弹出框有两种:页面弹出框(可定位元素能操作)、Windows弹出框(不能直接定位)
一、页面弹出框
等待弹出框出现之后,定位弹出框,操作其中元素
如:
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driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get( "https://www.baidu.com" )
driver.maximize_window()
#点击百度登录按钮
driver.find_element_by_xpath( '//*[@id="u1"]//a[@name="tj_login"]' ).click()
#等待百度登录弹出框中 要出现的元素可见
ele_id = "TANGRAM__PSP_10__footerULoginBtn"
param = (By. ID ,ele_id)
#元素可见时,再进行后续操作
WebDriverWait(driver, 10 ).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(param))
driver.find_element_by_id(ele_id).click()
time.sleep( 5 )
driver.quit()
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二、Windows弹出框
使用 driver.switch_to.alert 切换到Windows弹出框
Alert类提供了一系列操作方法:
- accept() 确定
- dismiss() 取消
- text() 获取弹出框里面的内容
- send_keys(keysToSend) 输入字符串
如:
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#1:定位alert弹出框
#点击页面元素,触发alert弹出框
driver.find_element_by_xpath( '//*[@id="alert"]' ).click()
time.sleep( 3 )
#等待alert弹出框可见
WebDriverWait(driver, 20 ).until(EC.alert_is_present())
#从html页面切换到alert弹框
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
#获取alert的文本内容
print (alert.text)
#接受--选择“确定”
alert.accept()
#2:定位confirm弹出框
driver.find_element_by_xpath( '//*[@id="confirm"]' ).click()
time.sleep( 3 )
WebDriverWait(driver, 20 ).until(EC.alert_is_present())
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
print (alert.text)
# 接受--选择“取消”
alert.dismiss()
#3:定位prompt弹出框
driver.find_element_by_id( "prompt" ).click()
time.sleep( 3 )
WebDriverWait(driver, 20 ).until(EC.alert_is_present())
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
alert.send_keys( "jaja" )
time.sleep( 5 )
print (alert.text)
# alert.dismiss()
alert.accept()
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实例
首先复制下列的html代码,保存为test.html到与脚本相同的文件夹下。这个html文件包含三个按钮,点击后会弹出三种不同的弹出框,另外还有一个文字区域,显示刚才的动作。
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<!doctype html>
< head >
< title >alert,confirm and prompt</ title >
< script type = 'text/javascript' >
function myFunctionAlert(){
window.alert('this is an alert, it has a confirm button')
document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked confirm button of alert()'
}
function myFunctionConfirm(){
var result = window.confirm('this is a confirm,it has a confirm button and a cancel button')
if(result == true){
document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked confirm button of confirm()'
}else if(result == false){
document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked cancel button of confirm()'
}else{
document.getElementsById('action').value = 'you did nothing'
}
}
function myFunctionPrompt(){
var result = window.prompt('this is a prompt,it has an input and two buttons')
if(result == null){
document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just clicked cancel button of prompt()'
}else if(result == ''){
document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just input nothing and clicked confirm button of prompt()'
}else{
document.getElementById('action').value = 'you just input \'' + result + '\' and clicked confirm button of promt()'
}
}
</ script >
< body >
< br >
< button type = 'button' onclick = 'myFunctionAlert()' >show alert</ button >
< br >
< button type = 'button' onclick = 'myFunctionConfirm()' >show confirm</ button >
< br >
< button type = 'button' onclick = 'myFunctionPrompt()' >show prompt</ button >
< br >
< textarea id = 'action' style = "width:200px;height:100px;font-family: Microsoft YaHei" ></ textarea >
</ body >
</ head >
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首先我们先实现:
1.点击第一个按钮‘show alert',然后在弹出的对话框中点击【确认】按钮,并且打印你的动作。
2.点击第二个按钮‘show confirm',然后在弹出的对话框中点击【取消】按钮,并且打印你的动作。
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from time import sleep
import os
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.implicitly_wait( 10 )
file = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath( 'test.html' )
driver.get( file )
driver.find_element_by_css_selector( 'body>button:nth-child(2)' ).click() #使用css选择器定位,show alert按钮为body下的第二个子元素
sleep( 2 )
alert = driver.switch_to.alert #切换到alert
print ( 'alert text : ' + alert.text) #打印alert的文本
alert.accept() #点击alert的【确认】按钮
print ( 'what you have done is : ' + driver.find_element_by_id( 'action' ).get_attribute( 'value' )) #打印刚才的操作(获取页面最下方的textarea中文本)
sleep( 2 )
driver.find_element_by_css_selector( 'body>button:nth-child(4)' ).click()
sleep( 2 )
confirm = driver.switch_to.alert
print ( 'confirm text : ' + confirm.text) #打印confirm的文本
confirm.dismiss() #点击confirm的取消按钮
print ( 'what you have done is : ' + driver.find_element_by_id( 'action' ).get_attribute( 'value' ))
sleep( 2 )
driver.quit()
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接着我们来操作:点击第三个按钮‘show prompt',输入文字后点击【确认】按钮。
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.alert import Alert #导入Alert包
from time import sleep
import os
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.implicitly_wait( 10 )
file = 'file:///' + os.path.abspath( 'test.html' )
driver.get( file )
driver.find_element_by_css_selector( 'body>button:nth-child(6)' ).click()
sleep( 2 )
prompt = Alert(driver) #实例Alert对象,但使用时前面一定要导入Alert包
print ( 'prompt text : ' + prompt.text) #打印promt的文言
prompt.send_keys( 'test prompt' ) #发送信息到输入框中
sleep( 2 )
prompt.accept() #点击【确认】按钮
print ( 'what you have done is : ' + driver.find_element_by_id( 'action' ).get_attribute( 'value' )) #打印刚才的操作
sleep( 2 )
driver.quit()
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/simran/p/9240917.html