T-SQL最大日期和最小日期，值为单行

First of all I would like to thank the friends who helped this complex and difficult query.

首先，我要感谢帮助这个复杂而困难的查询的朋友们。

I have three tables

我有三张桌子

Table 1

表格1

 StaffId     FirstName       LastName   staffType
---------------------------------------
   1          Adam            Sorme      Student 
   2          Lara            Sandra     Teacher
   3          Jack            Jones      Student

Table 2

表2

 GateId   GateName  
 ---------------------------------------
   1        frontDoor
   2        superDoor

Table 3

表3

Id transitionDate     GateId  StaffId 
 ---------------------------------------
1  2018-01-1 08:00:00    1     1
2  2018-01-1 10:00:00    2     1
3  2018-01-1 20:00:00    2     1
4  2018-01-2 07:00:00    1     2
5  2018-01-2 10:00:00    1     3
6  2018-01-9 12:00:00    2     2

I want the first and last movements of students for each day. Value must be set to null if no movement is available between the specified dates

我想要每天学生的第一次和最后一次动作。如果指定日期之间没有可用的移动，则必须将值设置为null

transitionDate> '2018-01-1 00:00:00 000' 
 and transitionDate< '2018-01-03 00:00:00 000'

OUTPUT:

OUTPUT：

  Id     Date    MinTransitionDate    MaxTransitionDate    FirstGateName LastGateName    StaffId    StaffType
  1   2018-01-01  2018-01-1 08:00:00 2018-01-1 20:00:00    frontDoor      superDoor         1         Student
  2   2018-01-01  null                null                  null           null             3         student
  3   2018-01-02  null                null                  null           null             1         student
  4   2018-01-02  2018-01-2 10:00:00  null                 frontDoor       null             3         student

3 个解决方案

#1

you can try a query like below

你可以尝试下面的查询

see working demo

看工作演示

create table staff(StaffId int,   FirstName  nvarchar(10),  LastName nvarchar(10),  staffType nvarchar(10))
insert into staff values
(1,'Adam','Sorme','Student') 
,(2,'Lara','Sandra','Teacher')
,(3,'Jack','Jones','Student')

go

create table gate(GateId int,  GateName  nvarchar(10))
insert into gate values
(1,'frontDoor')
,(2,'superDoor')

go
create table logs 
(Id int, transitionDate  datetime,   GateId  int, StaffId  int)
insert into logs values
(1,'2018-01-1 08:00:00',1,1)
,(2,'2018-01-1 10:00:00',2,1)
,(3,'2018-01-1 20:00:00',2,1)
,(4,'2018-01-2 07:00:00',1,2)
,(5,'2018-01-2 10:00:00',1,3)
,(6,'2018-01-9 12:00:00',2,2)
go
declare @startdate datetime, @enddate datetime
select @startdate='2018-01-1 00:00:00' , @enddate='2018-01-03 00:00:00'


; with tempSet as 
(
    select 
    transitionDatetime=l.transitionDate,
    gateName=g.gateName,
    staffid=l.staffid,
    idx=
         row_number() over(partition by l.staffid order by l.transitionDate ) -
        row_number() over(partition by l.staffid,cast(l.transitionDate as date) order by l.transitionDate ),
    transitionDate=cast(l.transitionDate as date)
    from
    logs l inner join staff s on
    l.staffid=s.staffid and staffType='Student'
    join gate g on g.gateid=l.gateid
)
, groupedSet as
(
    select 
    t1.*,
    FirstGateName=t2.gatename,
    lastGateName=t3.gatename
    from
    (
        select
        staffid,
        mintransitionDate=min(transitionDatetime),
        maxtransitionDate= case when count(1)>1 then max(transitionDatetime) else null end,
        transitionDate=max(transitionDate),
        idx
        from
        tempSet 
        group by staffid,idx
    ) t1
    left join
    tempSet t2
    on t1.idx=t2.idx 
    and t1.staffid=t2.staffid and t1.mintransitionDate=t2.transitionDatetime
     left join
    tempSet t3
    on t1.idx=t3.idx 
    and t1.staffid=t3.staffid and t1.maxtransitionDate=t3.transitionDatetime
    where t1.transitionDate between @startdate and @enddate
 )

 select
 t.*,
 g.mintransitionDate,
 g.maxtransitionDate,
 g.FirstGateName,
 g.LastGateName
 from 
 groupedSet g
 right join
 (
     select 
         d,
         staffid
     from
     (
         select 
         top  (select datediff(d,@startdate, @endDate))
         d=dateadd(d,row_number() over(order by (select null))-1, @startDate)
         from
         sys.objects o1 cross join sys.objects o2
     )tally
          cross join
     staff 
     where staff.stafftype='Student'
    )t
 on cast(t.d as date)=cast(g.transitionDate as date) and t.staffid=g.staffid
 order by t.d asc, t.staffid asc

#2

All insert statements:

所有插入语句：

create table #Staff (StaffId int, FirstName varchar(20), LastName varchar(20), staffType varchar(20))
insert into #Staff values
(1, 'Adam', 'Sorme', 'Student'), 
(2, 'Lara', 'Sandra', 'Teacher'),
(3, 'Jack', 'Jones', 'Student')

create table #Gates (GateId int, GateName varchar(20)) 
insert into #Gates values
(1, 'frontDoor'),
(2, 'backDoor')

create table #Transitions (Id int, transitionDate datetime, GateId int, StaffId  int)
insert into #Transitions values
(1, '2018-01-1 08:00:00', 1, 1),
(2, '2018-01-1 10:00:00', 2, 1),
(3, '2018-01-1 20:00:00', 2, 1),
(4, '2018-01-2 07:00:00', 1, 2),
(5, '2018-01-2 10:00:00', 1, 3),
(6, '2018-01-9 12:00:00', 2, 2)

In order to get desired result, you'll need CTE with all days between range. Limits (dates) of range you specify in variables included in below query.

为了获得理想的结果，您需要在范围之间的所有日期进行CTE。在下面的查询中包含的变量中指定的范围的限制（日期）。

declare @maxTransitionDate datetime, @minTransitionDate datetime
select @maxTransitionDate='2018-01-10', @minTransitionDate='2018-01-01'
;with cte as (
    select @minTransitionDate [Days]
    union all
    select dateadd(day,1,[Days]) from cte where [Days] < @maxTransitionDate
)
,cte2 as (
    select [Days], [StaffId], [FirstName], [LastName] from cte cross apply #staff where stafftype ='Student'
)

select C.[Days] [Date], C.[staffid], C.FirstName, C.LastName, A.mintransitiondate, A.[maxtransitiondate], A.firstgatename, A.lastgatename, A.staffType from (
    select T.[Date],
           T.staffid,
           T.mintransitiondate,
           case when T.maxtransitiondate <> T.mintransitiondate then T.maxtransitiondate end [maxtransitiondate],
           (select gatename from #gates where gateid = T.firstgateid) firstgatename,
           (select gatename from #gates where gateid = T.lastgateid) lastgatename,
           S.FirstName,
           S.LastName,
           S.staffType
    from (
        select [date], staffid,
               max(case when rn = 1 then transitiondate end) mintransitiondate,
               max(case when rn = cnt then transitiondate end) maxtransitiondate,
               max(case when rn = 1 then GateId end) FirstGateId,
               max(case when rn = cnt then GateId end) LastGateId
        from (
            select *, cast(transitiondate as date) [Date],
                   row_number() over (partition by staffid, cast(transitiondate as date) order by transitiondate) [rn],
                   count(*) over (partition by staffid, cast(transitiondate as date)) [cnt]
            from #Transitions
        ) a group by staffid, [date]
    ) [T] join #Staff [S] on T.staffid = S.staffid
    where S.staffType = 'Student'
) [A] right join cte2 [C] on A.[Date] = C.[Days] and A.[staffid] = C.[staffid]

#3

The other answers seem so complicated.

其他答案看起来很复杂。

First, use cross join to get all the rows. Then use left join and aggregation to get the information you want.

首先，使用交叉连接来获取所有行。然后使用左连接和聚合来获取所需的信息。

The basic query looks like this:

基本查询如下所示：

select s.staffId, d.dte,
       min(t.transitionDate) as first_change,
       max(t.transitionDate) as first_change,
       max(case when seqnum_asc = 1 then gateId end) as first_gateid,
       max(case when seqnum_desc = 1 then gateId end) as last_gateid
from (select s.* from Staff s where stafftype = 'Student') s cross join
     (select distinct cast(transitionDate as date) as dte from Transitions) d left join
     (select t.*,
             row_number() over (partition by StaffId, cast(transitionDate as date) order by transitionDate) as seqnum_asc,
             row_number() over (partition by StaffId, cast(transitionDate as date) order by transitionDate desc) as seqnum_desc
      from Transitions t
     ) t
     on cast(t.transitiondate as date) = d.dte and
        t.staffId = s.staffId and
        1 in (t.seqnum_asc, t.seqnum_desc)
group by s.staffId, d.dte;

You can enhance the select to bring back more columns.

您可以增强选择以恢复更多列。

Here is a SQL Fiddle.

这是一个SQL小提琴。