- 以下为异常捕捉处理代码:
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.PrintWriter;
- import java.io.StringWriter;
- import java.io.Writer;
- import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
- import java.lang.reflect.Field;
- import java.text.DateFormat;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
- import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
- import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
- import android.os.Build;
- import android.os.Environment;
- import android.os.Looper;
- import android.util.Log;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- /**
- * UncaughtException处理类,当程序发生Uncaught异常的时候,有该类来接管程序,并记录发送错误报告.
- *
- * 需要在Application中注册,为了要在程序启动器就监控整个程序。
- */
- public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {
- public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";
- //系统默认的UncaughtException处理类
- private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
- //CrashHandler实例
- private static CrashHandler instance;
- //程序的Context对象
- private Context mContext;
- //用来存储设备信息和异常信息
- private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();
- //用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分
- private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");
- /** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */
- private CrashHandler() {}
- /** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */
- public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
- if(instance == null)
- instance = new CrashHandler();
- return instance;
- }
- /**
- * 初始化
- */
- public void init(Context context) {
- mContext = context;
- //获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器
- mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
- //设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器
- Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
- }
- /**
- * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理
- */
- @Override
- public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
- if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {
- //如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理
- mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
- } else {
- try {
- Thread.sleep(3000);
- } catch (InterruptedException e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);
- }
- //退出程序
- android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
- System.exit(1);
- }
- }
- /**
- * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.
- *
- * @param ex
- * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.
- */
- private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {
- if (ex == null) {
- return false;
- }
- //收集设备参数信息
- collectDeviceInfo(mContext);
- //使用Toast来显示异常信息
- new Thread() {
- @Override
- public void run() {
- Looper.prepare();
- Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出现异常,即将退出.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- Looper.loop();
- }
- }.start();
- //保存日志文件
- saveCatchInfo2File(ex);
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 收集设备参数信息
- * @param ctx
- */
- public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {
- try {
- PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();
- PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
- if (pi != null) {
- String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;
- String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";
- infos.put("versionName", versionName);
- infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);
- }
- } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);
- }
- Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();
- for (Field field : fields) {
- try {
- field.setAccessible(true);
- infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
- Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * 保存错误信息到文件中
- *
- * @param ex
- * @return 返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器
- */
- private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) {
- StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {
- String key = entry.getKey();
- String value = entry.getValue();
- sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");
- }
- Writer writer = new StringWriter();
- PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);
- ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);
- Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
- while (cause != null) {
- cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);
- cause = cause.getCause();
- }
- printWriter.close();
- String result = writer.toString();
- sb.append(result);
- try {
- long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
- String time = formatter.format(new Date());
- String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";
- if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
- String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/";
- File dir = new File(path);
- if (!dir.exists()) {
- dir.mkdirs();
- }
- FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
- fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());
- //发送给开发人员
- sendCrashLog2PM(path+fileName);
- fos.close();
- }
- return fileName;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 将捕获的导致崩溃的错误信息发送给开发人员
- *
- * 目前只将log日志保存在sdcard 和输出到LogCat中,并未发送给后台。
- */
- private void sendCrashLog2PM(String fileName){
- if(!new File(fileName).exists()){
- Toast.makeText(mContext, "日志文件不存在!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- return;
- }
- FileInputStream fis = null;
- BufferedReader reader = null;
- String s = null;
- try {
- fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);
- reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK"));
- while(true){
- s = reader.readLine();
- if(s == null) break;
- //由于目前尚未确定以何种方式发送,所以先打出log日志。
- Log.i("info", s.toString());
- }
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }finally{ // 关闭流
- try {
- reader.close();
- fis.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
针对异常的捕捉要进行全局监控整个项目,所以要将其在Application中注册(也就是初始化):
- import android.app.Application;
- public class CrashApplication extends Application {
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- super.onCreate();
- CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();
- catchHandler.init(getApplicationContext());
- }
- }
现在模拟一个空指针异常:
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- public class CatchExceptionLogActivity extends Activity {
- /** Called when the activity is first created. */
- private String s;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- System.out.println(s.equals("hello")); // s没有进行赋值,所以会出现NullPointException异常
- }
- }
别忘了在配置文件中对Application进行注册:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- package="com.forms.catchlog"
- android:versionCode="1"
- android:versionName="1.0" >
- <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
- <application
- android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
- android:label="@string/app_name"
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">android:name=".CrashApplication"></span>
- <activity
- android:label="@string/app_name"
- android:name=".CatchExceptionLogActivity" >
- <intent-filter >
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- </application>
- </manifest>
添加异常捕获之后的日志提示
由于Android设备各异,第三方定制的Android系统也非常多,我们不可能对所有的设备场景都进行测试,因而开发一款完全无bug的应用几乎是不可能的任务,那么当应用在用户的设备上Force Close时,我们是不是可以捕获这个错误,记录用户的设备信息,然后让用户选择是否反馈这些堆栈信息,通过这种bug反馈方式,我们可以有针对性地对bug进行修复。
当我们的的应用由于运行时异常导致Force Close的时候,可以设置主线程的UncaughtExceptionHandler,实现捕获运行时异常的堆栈信息。同时用户可以把堆栈信息通过发送邮件的方式反馈给我们。下面是实现的代码:
代码下载请按此
例子:点击按钮后,会触发一个NullPointerException的运行时异常,这个例子实现了捕获运行时异常,发送邮件反馈设备和堆栈信息的功能。
界面1(触发运行时异常)
界面2(发送堆栈信息)
TestActivity.java
view plain
package com.zhuozhuo;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class TestActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new UncaughtExceptionHandler() {//给主线程设置一个处理运行时异常的handler
@Override
public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, final Throwable ex) {
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
ex.printStackTrace(pw);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("Version code is ");
sb.append(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT + "\n");//设备的Android版本号
sb.append("Model is ");
sb.append(Build.MODEL+"\n");//设备型号
sb.append(sw.toString());
Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
sendIntent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:csdn@csdn.com"));//发送邮件异常到csdn@csdn.com邮箱
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "bug report");//邮件主题
sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, sb.toString());//堆栈信息
startActivity(sendIntent);
finish();
}
});
findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Integer a = null;
a.toString();//触发nullpointer运行时错误
}
});
}
}
main.xml
view plain
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" />
<EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:text="点击按钮触发运行时异常" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="top"></EditText>
<Button android:text="按钮" android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"></Button>
</LinearLayout>