前言
Nhibernate 来源于非常优秀的基于Java的Hibernate 关系型持久化工具。NHibernate 最近发布了 5.1.3 版本, 支持 .NET Standard 2.0 , 这意味着可以在 .NET Core 2.0 应用中使用, 本文就已 WebAPI 应用为例, 介绍一下如何在 .NET Core 应用中如何使用 NHibernate 。下面话不多说了,来一起看看详细的介绍的吧
使用方法如下:
1、 新建一个基于 .NET Core 的 Web API应用, 命令如下:
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mkir WebApiTest
cd WebApiTest/
dotnet new webapi
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2、 添加 NHibernate 包以及对应的数据库驱动程序(以 Npgsql 为例):
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dotnet add pakcage NHibernate
dotnet add package NHibernate.NetCore
dotnet add package Npgsql
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现在打开项目文件 WebApiTest.csproj , 可以看到已经添加了这些包:
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<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include= "Microsoft.AspNetCore.App" />
<PackageReference Include= "NHibernate" Version= "5.1.3" />
<PackageReference Include= "NHibernate.NetCore" Version= "1.0.1" />
<PackageReference Include= "NpgSql" Version= "4.0.2" />
</ItemGroup>
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3、 在项目中新建一个 Models 目录, 并创建实体类以及对应的 xml 映射文件, 代码如下:
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namespace WebApiTest.Models {
public class GpsPosition {
public virtual long Id { get ; set ; }
public virtual string UserAgent { get ; set ;}
public virtual long ? Timestamp { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? Latitude { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? Longitude { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? Accuracy { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? Altitude { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? AltitudeAccuracy { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? Heading { get ; set ; }
public virtual float ? Speed { get ; set ; }
public virtual string Tag { get ; set ; }
}
}
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对应的 xml 映射文件如下:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>
< hibernate-mapping
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns = "urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2"
namespace = "WebApiTest.Models"
assembly = "WebApiTest" >
< class name = "GpsPosition" schema = "public" table = "gps_position" >
< id name = "Id" column = "id" type = "long" >
< generator class = "sequence" >
< param name = "sequence" >public.gps_position_id_seq</ param >
</ generator >
</ id >
< property name = "UserAgent" column = "user_agent" type = "string" />
< property name = "Timestamp" column = "timestamp" type = "long" />
< property name = "Latitude" column = "latitude" type = "float" />
< property name = "Longitude" column = "longitude" type = "float" />
< property name = "Accuracy" column = "accuracy" type = "float" />
< property name = "Altitude" column = "altitude" type = "float" />
< property name = "AltitudeAccuracy" column = "altitude_accuracy" type = "float" />
< property name = "Heading" column = "heading" type = "float" />
< property name = "Speed" column = "speed" type = "float" />
< property name = "Tag" column = "tag" type = "string" />
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
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这些都是 NHibernate 的常规做法, 因此不做过多介绍, 不熟悉的可以查阅 NHIbernate 的相关文档。
4、 将 xml 文件编译为嵌入的资源, 打开项目文件 WebApiTest.csproj , 添加一个 ItemGroup 节点:
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< ItemGroup >
< None Remove = "Models/*.hbm.xml" />
< EmbeddedResource Include = "Models/*.hbm.xml" />
</ ItemGroup >
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5、 创建 NHibernate 的配置文件, 并设置为复制到输出目录:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< hibernate-configuration xmlns = "urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2" >
< session-factory >
< property name = "connection.connection_string" >server=localhost;database=test_db;user id=postgres;password=postgres;</ property >
< property name = "dialect" >NHibernate.Dialect.PostgreSQL83Dialect</ property >
< property name = "connection.driver_class" >NHibernate.Driver.NpgsqlDriver</ property >
< property name = "show_sql" >true</ property >
< property name = "format_sql" >true</ property >
< property name = "adonet.batch_size" >10</ property >
< mapping assembly = "NaturalReserveApi" />
</ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >
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打开项目文件, 添加 ItemGroup 节点, 内容如下:
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<ItemGroup>
<Content Update= "hibernate.config" >
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
</ItemGroup>
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6、 修改 Startup.cs 文件, 将 NHibernate 集成到 .NET Core 内置的依赖注入框架中:
6.1、 修改 Startup.cs 的 using 部分, 添加下面的语句:
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using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using NHibernate.NetCore;
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6.2、 修改 Startup.cs 的构造函数, 代码如下:
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public Startup(
IConfiguration configuration,
ILoggerFactory factory
) {
Configuration = configuration;
// 将内置的日志组件设置为 NHibernate 的日志组件
factory.UseAsHibernateLoggerFactory();
}
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6.3、 修改 ConfigureServices 方法, 添加 NHibernate 相关的服务:
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public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) {
// nhibernate 配置文件的路径
var path = System.IO.Path.Combine(
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory,
"hibernate.config"
);
// 添加 NHibernate 相关的服务
services.AddHibernate(path);
services.AddMvc()
.SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
}
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7、 修改默认的 ValuesController.cs , 注入并使用 NHibernate:
7.1、 修改构造函数, 注入 ISessionFactory :
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public ValuesController(ISessionFactory factory) {
this .factory = factory;
}
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7.2、 修改 Get 方法, 使用 NHibernate 进行查询:
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// GET api/values
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult<IEnumerable<GpsPosition>> Get() {
using (var session = factory.OpenSession()) {
var query = session.Query<GpsPosition>();
return query.ToList();
}
}
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8、 编译并运行:
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dotnet run
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之后可以看到类似这样的 NHibernate 初始化信息:
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Using launch settings from ~ /Projects/WebApiTest/Properties/launchSettings .json...
info: NHibernate.Cfg.Environment[0]
NHibernate 5.1.3 (assembly 5.1.0.0)
info: NHibernate.Cfg.Environment[0]
hibernate-configuration section not found in application configuration file
info: NHibernate.Cfg.Environment[0]
Bytecode provider name : lcg
info: NHibernate.Cfg.Environment[0]
Using reflection optimizer
dbug: NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration[0]
......
Hosting environment: Development
Content root path: ~ /Projects/WebApiTest
Now listening on: https: //localhost :5001
Now listening on: http: //localhost :5000
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
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看到这些信息, 就表示已经可以正常的使用 NHibernate 了。
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对服务器之家的支持。
原文链接:https://beginor.github.io/2018/08/02/using-nhibernate-with-net-core.html