3.4 启动方法二
将/usr/local/sersync/bin/程序的bin目录添加到PATH中
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export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/sersync/bin/
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然后sersync命令就能直接使用
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[root@nfs01 scripts]# sersync -dro /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
set the system param
execute:echo 50000000 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
execute:echo 327679 > /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_queued_events
parse the command param
option: -d run as a daemon
option: -r rsync all the local files to the remote servers before the sersync work
option: -o config xml name: /usr/local/sersync/conf/confxml.xml
daemon thread num: 10
parse xml config file
host ip : localhost host port: 8008
daemon start,sersync run behind the console
use rsync password-file :
user is rsync_backup
passwordfile is /etc/rsync.password
config xml parse success
please set /etc/rsyncd.conf max connections=0 Manually
sersync working thread 12 = 1(primary thread) + 1(fail retry thread) + 10(daemon sub threads)
Max threads numbers is: 22 = 12(Thread pool nums) + 10(Sub threads)
please according your cpu ,use -n param to adjust the cpu rate
------------------------------------------
rsync the directory recursivly to the remote servers once
working please wait...
execute command: cd /data && rsync -az -R --delete ./ rsync_backup@172.16.1.41::nfsbackup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password >/dev/null 2>&1
run the sersync:
watch path is: /data
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1.4 Inotify与 sersync总结对比
1.4.1 Inotify实时并发:
结论:经过测试,每秒200文件并发,数据同步几乎无延迟(小于1秒)
1.4.2 inotify 优点:
1)监控文件系统事件变化,通过同步工具实现实时数据同步。
1.4.3 inotify 缺点
1)并发如果大于200个文件(10-100k),同步就会有延迟
2)我们前面写的脚本,每次都是全部推送一次,但确实是增量的。也可以只同步变化的文件,不变化的不理。
3)监控到事件后,调用rsync同步是单进程的,而sersync为多进程同步。既然有了inotify-tools,为什么还要开发sersync?
1.4.4 serysync功能多:(inotify+rsync命令)
1)支持通过配置文件管理
2)真正的守护进程socket
3)可以对失败文件定时重传(定时任务功能)
4)第三方的HTTP接口(例如:更新cdn缓存)
5)默认多进程rsync同步
1.4.5 高并发数据实时同步方案小结:
1)inotify(sersync)+ rsync,是文件级别的。
2)drbd文件系统级别,文件系统级别,基于block块同步,缺点:备节点数据不可用
3)第三方软件的同步功能:mysql同步(主从复制),oracle,mongodb
4)程序双写,直接写两台服务器。
5)利用产品业务逻辑解决(读写分离,备份读不到,读主)
2.1 man命令的级别
centos6
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[root@nfs01 ~]# man man
The standard sections of the manual include:
User Commands #用户命令
System Calls #系统调用
C Library Functions # Ç库函数
Devices and Special Files #设备和特殊文件
File Formats and Conventions #文件格式和约定
Games et. Al. #游戏等。
Miscellanea #杂记
System Administration tools and Daemons #系统管理工具和程序
Distributions customize the manual section to their specifics,
which often include additional sections.
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centos7
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[root@clsn tuichu]# man ~
Executable programs or shell commands
System calls (functions provided by the kernel)
Library calls (functions within program libraries)
Special files (usually found in /dev)
File formats and conventions eg /etc/passwd
Games
Miscellaneous (including macro packages and conventions), e.g.
man(7), groff(7)
System administration commands (usually only for root)
Kernel routines [Non standard]
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以上这篇sersync实现数据实时同步的方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/clsn/p/7707828.html