本文介绍了selenium设置proxy、headers的方法,把phantomjs、Chrome、Firefox几个浏览器的设置方法都总结一下,分享给大家,也给自己留个笔记
phantomjs
设置ip
方法1:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
service_args = [
'--proxy=%s' % ip_html, # 代理 IP:prot (eg:192.168.0.28:808)
'--proxy-type=http' , # 代理类型:http/https
‘ - - load - images = no', # 关闭图片加载(可选)
'--disk-cache=yes' , # 开启缓存(可选)
'--ignore-ssl-errors=true' # 忽略https错误(可选)
]
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(service_args = service_args)
|
方法2:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
browser = webdriver.PhantomJS(PATH_PHANTOMJS)
# 利用DesiredCapabilities(代理设置)参数值,重新打开一个sessionId,我看意思就相当于浏览器清空缓存后,加上代理重新访问一次url
proxy = webdriver.Proxy()
proxy.proxy_type = ProxyType.MANUAL
proxy.http_proxy = '1.9.171.51:800'
# 将代理设置添加到webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS中
proxy.add_to_capabilities(webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
browser.start_session(webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
browser.get( 'http://1212.ip138.com/ic.asp' )
print ( '1: ' ,browser.session_id)
print ( '2: ' ,browser.page_source)
print ( '3: ' ,browser.get_cookies())
|
还原为系统代理
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
# 还原为系统代理
proxy = webdriver.Proxy()
proxy.proxy_type = ProxyType.DIRECT
proxy.add_to_capabilities(webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
browser.start_session(webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
browser.get( 'http://1212.ip138.com/ic.asp' )
|
设置请求头
方法2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
|
import random,requests,json
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import ProxyType
#随机获取一个ip
def proxies():
r = requests.get( "http://120.26.166.214:9840/JProxy/update/proxy/scoreproxy" )
rr = json.loads(r.text)
hh = rr[ 'ip' ] + ":" + "8907"
print (hh)
return hh
ips = proxies()
#设置phantomjs请求头和代理方法一:
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 设置代理
service_args = [
'--proxy=%s' % ips, # 代理 IP:prot (eg:192.168.0.28:808)
'--ssl-protocol=any' , #忽略ssl协议
'--load - images = no' , # 关闭图片加载(可选)
'--disk-cache=yes' , # 开启缓存(可选)
'--ignore-ssl-errors=true' # 忽略https错误(可选)
]
#设置请求头
user_agent = (
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_4) " +
"AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/29.0.1547.57 Safari/537.36"
)
dcap = dict (DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)
dcap[ "phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent" ] = user_agent
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path = r "C:\soft\phantomjs-2.1.1-windows\bin\phantomjs.exe" ,
desired_capabilities = dcap,service_args = service_args)
driver.get(url = 'http://www.baidu.com' )
page = driver.page_source
print (page)
#设置phantomjs请求头和代理方法二:
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
desired_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS.copy()
# 从USER_AGENTS列表中随机选一个浏览器头,伪装浏览器
desired_capabilities[ "phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent" ] = (random.choice( '请求头池' ))
# 不载入图片,爬页面速度会快很多
desired_capabilities[ "phantomjs.page.settings.loadImages" ] = False
# 利用DesiredCapabilities(代理设置)参数值,重新打开一个sessionId,我看意思就相当于浏览器清空缓存后,加上代理重新访问一次url
proxy = webdriver.Proxy()
proxy.proxy_type = ProxyType.MANUAL
proxy.http_proxy = random.choice( 'ip池' )
proxy.add_to_capabilities(desired_capabilities)
phantomjs_driver = r 'C:\phantomjs-2.1.1-windows\bin\phantomjs.exe'
# 打开带配置信息的phantomJS浏览器
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path = phantomjs_driver,desired_capabilities = desired_capabilities)
driver.start_session(desired_capabilities)
driver.get(url = 'http://www.baidu.com' )
page = driver.page_source
print (page)
# 隐式等待5秒,可以自己调节
driver.implicitly_wait( 5 )
# 设置10秒页面超时返回,类似于requests.get()的timeout选项,driver.get()没有timeout选项
# 以前遇到过driver.get(url)一直不返回,但也不报错的问题,这时程序会卡住,设置超时选项能解决这个问题。
driver.set_page_load_timeout( 20 )
# 设置10秒脚本超时时间
driver.set_script_timeout( 20 )
#翻页命令
driver.execute_script( 'window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)' )
|
firefox
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
|
import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import *
myProxy = '202.202.90.20:8080'
proxy = Proxy({
'proxyType' : ProxyType.MANUAL,
'httpProxy' : myProxy,
'ftpProxy' : myProxy,
'sslProxy' : myProxy,
'noProxy' : ''
})
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
if proxy:
profile = get_firefox_profile_with_proxy_set(profile, proxy)
if user_agent:
profile.set_preference( "general.useragent.override" , user_agent)
driver = webdriver.Firefox(proxy = proxy,profile = profile)
driver.get( 'https://www.baidu.com' )
time.sleep( 3 )
driver.quit()
firefox无头模式
from selenium import webdriver
# 创建的新实例驱动
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
#火狐无头模式
options.add_argument( '--headless' )
options.add_argument( '--disable-gpu' )
# options.add_argument('window-size=1200x600')
executable_path = './source/geckodriver/geckodriver.exe'
driver_path = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options = options,executable_path = executable_path)
|
chrome
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
|
# !/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
# 进入浏览器设置
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
#谷歌无头模式
options.add_argument( '--headless' )
options.add_argument( '--disable-gpu' )
# options.add_argument('window-size=1200x600')
# 设置中文
options.add_argument( 'lang=zh_CN.UTF-8' )
# 更换头部
options.add_argument( 'user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (iPod; U; CPU iPhone OS 2_1 like Mac OS X; ja-jp) AppleWebKit/525.18.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/3.1.1 Mobile/5F137 Safari/525.20"' )
#设置代理
if proxy:
options.add_argument( 'proxy-server=' + proxy)
if user_agent:
options.add_argument( 'user-agent=' + user_agent)
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options = options)
url = "https://httpbin.org/get?show_env=1"
browser.get(url)
browser.quit()
|
selenium设置chrome–cookie
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
# !/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
browser.get(url)
# 通过js新打开一个窗口
newwindow = 'window.open("https://www.baidu.com");'
# 删除原来的cookie
browser.delete_all_cookies()
# 携带cookie打开
browser.add_cookie({ 'name' : 'ABC' , 'value' : 'DEF' })
# 通过js新打开一个窗口
browser.execute_script(newwindow)
input ( "查看效果" )
browser.quit()
|
selenium设置chrome-图片不加载
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
prefs = {
'profile.default_content_setting_values' : {
'images' : 2
}
}
options.add_experimental_option( 'prefs' , prefs)
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options = options)
# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
url = "http://image.baidu.com/"
browser.get(url)
input ( "是否有图" )
browser.quit()
|
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/xc_zhou/article/details/80823855