前言
spring cloud gateway是spring官方基于spring 5.0,spring boot 2.0和project reactor等技术开发的网关,spring cloud gateway旨在为微服务架构提供一种简单而有效的统一的api路由管理方式。spring cloud gateway作为spring cloud生态系中的网关,目标是替代netflix zuul,其不仅提供统一的路由方式,并且基于filter链的方式提供了网关基本的功能,例如:安全,监控/埋点,和限流等。
spring cloud gateway 的特征:
- 基于 spring framework 5,project reactor 和 spring boot 2.0动态路由
- predicates 和 filters 作用于特定路由
- 集成 hystrix 断路器
- 集成 spring cloud discoveryclient
- 易于编写的 predicates 和 filters
- 限流
- 路径重写
spring cloud gateway中的全局异常处理不能直接用@controlleradvice来处理,通过跟踪异常信息的抛出,找到对应的源码,自定义一些处理逻辑来符合业务的需求。
网关都是给接口做代理转发的,后端对应的都是rest api,返回数据格式都是json。如果不做处理,当发生异常时,gateway默认给出的错误信息是页面,不方便前端进行异常处理。
需要对异常信息进行处理,返回json格式的数据给客户端。下面先看实现的代码,后面再跟大家讲下需要注意的地方。
自定义异常处理逻辑:
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package com.cxytiandi.gateway.exception;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.map;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.errorproperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.resourceproperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.defaulterrorwebexceptionhandler;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.errorattributes;
import org.springframework.context.applicationcontext;
import org.springframework.http.httpstatus;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.requestpredicates;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.routerfunction;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.routerfunctions;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.serverrequest;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.serverresponse;
/**
* 自定义异常处理
*
* <p>异常时用json代替html异常信息<p>
*
* @author yinjihuan
*
*/
public class jsonexceptionhandler extends defaulterrorwebexceptionhandler {
public jsonexceptionhandler(errorattributes errorattributes, resourceproperties resourceproperties,
errorproperties errorproperties, applicationcontext applicationcontext) {
super (errorattributes, resourceproperties, errorproperties, applicationcontext);
}
/**
* 获取异常属性
*/
@override
protected map<string, object> geterrorattributes(serverrequest request, boolean includestacktrace) {
int code = 500 ;
throwable error = super .geterror(request);
if (error instanceof org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.notfoundexception) {
code = 404 ;
}
return response(code, this .buildmessage(request, error));
}
/**
* 指定响应处理方法为json处理的方法
* @param errorattributes
*/
@override
protected routerfunction<serverresponse> getroutingfunction(errorattributes errorattributes) {
return routerfunctions.route(requestpredicates.all(), this ::rendererrorresponse);
}
/**
* 根据code获取对应的httpstatus
* @param errorattributes
*/
@override
protected httpstatus gethttpstatus(map<string, object> errorattributes) {
int statuscode = ( int ) errorattributes.get( "code" );
return httpstatus.valueof(statuscode);
}
/**
* 构建异常信息
* @param request
* @param ex
* @return
*/
private string buildmessage(serverrequest request, throwable ex) {
stringbuilder message = new stringbuilder( "failed to handle request [" );
message.append(request.methodname());
message.append( " " );
message.append(request.uri());
message.append( "]" );
if (ex != null ) {
message.append( ": " );
message.append(ex.getmessage());
}
return message.tostring();
}
/**
* 构建返回的json数据格式
* @param status 状态码
* @param errormessage 异常信息
* @return
*/
public static map<string, object> response( int status, string errormessage) {
map<string, object> map = new hashmap<>();
map.put( "code" , status);
map.put( "message" , errormessage);
map.put( "data" , null );
return map;
}
}
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覆盖默认的配置:
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package com.cxytiandi.gateway.exception;
import java.util.collections;
import java.util.list;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.objectprovider;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.resourceproperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.serverproperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.enableconfigurationproperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.errorattributes;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.errorwebexceptionhandler;
import org.springframework.context.applicationcontext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;
import org.springframework.core.ordered;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.order;
import org.springframework.http.codec.servercodecconfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.viewresolver;
/**
* 覆盖默认的异常处理
*
* @author yinjihuan
*
*/
@configuration
@enableconfigurationproperties ({serverproperties. class , resourceproperties. class })
public class errorhandlerconfiguration {
private final serverproperties serverproperties;
private final applicationcontext applicationcontext;
private final resourceproperties resourceproperties;
private final list<viewresolver> viewresolvers;
private final servercodecconfigurer servercodecconfigurer;
public errorhandlerconfiguration(serverproperties serverproperties,
resourceproperties resourceproperties,
objectprovider<list<viewresolver>> viewresolversprovider,
servercodecconfigurer servercodecconfigurer,
applicationcontext applicationcontext) {
this .serverproperties = serverproperties;
this .applicationcontext = applicationcontext;
this .resourceproperties = resourceproperties;
this .viewresolvers = viewresolversprovider.getifavailable(collections::emptylist);
this .servercodecconfigurer = servercodecconfigurer;
}
@bean
@order (ordered.highest_precedence)
public errorwebexceptionhandler errorwebexceptionhandler(errorattributes errorattributes) {
jsonexceptionhandler exceptionhandler = new jsonexceptionhandler(
errorattributes,
this .resourceproperties,
this .serverproperties.geterror(),
this .applicationcontext);
exceptionhandler.setviewresolvers( this .viewresolvers);
exceptionhandler.setmessagewriters( this .servercodecconfigurer.getwriters());
exceptionhandler.setmessagereaders( this .servercodecconfigurer.getreaders());
return exceptionhandler;
}
}
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注意点
异常时如何返回json而不是html?
在org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.defaulterrorwebexceptionhandler中的getroutingfunction()方法就是控制返回格式的,原代码如下:
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@override
protected routerfunction<serverresponse> getroutingfunction(
errorattributes errorattributes) {
return routerfunctions.route(acceptstexthtml(), this ::rendererrorview)
.androute(requestpredicates.all(), this ::rendererrorresponse);
}
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这边优先是用html来显示的,想用json的改下就可以了,如下:
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protected routerfunction<serverresponse> getroutingfunction(errorattributes errorattributes) {
return routerfunctions.route(requestpredicates.all(), this ::rendererrorresponse);
}
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gethttpstatus需要重写
原始的方法是通过status来获取对应的httpstatus的,代码如下:
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protected httpstatus gethttpstatus(map<string, object> errorattributes) {
int statuscode = ( int ) errorattributes.get( "status" );
return httpstatus.valueof(statuscode);
}
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如果我们定义的格式中没有status字段的话,这么就会报错,找不到对应的响应码,要么返回数据格式中增加status子段,要么重写,我这边返回的是code,所以要重写,代码如下:
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@override
protected httpstatus gethttpstatus(map<string, object> errorattributes) {
int statuscode = ( int ) errorattributes.get( "code" );
return httpstatus.valueof(statuscode);
}
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总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对服务器之家的支持。
原文链接:https://juejin.im/post/5bbad1405188255c4a7137e1