hadoop平台搭建-多节点详细教程

时间：2022-09-24 23:24:47

Hadoop平台搭建说明


1. Hadoop节点规划

本次安装规划使用三个节点，每个节点都使用centos系统。

三个节点的hostname分别规划为：centoshadoop1、centoshadoop2、centoshadoop3（此处为本教程参数，可根据实际环境情况修改）

三个节点的ip地址分别规划为：192.168.65.57、192.168.65.58、192.168.65.59（此处为本教程参数，根据实际环境情况修改）

2. 平台搭建使用的软件

下载如下软件

操作系统安装包：Centos6.3_x64

Jdk安装包：jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin

Hadoop安装包：hadoop-1.1.2.tar.gz

3. 安装centos操作系统

安装三个节点的操作系统，安装过程省略。

4. 配置centoshadoop1节点

4.1. 修改节点hostname

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network  

HOSTNAME=centoshadoop1

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

……

192.168.65.57 centoshadoop1

192.168.65.58 centoshadoop2

192.168.65.59 centoshadoop3

[root@localhost ~]#reboot

4.2. 关闭iptables防火墙

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#service iptables stop

注意每次操作系统重启后都要操作

4.3. 建立无ssh密码登陆

生成签名文件

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#cd /root

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#

测试本地SSH无密码登录

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#sshcentoshadoop1

4.4. 安装jdk

上传jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin到/root目录下

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#chmod 777 jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#./jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#ll

查看生成jdk-6u37-linux-x64目录


4.5. 安装hadoop软件

上传hadoop-1.1.2.tar.gz到/root目录下

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#tar -zvxf hadoop-1.1.2.tar.gz

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#ll

查看生成hadoop-1.1.2目录

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /conf/core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>


<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->


<configuration>

<property>

<name>fs.default.name</name>

<value>hdfs://192.168.65.57:9000</value>

</property>

<property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/root/hadoop-1.1.2/tmp</value>

</property>

</configuration>


[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>


<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->


<configuration>

<property>

<name>dfs.replication</name>

<value>1</value>

</property>


</configuration>


[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>


<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->


<configuration>

<property>

<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

<value>192.168.65.57:9001</value>

</property>

</configuration>

4.6. 配置hadoop数据节点

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /root/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/masters

192.168.65.57 #secondaryNameNode

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /root/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/slaves

192.168.65.58  #datanode

192.168.65.59  #datanode

4.7. 添加环境变量

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#cd /root

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37

export JRE_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37/jre

export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$HADOOP_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH



[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi ~/.bashrc

export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37

export JRE_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37/jre

export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_DEV_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/root/hadoop-1.1.2/conf


[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /root/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/hadoop-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37

export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=/root/hadoop-1.1.2:/root/hadoop-1.1.2/lib



5. 配置centoshadoop2节点

5.1. 修改节点hostname

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network  

HOSTNAME=centoshadoop2

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

……

192.168.65.57 centoshadoop1

192.168.65.58 centoshadoop2

192.168.65.59 centoshadoop3

[root@localhost ~]#reboot

5.2. 关闭iptables防火墙

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#service iptables stop

注意每次操作系统重启后都要操作

5.3. 建立无ssh密码登陆

将centoshadoop1节点上/root/.ssh目录下的authorized_keys、known_hosts 、id_rsa.pub、id_rsa四个文件拷贝到本机的/root/.ssh目录下


5.4. 安装jdk

上传jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin到/root目录下

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#chmod 777 jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#./jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#ll

查看生成jdk-6u37-linux-x64目录


5.5. 安装hadoop软件

上传hadoop-1.1.2.tar.gz到/root目录下

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#tar -zvxf hadoop-1.1.2.tar.gz

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#ll

查看生成hadoop-1.1.2目录

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /conf/core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>


<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->


<configuration>

<property>

<name>fs.default.name</name>

<value>hdfs://192.168.65.57:9000</value>

</property>

<property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/root/hadoop-1.1.2/tmp</value>

</property>

</configuration>


[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>


<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->


<configuration>

<property>

<name>dfs.replication</name>

<value>1</value>

</property>


</configuration>


[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>


<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->


<configuration>

<property>

<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

<value>192.168.65.57:9001</value>

</property>

</configuration>

5.6. 添加环境变量

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#cd /root

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37

export JRE_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37/jre

export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$HADOOP_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH



[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi ~/.bashrc

export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37

export JRE_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37/jre

export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_DEV_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=/root/hadoop-1.1.2

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/root/hadoop-1.1.2/conf


[root@ centoshadoop1~]#vi /root/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/hadoop-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk1.6.0_37

export HADOOP_HOME_WARN_SUPPRESS=1

export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=/root/hadoop-1.1.2:/root/hadoop-1.1.2/lib

6. 配置centoshadoop3节点

6.1. 修改节点hostname

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network  

HOSTNAME=centoshadoop3

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts

……

192.168.65.57 centoshadoop1

192.168.65.58 centoshadoop2

192.168.65.59 centoshadoop3

[root@localhost ~]#reboot


关闭iptables防火墙、建立无ssh密码登陆、安装jdk、安装hadoop软件、添加环境变量等操作跟“配置centoshadoop2节点”完全相同

7. 启动运行hadoop平台

7.1. 首先执行格式化

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#hadoop namenode �Cformat

注意：core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、mapred-site.xml等配置文件变化后都需要执行格式化

7.2. 启动hadoop

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#start-all.sh

7.3. 停止hadoop

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#stop-all.sh

7.4. 查看hadoop运行状态

查看hadoop启动的进程

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#jps

查看hadoop集群状态

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#hadoop dfsadmin  -report

查看hadoop中的目录情况

[root@ centoshadoop1~]#hadoop fs �Cls /



标签：

相关文章