一 前言
ElasticiSearch 简介 ElasticSearch是一个基于Lucene的搜索服务器。它提供了一个分布式多用户能力的全文搜索引擎,基于RESTful web接口。Elasticsearch是用Java开发的,并作为Apache许可条款下的开放源码发布,是当前流行的企业级搜索引擎。设计用于云计算中,能够达到实时搜索,稳定,可靠,快速,安装使用方便。
因为在工作的项目中有使用到所以写下相关的内容,并附带源码 感兴趣的朋友可以自己玩一玩,整个项目都是在Linux上跑的,所以安装步骤都以Linux为主。什么?你不会Linux? 学啊...........
二 安装步骤
2.1 Elasticsearch2.2安装(Yum安装步骤)
下载安装签名
rpm --import https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
配置更新源
在 /etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下创建.repo 后缀的文件,如elasticsearch.repo,编辑内容如下:
[elasticsearch-2.x]
name=Elasticsearch repository for2.x packages
baseurl=https://packages.elastic.co/elasticsearch/2.x/centos
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
使用yum命令安装:
yum install elasticsearch
加入启动项:
chkconfig --add elasticsearch
基本配置
编辑文件/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml,根据实际情况配置如下节点(也可使用默认)
- cluster.name
- node.name
- index.number_of_shards
- index.number_of_replicas
- network.host
启动Es
运行命令:
Service ElasticSearch start
参考地址:
2.2 Kibana安装
Kibana 可使用它对数据进行高效的搜索、可视化、分析等各种操作
下载解压安装包
下载地址:
配置
编辑文件config/kibana.yml ,配置属性:
- server.host (站点地址)
- elasticsearch.url (指向Elasticsearch 实例)
启动
.bin/kibana
参考地址:
2.3 Marvel安装
Marvel是Elasticsearch的管理和监控工具
安装Marvel代理插件到各个ES节点
在ES目录下运行 bin/plugin 安装插件许可
bin/plugin install license
运行bin/plugin install 安装Marvel代理插件
bin/plugin install marvel-agent
将Marvel插件安装到Kiabana
运行命令:
bin/kibana plugin --install elasticsearch/marvel/latest
重启 Kibana
参考地址:
- https://www.elastic.co/downloads/marvel
- https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/marvel/current/getting-started.html
2.4 Sense安装
一个flask写的elasticsearch查询工具:
支持es查询语言自动提示,es结构自动提示,支持两种主题,支持查询历史记录,支持快捷键。
到Kibana目录运行命令安装 Sense插件
./bin/kibana plugin --install elastic/sense
重新启动 Kibana
参考地址:
2.5 安装Ik分词插件
获取源码
git clone https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik.git
编译
去源码根目录下编译
cd elasticsearch-analysis-ik
mvn clean
mvn compile
mvn package
将文件 #{project_path}/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/target/releases/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-*.zip 复制解压到 elasticsearch的目录: plugins/ik
这几个插件安装完成后效果如下
三 ElasticSearch客户端操作索引
.net 版的客户端 是NEST 语法有相应的官网文档解释很全,也很简单 http://nest.azurewebsites.net/nest/search/basics.html
示例代码只写了最常用的对索引的一些基本操作 新建, 删除, 添加数据, 局部更新,给索引设别名
public class ElasticSearchService
{
private IElasticClient EsClient;
public ElasticSearchService()
{
EsClient = ElasticSearchConfig.EsClient;
} /// <summary>
/// 创建索引并设置别名
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string CreateIndex()
{
string newIndex = ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmm");
//创建索引,设置mapping
var response = EsClient.CreateIndex(newIndex, c =>
c.Mappings(m => m.Map<DoctorEntity>(map => map.AutoMap()))
.Settings(setting=>setting.NumberOfShards().NumberOfReplicas()));//3个分片,1个副本
if (!response.Acknowledged)
{
return "创建索引失败" + response.ServerError.Error.Reason;
}
//设置别名
var aliasResponse = EsClient.Alias(new BulkAliasDescriptor().Add(c => c.Index(newIndex).Alias(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName)));
if (!aliasResponse.Acknowledged)
{
return "设置索引别名失败" + aliasResponse.ServerError.Error.Reason;
} return "创建索引并设置别名成功!";
} /// <summary>
/// 移除别名与索引
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string DeleteIndex()
{
//获取别名下的索引
var alias = EsClient.CatAliases(a => a.Name(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName));
BulkAliasDescriptor aliasBulk = new BulkAliasDescriptor();
var indexNames = new List<string>();
foreach (var record in alias.Records)
{
//移除别名下的索引
aliasBulk.Add(new AliasRemoveDescriptor().Index(record.Index).Alias(record.Alias));
indexNames.Add(record.Index);
}
var response = EsClient.Alias(aliasBulk); //删除旧索引
indexNames.ForEach(index => EsClient.DeleteIndex(new DeleteIndexRequest(index))); if (!response.Acknowledged&&alias.Records.Any())
{
return "索引与别名关系移除失败!" + response.ServerError.Error.Reason;
} return "索引与别名关系移除成功!";
} /// <summary>
/// 切换索引别名
/// </summary>
public string ChangeIndexAliase(string newIndexName)
{
//1 创建新的索引后,将别名指向的索引改为新索引名
var alias = EsClient.CatAliases(new CatAliasesRequest(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName)); BulkAliasDescriptor aliasDescriptor = new BulkAliasDescriptor(); foreach (var record in alias.Records)
{
aliasDescriptor.Add(new AliasRemoveDescriptor().Index(record.Index).Alias(record.Alias));
} aliasDescriptor.Add(new AliasAddDescriptor().Alias(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName).Index(newIndexName));
var response = EsClient.Alias(aliasDescriptor);
if (!response.Acknowledged)
{
return "切换索引别名失败" + response.ServerError.Error.Reason;
} return string.Empty;
} /// <summary>
/// 向索引中添加数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doctorEntities"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string AddDoctorInfoToIndex(List<DoctorEntity> doctorEntities)
{ BulkRequest bulk = new BulkRequest(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName)
{
Operations = new List<IBulkOperation>()
};
foreach (var doctorEntity in doctorEntities)
{
bulk.Operations.Add(new BulkIndexOperation<DoctorEntity>(doctorEntity));
} var response = EsClient.Bulk(bulk);
if (response.Errors)
{
return "添加索引数据失败" + response.Items.First().Error;
} return "添加索引数据成功!";
} /// <summary>
/// 更新索引数据
/// </summary>
public string UpdateDoctorInfoToIndex(List<DoctorEntity> doctorEntities)
{
var bulk = new BulkRequest(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName)
{
Operations = new List<IBulkOperation>()
};
BulkUpdateDescriptor<DoctorEntity, PartialDoctorEntity> updateDescriptor = new BulkUpdateDescriptor<DoctorEntity, PartialDoctorEntity>(); foreach (var doctorEntity in doctorEntities)
{
var updatedescript = updateDescriptor.IdFrom(doctorEntity)//会自动推断出document的id
.Doc(PartialDoctorEntity.Generate(doctorEntity))
.Upsert(doctorEntity)
.RetriesOnConflict(); bulk.Operations.Add(updatedescript);
} var response = EsClient.Bulk(bulk); if (response.Errors)
{
return "更新索引数据失败" + response.ItemsWithErrors;
} return "更新索引数据成功!";
} /// <summary>
/// 删除索引中数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doctors"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string DeleteDoctorInfoToIndex(List<DoctorEntity> doctors)
{ BulkRequest bulk = new BulkRequest(ElasticSearchConfig.IndexName)
{
Operations = new List<IBulkOperation>()
}; foreach (var doctor in doctors)
{
var deleteDescript = new BulkDeleteDescriptor<DoctorEntity>().Document(doctor);
bulk.Operations.Add(deleteDescript);
} var response = EsClient.Bulk(bulk);
if (response.Errors)
{
return "删除索引数据失败" + response.Items.First().Error;
} return "删除索引数据成功";
} /// <summary>
/// 查询索引数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doctorId"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<DoctorEntity> QueryDoctors(string doctorId)
{
SearchDescriptor<DoctorEntity> searchDescriptor =new SearchDescriptor<DoctorEntity>(); searchDescriptor.Query(q => q.Term(t => t.Field("doctorId").Value(doctorId))); var result = EsClient.Search<DoctorEntity>(searchDescriptor); return result.Documents.ToList();
} public List<DoctorEntity> BuiDoctorEntities()
{
var doctorList = new List<DoctorEntity>();
string[] doctorNames = new string[] { "石霖", "陆桂香", "蔡江云", "刘玉凤", "谭志团", "贾雁平", "周琼华", "张平", "周华", "赵子龙" };
for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
{
doctorList.Add(new DoctorEntity()
{
DoctorId = "" + i,
DoctorName = doctorNames[i],
DoctorNumber = "" + i,
DepartmentNumber = "",
HospitalDepartmentId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
HospitalDepartmentName = "内科",
HospitalId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
HospitalName = "北京大学深圳医院",
HospitalNumber = "bjdxszyy",
ProfessionalDepartmentId = "" + i,
ProfessionalDepartmentName = "心胸内科",
SupplierNumber = "Thirdpart"
});
} return doctorList;
} }
示例代码
四 总结
以上只是对ElasticSearch 最简单基本的一些操作与概念,大家如果有兴趣可以继续深入了解。
GitHub 源码下载:https://github.com/ZeryZhang/ElasticSearchDemo
参考资料: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/114243.htm
https://www.elastic.co/
http://nest.azurewebsites.net/nest/search/basics.html