本文实例讲述了PHP实现生成带背景的图形验证码功能。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
以前我们利用php生成的都是无背景或同一色彩背景的验证码了,但这种验证容易给机器识别了,这里就来介绍一些生成带背景的图形验证码实例.
1、产生一张png的图片,
2、为图片设置背景色,
3、设置字体颜色和样式,
4、产生4位数的随机的验证码,
5、把产生的每个字符调整旋转角度和位置画到png图片上,
6、加入噪点和干扰线防止注册机器分析原图片来恶意注册,
7、输出图片,
8、释放图片所占内存
authcode.php文件,代码如下:
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<?php
session_start ();
header ( 'Content-type: image/png' );
//创建图片
$im = imagecreate( $x =130, $y =45 );
$bg = imagecolorallocate( $im ,rand(50,200),rand(0,155),rand(0,155)); //第一次对 imagecolorallocate() 的调用会给基于调色板的图像填充背景色
$fontColor = imageColorAllocate ( $im , 255, 255, 255 ); //字体颜色
$fontstyle = 'rock.ttf' ; //字体样式,这个可以从c:windowsFonts文件夹下找到,我把它放到和authcode.php文件同一个目录,这里可以替换其他的字体样式
//产生随机字符
for ( $i = 0; $i < 4; $i ++) {
$randAsciiNumArray = array (rand(48,57),rand(65,90));
$randAsciiNum = $randAsciiNumArray [rand ( 0, 1 )];
$randStr = chr ( $randAsciiNum );
imagettftext( $im ,30,rand(0,20)-rand(0,25),5+ $i *30,rand(30,35), $fontColor , $fontstyle , $randStr );
$authcode .= $randStr ;
}
$_SESSION [ 'authcode' ] = $randFourStr ; //用户和用户输入的验证码做比较
//干扰线
for ( $i =0; $i <8; $i ++){
$lineColor = imagecolorallocate( $im ,rand(0,255),rand(0,255),rand(0,255));
imageline ( $im ,rand(0, $x ),0,rand(0, $x ), $y , $lineColor );
}
//干扰点
for ( $i =0; $i <250; $i ++){
imagesetpixel( $im ,rand(0, $x ),rand(0, $y ), $fontColor );
}
imagepng( $im );
imagedestroy( $im );
?>
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例2,新建一个PHP文件captcha_code_file.php,代码如下:
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//首先开启session
session_start();
//定义前台显示验证码长&宽
$image_width = 120;
$image_height = 40;
$characters_on_image = 6;
$font = './monofont.ttf' ;
//The characters that can be used in the CAPTCHA code.
//avoid confusing characters (l 1 and i for example)
$possible_letters = '23456789bcdfghjkmnpqrstvwxyz' ;
$random_dots = 10;
$random_lines = 30;
$captcha_text_color = "0x142864" ;
$captcha_noice_color = "0x142864" ;
//定义要生成验证码的字符串
$code = '' ;
$i = 0;
while ( $i < $characters_on_image ) {
$code .= substr ( $possible_letters , mt_rand(0, strlen ( $possible_letters )-1), 1);
$i ++;
}
$font_size = $image_height * 0.75;
$image = @imagecreate( $image_width , $image_height );
/* setting the background, text and noise colours here */
$background_color = imagecolorallocate( $image , 255, 255, 255);
$arr_text_color = hexrgb( $captcha_text_color );
$text_color = imagecolorallocate( $image , $arr_text_color [ 'red' ],
$arr_text_color [ 'green' ], $arr_text_color [ 'blue' ]);
$arr_noice_color = hexrgb( $captcha_noice_color );
$image_noise_color = imagecolorallocate( $image , $arr_noice_color [ 'red' ],
$arr_noice_color [ 'green' ], $arr_noice_color [ 'blue' ]);
/* generating the dots randomly in background */
for ( $i =0; $i < $random_dots ; $i ++ ) {
imagefilledellipse( $image , mt_rand(0, $image_width ),
mt_rand(0, $image_height ), 2, 3, $image_noise_color );
}
/* generating lines randomly in background of image */
for ( $i =0; $i < $random_lines ; $i ++ ) {
imageline( $image , mt_rand(0, $image_width ), mt_rand(0, $image_height ),
mt_rand(0, $image_width ), mt_rand(0, $image_height ), $image_noise_color );
}
/* create a text box and add 6 letters code in it */
$textbox = imagettfbbox( $font_size , 0, $font , $code );
$x = ( $image_width - $textbox [4])/2;
$y = ( $image_height - $textbox [5])/2;
imagettftext( $image , $font_size , 0, $x , $y , $text_color , $font , $code );
/* Show captcha image in the page html page */
header( 'Content-Type: image/jpeg' ); // defining the image type to be shown in browser widow
imagejpeg( $image ); //showing the image
imagedestroy( $image ); //destroying the image instance
//设置session,做验证
$_SESSION [ '6_letters_code' ] = $code ;
function hexrgb ( $hexstr )
{
$int = hexdec( $hexstr );
return array ( "red" => 0xFF & ( $int >> 0x10),
"green" => 0xFF & ( $int >> 0x8),
"blue" => 0xFF & $int );
}
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显示验证码页面index.php,实例代码如下:
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<?php
session_start();
if (isset( $_REQUEST [ 'Submit' ])){
// code for check server side validation
if (emptyempty( $_SESSION [ '6_letters_code' ] ) ||
strcasecmp ( $_SESSION [ '6_letters_code' ], $_POST [ '6_letters_code' ]) != 0)
{
$msg = "您输入的验证码有误,请重新输入!" ;
} else {
echo "您输入的是正确的!" ;
// Captcha verification is Correct. Final Code Execute here!
}
}
?>
<style type= "text/css" >
.table{
font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#333;
background-color:#E4E4E4;
}
.table td{
background-color:#F8F8F8;
}
</style>
<form action= "" method= "post" name= "form1" id= "form1" >
<table width= "400" border= "0" align= "center" cellpadding= "5" cellspacing= "1" >
<?php if (isset( $msg )){?>
<tr>
<td colspan= "2" align= "center" valign= "top" ><?php echo $msg ;?></td>
</tr>
<?php } ?>
<tr>
<td align= "right" valign= "top" > 验证码Demo:</td>
<td><img src= "captcha_code_file.php?rand=<?php echo rand(0,20);?>" id= 'captchaimg' onclick= "refreshCaptcha();" ><br>
<label for = 'message' >请输入验证码:</label>
<br>
<input id= "6_letters_code" name= "6_letters_code" type= "text" >
<br>
如果看不到,请 <a href= 'javascript: refreshCaptcha();' >点我</a> 刷新一下!
</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><input name= "Submit" type= "submit" onclick= "return validate();" value= "Submit" ></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<script type= 'text/javascript' >
//定义的刷新请求
function refreshCaptcha()
{
var img = document.images[ 'captchaimg' ];
img.src = img.src.substring(0,img.src.lastIndexOf( "?" ))+ "?rand=" +Math.random()*1000;
}
</script>
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例3,带有雪花背景的验证码,代码如下:
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<?session_start();?>
<FORM METHOD=POST ACTION= "" >
<input type=text name=number maxlength=4><img src= "YanZhengMa.php?act=init" >
<INPUT TYPE= "submit" name= "sub" >
</FORM>
<?
//检验校验码
if (isset( $HTTP_POST_VARS [ "sub" ])):
if ( $HTTP_POST_VARS [ "number" ] != $HTTP_SESSION_VARS [login_check_number] || emptyempty( $HTTP_POST_VARS [ "number" ])){
echo "校验码不正确!" ;
} else {
echo "验证码通过!" ;
}
endif ;
show_source( 'test.php' );
//以上本页的源码
//以下是生成验证码的源码
show_source( 'YanZhengMa.php' );
?>
<?php
session_start();
session_register( "login_check_number" );
//昨晚看到了chianren上的验证码效果,就考虑了一下,用PHP的GD库完成了类似功能
//先成生背景,再把生成的验证码放上去
$img_height =120; //先定义图片的长、宽
$img_width =40;
if ( $HTTP_GET_VARS [ "act" ]== "init" ){
//srand(microtime() * 100000);//PHP420后,srand不是必须的
for ( $Tmpa =0; $Tmpa <4; $Tmpa ++){
$nmsg .= dechex (rand(0,15));
} //by sports98
$HTTP_SESSION_VARS [login_check_number] = $nmsg ;
//$HTTP_SESSION_VARS[login_check_number] = strval(mt_rand("1111","9999")); //生成4位的随机数,放入session中
//谁能做下补充,可以同时生成字母和数字啊??----由sports98完成了
$aimg = imageCreate( $img_height , $img_width ); //生成图片
ImageColorAllocate( $aimg , 255,255,255); //图片底色,ImageColorAllocate第1次定义颜色PHP就认为是底色了
$black = ImageColorAllocate( $aimg , 0,0,0); //定义需要的黑色
ImageRectangle( $aimg ,0,0, $img_height -1, $img_width -1, $black ); //先成一黑色的矩形把图片包围
//下面该生成雪花背景了,其实就是在图片上生成一些符号
for ( $i =1; $i <=100; $i ++) { //先用100个做测试
imageString( $aimg ,1,mt_rand(1, $img_height ),mt_rand(1, $img_width ), "*" ,imageColorAllocate( $aimg ,mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255),mt_rand(200,255)));
//哈,看到了吧,其实也不是雪花,就是生成*号而已。为了使它们看起来"杂乱无章、5颜6色",就得在1个1个生成它们的时候,让它们的位置、颜色,甚至大小都用随机数,rand()或mt_rand都可以完成。
}
//上面生成了背景,现在就该把已经生成的随机数放上来了。道理和上面差不多,随机数1个1个地放,同时让他们的位置、大小、颜色都用成随机数~~
//为了区别于背景,这里的颜色不超过200,上面的不小于200
for ( $i =0; $i < strlen ( $HTTP_SESSION_VARS [login_check_number]); $i ++){
imageString( $aimg , mt_rand(3,5), $i * $img_height /4+mt_rand(1,10),mt_rand(1, $img_width /2), $HTTP_SESSION_VARS [login_check_number][ $i ],imageColorAllocate( $aimg ,mt_rand(0,100),mt_rand(0,150),mt_rand(0,200)));
}
Header( "Content-type: image/png" ); //告诉浏览器,下面的数据是图片,而不要按文字显示
ImagePng( $aimg ); //生成png格式。。。嘿嘿效果蛮像回事的嘛。。。
ImageDestroy( $aimg );
}
?>
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希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。