一个bug引发的linux smp 血案（二）

http://blog.chinaunix.net/xmlrpc.php?r=blog/article&uid=25171069&id=3212735

前一篇文章分析了，cpu1在on and off切换过程中出现softlockup，将触发watchdog reset， 解决方案是禁止抢占，今天分析linux smp相关的另一个bug，log如下：

环境如下：高通芯片平台（双核）， linux 3.0 version

<3>[ 34.570251,0] mdm6600_ctrl: modem already powered down.
<0>[ 34.587890,0] Restarting system with command ''.
<2>[ 34.609497,1] CPU1: stopping
...
...
<3>[ 81.664855,0] BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 42s! [qe:153]
<4>[ 81.671112,0] Modules linked in: vpnclient btwilink wl12xx mac80211 cfg80211 compat evfwd
<4>[ 81.671112,0] 
<4>[ 81.682312,0] Pid: 153, comm: qe
<3>[ 81.687469,0] GIC mask = 90, Priority of IRQ(4~7) = a080a0a0
<4>[ 81.687469,0] CPU: 0 Tainted: G W (3.0.8-eng-g4a0bba0 #1)
<4>[ 81.687469,0] PC is at generic_exec_single+0x78/0x9c
<4>[ 81.705963,0] LR is at arch_send_call_function_single_ipi+0x3c/0x40
<4>[ 81.705963,0] pc : [<c00e3a1c>] lr : [<c005f6e4>] psr: 20000013
<4>[ 81.712738,0] sp : de889d10 ip : de889d00 fp : de889d3c
<4>[ 81.712738,0] r10: 00000001 r9 : c1403d48 r8 : 013b1000
<4>[ 81.725463,0] r7 : c1403d40 r6 : 00000001 r5 : c1403d40 r4 : de889d54
<4>[ 81.725463,0] r3 : 00000001 r2 : fa241000 r1 : 00000005 r0 : c06eed1c
...
...
<4>[ 82.652008,0] [<c005b9c4>] (show_regs+0x0/0x50) from [<c00f5d40>] (watchdog_timer_fn+0x174/0x1c8)
<4>[ 82.652008,0] r5:de888000 r4:c0051a64
<4>[ 82.675384,0] [<c00f5bcc>] (watchdog_timer_fn+0x0/0x1c8) from [<c00d006c>] (__run_hrtimer+0x7c/0x270)
<4>[ 82.675384,0] [<c00cfff0>] (__run_hrtimer+0x0/0x270) from [<c00d0514>] (hrtimer_interrupt+0x108/0x32c)
<4>[ 82.675384,0] [<c00d040c>] (hrtimer_interrupt+0x0/0x32c) from [<c00535c0>] (do_local_timer+0xac/0xd0)
<4>[ 82.675384,0] [<c0053514>] (do_local_timer+0x0/0xd0) from [<c005a008>] (__irq_svc+0x48/0xe4)
<4>[ 82.675384,0] Exception stack(0xde889cc8 to 0xde889d10)
<4>[ 82.719818,0] 9cc0: c06eed1c 00000005 fa241000 00000001 de889d54 c1403d40
<4>[ 82.719818,0] 9ce0: 00000001 c1403d40 013b1000 c1403d48 00000001 de889d3c de889d00 de889d10
<4>[ 82.719818,0] 9d00: c005f6e4 c00e3a1c 20000013 ffffffff
<4>[ 82.719818,0] r9:de888000 r8:00000003 r7:00000004 r6:0000001d r5:fa240100
<4>[ 82.750823,0] r4:ffffffff
<4>[ 82.750823,0] [<c00e39a4>] (generic_exec_single+0x0/0x9c) from [<c00e3ea8>] (smp_call_function_single+0x27c/0x2a4)
<4>[ 82.754058,0] [<c00e3c2c>] (smp_call_function_single+0x0/0x2a4) from [<c00e4160>] (smp_call_function_many+0x290/0x2e8)
<4>[ 82.754058,0] [<c00e3ed0>] (smp_call_function_many+0x0/0x2e8) from [<c00e41fc>] (smp_call_function+0x44/0x70)
<4>[ 82.776611,0] [<c00e41b8>] (smp_call_function+0x0/0x70) from [<c00e4258>] (on_each_cpu+0x30/0xe8)
<4>[ 82.776611,0] r5:c018c44c r4:de888000
<4>[ 82.776611,0] [<c00e4228>] (on_each_cpu+0x0/0xe8) from [<c018c0e0>] (invalidate_bh_lrus+0x20/0x24)
<4>[ 82.810516,0] [<c018c0c0>] (invalidate_bh_lrus+0x0/0x24) from [<c0192ce0>] (kill_bdev+0x28/0x40)
<4>[ 82.810516,0] [<c0192cb8>] (kill_bdev+0x0/0x40) from [<c0193b28>] (__blkdev_put+0x68/0x180)
<4>[ 82.810516,0] r5:00000000 r4:df402a80

这个bug出现在当tester执行adb reboot（android system）重启设备时，出现死锁，panic现场如下：

<3>[ 81.664855,0] BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 42s! [qe:153]
<4>[ 81.671112,0] Modules linked in: vpnclient btwilink wl12xx mac80211 cfg80211 compat evfwd
<4>[ 81.671112,0] 
<4>[ 81.682312,0] Pid: 153, comm: qe
<3>[ 81.687469,0] GIC mask = 90, Priority of IRQ(4~7) = a080a0a0
<4>[ 81.687469,0] CPU: 0 Tainted: G W (3.0.8-eng-g4a0bba0 #1)
<4>[ 81.687469,0] PC is at generic_exec_single+0x78/0x9c
<4>[ 81.705963,0] LR is at arch_send_call_function_single_ipi+0x3c/0x40
<4>[ 81.705963,0] pc : [<c00e3a1c>] lr : [<c005f6e4>] psr: 20000013
<4>[ 81.712738,0] sp : de889d10 ip : de889d00 fp : de889d3c
<4>[ 81.712738,0] r10: 00000001 r9 : c1403d48 r8 : 013b1000
<4>[ 81.725463,0] r7 : c1403d40 r6 : 00000001 r5 : c1403d40 r4 : de889d54
<4>[ 81.725463,0] r3 : 00000001 r2 : fa241000 r1 : 00000005 r0 : c06eed1c

=============================================================================================

panic 现场PC 指向  generic_exec_single，首先分析关机流程：

kernel_restart -->

machine_restart -->

machine_shutdown-->

smp_send_stop-->

看smp_send_stop的实现：

void smp_send_stop(void)

{

cpumask_t mask = cpu_online_map;

cpu_clear(smp_processor_id(), mask);

send_ipi_message(&mask, IPI_CPU_STOP);

}

这里cpu0 会send  IPI_CPU_STOP中断给cpu1。

cpu1 接收到IPI_CPU_STOP中断之后会有什么样子的运行流程呢？

arch/arm/kernel/smp.c

do_IPI-->

handle_IPI

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. void handle_IPI(int ipinr, struct pt_regs *regs)
   
2. {
   
3.         unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
   
4.         struct pt_regs *old_regs = set_irq_regs(regs);
   
5. 
   
6.         if (ipinr >= IPI_CPU_START && ipinr < IPI_CPU_START + NR_IPI)
   
7.                 __inc_irq_stat(cpu, ipi_irqs[ipinr - IPI_CPU_START]);
   
8. 
   
9.         switch (ipinr) {
   
10.         case IPI_CPU_START:
    
11.                 /* Wake up from WFI/WFE using SGI */
    
12.                 break;
    
13.         case IPI_TIMER:
14.                 ipi_timer();
15.                 break;
    
16. 
    
17.         case IPI_RESCHEDULE:
    
18.                 scheduler_ipi();
    
19.                 break;
    
20. 
    
21.         case IPI_CALL_FUNC:
22.                 generic_smp_call_function_interrupt();
23.                 break;
    
24. 
    
25.         case IPI_CALL_FUNC_SINGLE:
26.                 generic_smp_call_function_single_interrupt();
27.                 break;
    
28. 
    
29.         case IPI_CPU_STOP:  <===走这个分支
30.                 ipi_cpu_stop(cpu);
31.                 break;
    
32. 
    
33.         case IPI_CPU_BACKTRACE:
    
34.                 ipi_cpu_backtrace(cpu, regs);
    
35.                 break;
    
36. 
    
37.         default:
    
38.                 printk(KERN_CRIT "CPU%u: Unknown IPI message 0x%x\n",
    
39.                        cpu, ipinr);
    
40.                 break;
    
41.         }
    
42.         set_irq_regs(old_regs);
    
43. }

调用ipi_cpu_stop

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. static void ipi_cpu_stop(unsigned int cpu)
   
2. {
   
3.         if (system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING ||
   
4.             system_state == SYSTEM_RUNNING) {
   
5.                 raw_spin_lock(&stop_lock);
   
6.                 printk(KERN_CRIT "CPU%u: stopping\n", cpu);
   
7.                 dump_stack();
   
8.                 raw_spin_unlock(&stop_lock);
   
9.         }
   
10. 
    
11.         set_cpu_online(cpu, false);
    
12. 
    
13.         local_fiq_disable();
    
14.         local_irq_disable();
    
15. 
    
16.         while (1)
    
17.                 cpu_relax();
    
18. }

这个函数做三件事情：

1.  设置cpu online状态为 off

2.  禁fiq

3.  禁irq

然后就让cpu 进入一个死循环。

这里看似都没有什么问题，但是假设在cpu0 send IPI_CPU_STOP之后， cpu1开始停止，同时cpu0 又发出一个ipi function call给cpu1（在cpu1更新online状态之前）， 但是这时cpu1已经关中断了，不再响应ipi中断了，那么会造成cpu0死等cpu1去完成ipi，就形成了死锁，等的过程如下：

smp_call_function -->

smp_call_function_many-->

smp_call_function_single-->

generic_exec_single

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. void generic_exec_single(int cpu, struct call_single_data *data, int wait)
   
2. {
   
3.     struct call_single_queue *dst = &per_cpu(call_single_queue, cpu);
   
4.     unsigned long flags;
   
5.     int ipi;
   
6. 
   
7.     raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dst->lock, flags);
   
8.     ipi = list_empty(&dst->list);
   
9.     list_add_tail(&data->list, &dst->list);
   
10.     raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dst->lock, flags);
    
11. 
    
12.     /*
    
13.      * The list addition should be visible before sending the IPI
    
14.      * handler locks the list to pull the entry off it because of
    
15.      * normal cache coherency rules implied by spinlocks.
    
16.      *
    
17.      * If IPIs can go out of order to the cache coherency protocol
    
18.      * in an architecture, sufficient synchronisation should be added
    
19.      * to arch code to make it appear to obey cache coherency WRT
    
20.      * locking and barrier primitives. Generic code isn't really
    
21.      * equipped to do the right thing...
    
22.      */
    
23.     if (ipi)
    
24.         arch_send_call_function_single_ipi(cpu);
    
25. 
    
26.     if (wait)  <===这里就是等的动作，实际上也可以不等，这个wait标志会在struct call_single_data *data这个data结构里面设置，如果设置了，那么就会等待ipi返回，如果没设，就不用等。
27.         csd_lock_wait(data);
    
28. }

看看csd_lock_wait实现如下：

static void csd_lock_wait(struct call_single_data *data)

{

while (data->flags & CSD_FLAG_LOCK)

cpu_relax();

}

就是上面说的标志位有没有设在csd结构体中，这里有设置，所以会死等。

解决方案是，在machine_restart中禁掉中断、不让其发第二次ipi中断

--- a/arch/arm/kernel/process.c

+++ b/arch/arm/kernel/process.c

@@ -291,6 +291,7 @@ void machine_power_off(void)

 

 void machine_restart(char *cmd)

 {

+       local_irq_disable();

        machine_shutdown();

        arm_pm_restart(reboot_mode, cmd);

 }