目的
临床数据的记录时间和对应标签（逗号后面的数字）记录在txt文件里，要把标签转换为3类标签，并且计算出每个标签的分别持续时间，然后绘制成柱形图方便查阅。
小难点分析：
（1）txt的切割读取对应内容
（2）时间差计算
txt文件如图：
使用效果
首先将原始txt转换为 左列新标签 右列持续时间
绘制为柱形图
为了直观，每次只最多显示 2个小时，同时横坐标还是按照临床的记录时间顺序。
代码实现
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from datetime import datetime
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.font_manager import fontproperties
font_set = fontproperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\simsun.ttc", size=12)
address = "d:/xxxxxx/"
patient = "xxxxx"
year = '2020' # or 2020
txt_address = address + patient + "/timetable.txt"
filename = address + patient + "/newtimetable.txt" # 保存的txt地址
# 读取txt的相应内容
def showlabel():
content = []
label = []
rawtime = []
with open(txt_address, 'r', encoding="utf-8") as f:
lines = f.readlines() # 返回的是列表
print("文件的行数:%d" % len(lines))
for line in lines:
content_value = line.split(sep=',') # 分为[0]和[1]
time_value = content_value[0].split(sep=year)
content_value = content_value[1].split(sep='\n')
temp_time = year + time_value[-1]
rawtime.append(temp_time)
content.append(content_value[0])
# 去掉第一行的line和转换label
for i in range(1, len(lines)): # range是左闭右开
number = int(content[i])
if number == 4:
label_value = 1 # label 1 表示癫痫发作
elif number == 1:
label_value = 0 # label 0 表示数据缺失
else:
label_value = -1 # label -1 表示非癫痫发作
label.append(label_value)
del rawtime[0] # 去掉第一行的line
length = len(lines)
return label, rawtime, length
# 计算时间差
def gettimespan(new_label,time,length):
time_span = []
time_label = []
temp = datetime.strptime(time[0], "%y-%m-%d %h：%m：%s")
for i in range(0, length - 2):
if new_label[i] != new_label[i + 1]:
end_time = datetime.strptime(time[i + 1], "%y-%m-%d %h：%m：%s")
diff = end_time - temp
temp = end_time
# time_span.append(diff) 标准化时间
time_span.append(round(diff.total_seconds() / 60, 2)) # 保留两位小数
time_label.append(new_label[i])
return time_span, time_label
# 画图，按照标签内容给图上色
def showtimeandlabel(time_span,time_label):
yanse = []
for i in time_label:
if i == 0:
yanse = 'blue'
elif i == -1:
yanse = 'gray'
else:
yanse = 'red'
yanse.append(yanse)
plt.bar(range(len(time_span)), time_span, width=0.8, tick_label=time_label, color=yanse)
plt.xlabel('标签', fontproperties=font_set)
plt.ylabel("持续时间（分钟）", fontproperties=font_set)
plt.title("patient: " + patient, size=20)
plt.ylim(0, 120)
plt.show()
# 保存到txt
def txtsave(time_span, time_label):
# w:向文件中写入内容时，会先清空原文件中的内容，
with open(filename, 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
line_number = len(time_label)
for i in range(line_number):
f.write(str(time_label[i])+" "+str(time_span[i]))
f.write("\n")
def main():
new_label, time, length = showlabel()
time_span, time_label = gettimespan(new_label, time, length)
txtsave(time_span, time_label)
showtimeandlabel(time_span, time_label)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Amigo_1997/article/details/114766182