我应该如何在case语句中使用完全关键字匹配作为条件？

I was trying to write myself some handy scripts in order to legitimately slacking off work more efficiently, and this question suddenly popped up:

我试图给自己写一些方便的脚本，以便更有效地合法地放松工作，这个问题突然出现了：

Given a very long string $LONGEST_EVER_STRING and several keywords strings like $A='foo bar' , $B='omg bbq' and $C='stack overflow'

给定一个非常长的字符串$ LONGEST_EVER_STRING和几个关键字字符串，如$ A ='foo bar'，$ B ='omg bbq'和$ C ='堆栈溢出'

How should I use exact keyword matching as a condition in the case statement?

我应该如何在case语句中使用完全关键字匹配作为条件？

for word in $LONGEST_EVER_STRING; do
  case $word in
    any exact match in $A) do something ;;
    any exact match in $B) do something ;;
    any exact match in $C) do something ;;
    *)  do something else;;
  esac
done

I know I can write in this way but it looks really ugly:

我知道我可以这样写，但看起来很难看：

for word in $LONGEST_EVER_STRING; do
  if [[ -n $(echo $A | fgrep -w $word) ]]; then
    do something;
  elif [[ -n $(echo $B | fgrep -w $word) ]]; then
    do something;
  elif [[ -n $(echo $C | fgrep -w $word) ]]; then
    do something;
  else
    do something else;
  fi
done

Does anyone have an elegant solution? Many thanks!

有人有优雅的解决方案吗？非常感谢！

3 个解决方案

#1

You could use a function to do a little transform in your A, B, C variables and then:

您可以使用函数在A，B，C变量中进行一些变换，然后：

shopt -s extglob
Ax="+(foo|bar)"
Bx="+(omg|bbq)"
Cx="+(stack|overflow)"
for word in $LONGEST_EVER_STRING; do
  case $word in
    $Ax) do something ;;
    $Bx) do something ;;
    $Cx) do something ;;
    *)  do something else;;
  esac
done

#2

I would just define a function for this. It'll be slower than grep for large wordlists, but faster than starting up grep many times.

我只想为此定义一个函数。对于大型单词列表，它会比grep慢，但比启动grep多次快。

##
# Success if the first arg is one of the later args.
has() {
  [[ $1 = $2 ]] || {
    [[ $3 ]] && has "$1" "${@:3}"
  }
}

$ has a b c && echo t || echo f
f
$ has a b c a d e f && echo t || echo f
t

#3

A variation on /etc/bashrc's "pathmunge"

/ etc / bashrc的“pathmunge”的变体

for word in $LONGEST_EVER_STRING; do
    found_word=false
    for list in " $A " " $B " " $C "; do
        if [[ $list == *" $word "* ]]; then 
            found_word=true
            stuff with $list and $word
            break
        fi
    done
    $found_word || stuff when not found
done