前言
java语言在多数时,会作为一个后端语言,为前端的php,node.js等提供api接口。前端通过ajax请求去调用java的api服务。今天以node.js为例,介绍两种跨域方式:crossorigin和反向代理。
一、准备工作
pom.xml:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<project xmlns= "http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xsi:schemalocation= "http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
<modelversion> 4.0 . 0 </modelversion>
<groupid>com.example</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot- 15 </artifactid>
<version> 0.0 . 1 -snapshot</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>spring-boot- 15 </name>
<description>demo project for spring boot</description>
<parent>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid>
<version> 1.5 . 3 .release</version>
<relativepath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceencoding>utf- 8 </project.build.sourceencoding>
<project.reporting.outputencoding>utf- 8 </project.reporting.outputencoding>
<java.version> 1.8 </java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-devtools</artifactid>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactid>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
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pom.xml
app.java
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package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.springapplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.springbootapplication
@springbootapplication
public class app {
public static void main(string[] args) {
springapplication.run(app. class , args);
}
}
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user.java
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package com.example;
public class user {
public int id;
public string name;
public int age;
}
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maincontroller.java:
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package com.example;
import java.util.arraylist;
import java.util.list;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.getmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;
/**
* *
*/
@restcontroller
public class maincontroller {
@getmapping ( "findalluser" )
public list<user> findalluser() {
list<user> list = new arraylist<>();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 20 ; i++) {
user user = new user();
list.add(user);
user.id = i;
user.name = "name_" + i;
user.age = 20 + i;
}
return list;
}
}
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项目结构如下图所示:
访问http://localhost:8080/findalluser
使用hbuilder创建node.js express项目:
选择ejs模板引擎:
index.ejs文件代码如下:
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<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>
<%= title %>
</title>
<link rel= 'stylesheet' href= '/stylesheets/style.css' />
<script src= "//cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.5.6/angular.min.js" ></script>
<script type= "text/javascript" >
var app = angular.module( 'app' , []);
app.controller( 'maincontroller' , function($rootscope, $scope, $http) {
$http({
method: 'get' ,
url: 'http://localhost:8080/findalluser'
}).then(function successcallback(r) {
$scope.rows = r.data;
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body ng-app= "app" ng-controller= "maincontroller" >
<h1><%= title %></h1>
<p>welcome to
<%= title %>
</p>
<br />
<table>
<tr ng-repeat= "row in rows" >
<td>{{row.id}}</td>
<td>{{row.name}}</td>
<td>{{row.age}}</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
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通过angular.js的http方法调用api请求
右键运行项目:
运行效果:
发现调用ajax请求时跨域失败。
二、spring boot后台设置允许跨域
这时,修改maincontroller类,在方法前加@crossorigin注解:
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/**
*
*
*/
@restcontroller
public class maincontroller {
@crossorigin (origins = "http://localhost:3000" )
@getmapping ( "findalluser" )
public list<user> findalluser() {
list<user> list = new arraylist<>();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 20 ; i++) {
user user = new user();
list.add(user);
user.id = i;
user.name = "name_" + i;
user.age = 20 + i;
}
return list;
}
}
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这是声明findalluser方法允许跨域,
也可以修改app.java,来实现全局跨域:
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package com.example;
import org.springframework.boot.springapplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.springbootapplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.corsregistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.webmvcconfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.webmvcconfigureradapter;
@springbootapplication
public class app {
public static void main(string[] args) {
springapplication.run(app. class , args);
}
@bean
public webmvcconfigurer corsconfigurer() {
return new webmvcconfigureradapter() {
@override
public void addcorsmappings(corsregistry registry) {
registry.addmapping( "/**" ).allowedorigins( "http://localhost:3000" );
}
};
}
}
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registry.addmapping("/**"):为根目录的全部请求,也可以设置为"/user/**",这意味着是user目录下的所有请求。
在访问http://localhost:3000,效果如下:
三、通过node.js的方向代理实现跨域
node.js提供了一些反向代理的中间件,能轻而易举的实现跨域,而不需要spring boot做任何设置。
安装express-http-proxy中间件
npm install --save-dev express-http-proxy
修改app.js文件,使其支持反向代理:
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var proxy = require( 'express-http-proxy' );
var apiproxy = proxy( 'http://localhost:8080' , {});
app.use( '/api' , apiproxy);
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以“/api”开头的请求转发为spring boot的api服务。
完整代码如下:
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/**
* module dependencies.
*/
var express = require( 'express' )
, routes = require( './routes' )
, user = require( './routes/user' )
, http = require( 'http' )
, path = require( 'path' );
var app = express();
// all environments
app.set( 'port' , process.env.port || 3000 );
app.set( 'views' , __dirname + '/views' );
app.set( 'view engine' , 'ejs' );
app.use(express.favicon());
app.use(express.logger( 'dev' ));
app.use(express.bodyparser());
app.use(express.methodoverride());
app.use(app.router);
app.use(express. static (path.join(__dirname, 'public' )));
// development only
if ( 'development' == app.get( 'env' )) {
app.use(express.errorhandler());
}
var proxy = require( 'express-http-proxy' );
var apiproxy = proxy( 'http://localhost:8080' , {});
app.use( '/api' , apiproxy);
app.get( '/' , routes.index);
app.get( '/users' , user.list);
http.createserver(app).listen(app.get( 'port' ), function(){
console.log( 'express server listening on port ' + app.get( 'port' ));
});
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修改index.ejs文件:
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var app = angular.module( 'app' , []);
app.controller( 'maincontroller' , function($rootscope, $scope, $http) {
$http({
method: 'get' ,
url: '/api/findalluser'
}).then(function successcallback(r) {
$scope.rows = r.data;
});
});
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完整的index.ejs文件如下:
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<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>
<%= title %>
</title>
<link rel= 'stylesheet' href= '/stylesheets/style.css' />
<script src= "//cdn.bootcss.com/angular.js/1.5.6/angular.min.js" ></script>
<script type= "text/javascript" >
var app = angular.module( 'app' , []);
app.controller( 'maincontroller' , function($rootscope, $scope, $http) {
$http({
method: 'get' ,
url: '/api/findalluser'
}).then(function successcallback(r) {
$scope.rows = r.data;
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body ng-app= "app" ng-controller= "maincontroller" >
<h1><%= title %></h1>
<p>welcome to
<%= title %>
</p>
<br />
<table>
<tr ng-repeat= "row in rows" >
<td>{{row.id}}</td>
<td>{{row.name}}</td>
<td>{{row.age}}</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
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运行效果如下:
总结
第二种通过反向代理的方式是最佳方案。在正式项目中,可以使用node.js控制web前端渲染与spring boot后端提供api服务的组合。这样,可以控制用户在node.js端登录后才能调用spring boot的api服务。在大型web项目中也可以使用node.js的反向代理,把很多子站点关联起来,这样便发挥出了网站灵活的扩展性。
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的spring boot ajax跨域的两种方式,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/GoodHelper/p/6824562.html