本文实例讲述了Android编程之电池电量信息更新的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
电池的信息,电压,温度,充电状态等等,都是由BatteryService来提供的。BatteryService是跑在system_process当中,在系统初始化的时候启动,如下
在SystemServer.java中可以看到启动BatteryService的代码:
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Log.i(TAG, "Starting Battery Service." );
BatteryService battery = new BatteryService(context);
ServiceManager.addService( "battery" , battery);
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1. 数据来源
BatteryService通过JNI(com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp)读取数据。BatteryService通过JNI注册的不仅有函数,还有变量。 如下:
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//##############在BatteryService.java中声明的变量################
private boolean mAcOnline;
private boolean mUsbOnline;
private int mBatteryStatus;
private int mBatteryHealth;
private boolean mBatteryPresent;
private int mBatteryLevel;
private int mBatteryVoltage;
private int mBatteryTemperature;
private String mBatteryTechnology;
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在BatteryService.java中声明的变量,在com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp*用,即在com_android_server_BatteryService.cpp中其实操作的也是BatteryService.java中声明的变量
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gFieldIds.mAcOnline = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mAcOnline" , "Z" );
gFieldIds.mUsbOnline = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mUsbOnline" , "Z" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryStatus = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryStatus" , "I" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryHealth = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryHealth" , "I" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryPresent = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryPresent" , "Z" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryLevel = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryLevel" , "I" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryTechnology = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryTechnology" , "Ljava/lang/String;" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryVoltage = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryVoltage" , "I" );
gFieldIds.mBatteryTemperature = env->GetFieldID(clazz, "mBatteryTemperature" , "I" );
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上面这些变量的值,对应是从下面的文件中读取的,一只文件存储一个数值。
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#define AC_ONLINE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/ac/online"
#define USB_ONLINE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/usb/online"
#define BATTERY_STATUS_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/status"
#define BATTERY_HEALTH_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/health"
#define BATTERY_PRESENT_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/present"
#define BATTERY_CAPACITY_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/capacity"
#define BATTERY_VOLTAGE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/batt_vol"
#define BATTERY_TEMPERATURE_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/batt_temp"
#define BATTERY_TECHNOLOGY_PATH "/sys/class/power_supply/battery/technology"
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Android是运行在Linux内核上面的,/sys/class/power_supply亦是Linux内核下面的目录。至于这些文件时怎么生成的,则是由Platform来控制的。
2. 数据传送
电池的这些信息是通过何种方式,被其他应用所获得的。可以想到的有两种方式,第一种,应用主动从BatteryService获得数据;第二种,BatteryService主动把数据传送给所关心的应用程序。
BatteryService采用的是第二种方式,所有的电池的信息数据是通过Intent传送出去的。在BatteryService.java中,Code如下:
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Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY);
intent.putExtra( "status" , mBatteryStatus);
intent.putExtra( "health" , mBatteryHealth);
intent.putExtra( "present" , mBatteryPresent);
intent.putExtra( "level" , mBatteryLevel);
intent.putExtra( "scale" , BATTERY_SCALE);
intent.putExtra( "icon-small" , icon);
intent.putExtra( "plugged" , mPlugType);
intent.putExtra( "voltage" , mBatteryVoltage);
intent.putExtra( "temperature" , mBatteryTemperature);
intent.putExtra( "technology" , mBatteryTechnology);
ActivityManagerNative.broadcastStickyIntent(intent, null );
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3. 数据接收
应用如果想要接收到BatteryService发送出来的电池信息,则需要注册一个Intent为Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED的BroadcastReceiver。
注册方法如下:
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IntentFilter mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();
mIntentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);
registerReceiver(mIntentReceiver, mIntentFilter);
private BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String action = intent.getAction();
if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED)) {
int nVoltage = intent.getIntExtra( "voltage" , 0 );
if (nVoltage!= 0 ){
mVoltage.setText( "V: " + nVoltage + "mV - Success..." );
}
else {
mVoltage.setText( "V: " + nVoltage + "mV - fail..." );
}
}
}
};
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4. 数据更新
电池的信息会随着时间不停变化,自然地,就需要考虑如何实时的更新电池的数据信息。在BatteryService启动的时候,会同时通过UEventObserver启动一个onUEvent Thread。
每一个Process最多只能有一个onUEvent Thread,即使这个Process中有多个UEventObserver的实例。当在一个Process中,第一次Call startObserving()方法后,这个UEvent thread就启动了。
而一旦这个UEvent thread启动之后,就不会停止。
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//在BatteryService.java中
mUEventObserver.startObserving( "SUBSYSTEM=power_supply" );
private UEventObserver mUEventObserver = new UEventObserver() {
@Override
public void onUEvent(UEventObserver.UEvent event) {
update();
}
};
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在UEvent thread中会不停调用 update()方法,来更新电池的信息数据。
希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。