一、新建一个html页面,如注册页面"Register.htm"
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html >
<head>
<title>用户注册</title>
<meta charset= "utf-8" />
<style type= "text/css" >
.msg
{
color:Red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!--
因为是ajax提交,html表单控件可以不必放在form里,且不能使用提交按纽(type= "submit" ),而使用普通按纽(type= "button" )
-->
用户名:<input type= "text" name= "id" id= "id" /><span id= "idMsg" class= "msg" ></span><br /> <!-- span用来显示错误信息 -->
密 码:<input type= "password" name= "pwd" id= "pwd" /><span id= "pwdMsg" class= "msg" ></span><br />
姓 名:<input type= "text" name= "name" id= "xm" /><span id= "nameMsg" class= "msg" ></span><br />
<input id= "btnReg" type= "button" value= "注册" />
<script type= "text/javascript" src= "bootstrap/js/jquery.js" >
</script>
<script src= "reg.js" type= "text/javascript" ></script>
</body>
</html>
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二、新建一js文件,如:reg.js
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$( function () {
//定义清除错误信息的函数
function clearMsg() {
$( ".msg" ).html( "" );
}
//定义获取表单数据的函数,注意返回json对象
function formData() {
return {
id: $( "#id" ).val(),
pwd: $( "#pwd" ).val(),
name: $( "#xm" ).val()
};
}
//定义注册功能的函数
function reg() {
var url = "Register.ashx" ;
var data = formData();
clearMsg();
$.ajax({
type: 'GET' , //自动会把json对象转换为查询字符串附在url后面如:http://localhost:49521/Register.ashx?id=a&pwd=b&name=c
url: url,
dataType: 'json' , //要求服务器返回一个json类型的数据,如:{"success":true,"message":"注册成功"}
contentType: 'application/json' , //发送信息给服务器时,内容编码的类型
data: data, //提交给服务器的数据,直接使用json对象的数据,如:{"id":"a","pwd":"b","name":"c"} (如果要求json格式的字符串,可使用用JSON.stringify(data))
success: function (responseData) { //如果响应成功(即200)
if (responseData.success == true ) { //responseData也是json格式,如:{"success":true,"message":"注册成功"}
alert(responseData.message);
} else {
var msgs = responseData.msgs; //msgs对象是一个数组,如下所示:
//{"success":false,"message":"注册失败","msgs":[{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."},{"id":"nameMsg","message":"姓名不能为空."}]}
for ( var i = 0; i < msgs.length; i++) {
$( '#' + msgs[i].id).html(msgs[i].message);
}
}
},
error: function () {
//要求为Function类型的参数,请求失败时被调用的函数。该函数有3个参数,即XMLHttpRequest对象、错误信息、捕获的错误对象(可选)。ajax事件函数如下:
//function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown){
//通常情况下textStatus和errorThrown只有其中一个包含信息
//this; //调用本次ajax请求时传递的options参数
alert(arguments[1]);
}
}); //ajax
}
//定义一个初始化函数
function init() {
$( "#btnReg" ).click( function () {
reg();
});
}
//调用初始化函数
init();
});
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三、处理ajax请求
方法一:手动拼接json字符串
新建一般处理程序,如:Register.ashx
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using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace WebLogin
{
/// <summary>
/// $codebehindclassname$ 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/" )]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
public class Register1 : IHttpHandler
{
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "application/json" ; //设置响应内容的格式是json格式
string id = context.Request[ "id" ];
string pwd = context.Request[ "pwd" ];
string name = context.Request[ "name" ];
List<string> msgList = new List<string>();
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id))
{
msgList.Add( "{\"id\":\"idMsg\",\"message\":\"用户名不能为空.\"}" );
}
if (pwd== null || pwd== "" )
{
msgList.Add( "{\"id\":\"pwdMsg\",\"message\":\"密码不能为空.\"}" ); //形如:{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."}
}
if (name== null || name== "" )
{
msgList.Add( "{\"id\":\"nameMsg\",\"message\":\"姓名不能为空.\"}" );
}
string responseText = "" ;
if (msgList.Count == 0 )
{
//调用后台代码写入数据库
responseText = "{\"success\":true,\"message\":\"注册成功\"}" ;
}
else
{
string msgsValue = "" ;
for ( int i = 0 ; i < msgList.Count; i++)
{
msgsValue += msgList[i] + "," ; //将列表中的每一个字符串连接起来,用","隔开,不过最后还会多","
}
msgsValue=msgsValue.Substring( 0 , msgsValue.Length - 1 ); //去掉末尾的","
msgsValue = "[" + msgsValue + "]" ; //用"[]"括起来,如:[{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."},{"id":"nameMsg","message":"姓名不能为空."}]
responseText = "{\"success\":false,\"message\":\"注册失败\",\"msgs\":" + msgsValue + "}" ;
//最的形如:{"success":false,"message":"注册失败","msgs":[{"id":"pwdMsg","message":"密码不能为空."},{"id":"nameMsg","message":"姓名不能为空."}]}
}
context.Response.Write(responseText);
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false ;
}
}
}
}
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方法二:使用Json.NET工具来将C#对象转换json输出
1、新建信息类“Msg.cs”
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using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace WebLogin
{
public class Msg
{
private string id;
public string Id
{
get { return id; }
set { id = value; }
}
private string message;
public string Message
{
get { return message; }
set { message = value; }
}
public Msg(string id, string message)
{
this .id = id;
this .message = message;
}
}
}
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2、新建返回json对象的类“ResponseData.cs”
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using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace WebLogin
{
public class ResponseData
{
private bool success;
public bool Success
{
get { return success; }
set { success = value; }
}
private string message;
public string Message
{
get { return message; }
set { message = value; }
}
private List<Msg> msgs;
public List<Msg> Msgs
{
get { return msgs; }
set { msgs = value; }
}
public ResponseData(bool success, string message)
{
this .success = success;
this .message = message;
}
public ResponseData(bool success, string message, List<Msg> msgs)
{
this .success = success;
this .message = message;
this .msgs = msgs;
}
}
}
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3、去官网下载Json.NET,并复制引用
官网:http://www.newtonsoft.com/json
下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1nvz9JBV
下载解压后将“Newtonsoft.Json.dll”复制到项目的“bin”目录中,并引用(注意和.net版本保持一致)
4、新建一般处理程序“reg.ashx”
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using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Newtonsoft.Json; //引入
namespace WebLogin
{
/// <summary>
/// $codebehindclassname$ 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/" )]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
public class reg : IHttpHandler
{
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "application/json" ; //设置响应内容的格式是json格式
string id = context.Request[ "id" ];
string pwd = context.Request[ "pwd" ];
string name = context.Request[ "name" ];
List<Msg> msgs = new List<Msg>();
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id))
{
msgs.Add( new Msg( "idMsg" , "用户名不能为空." ));
}
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(pwd))
{
msgs.Add( new Msg( "pwdMsg" , "密码不能为空." ));
}
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
{
msgs.Add( new Msg( "nameMsg" , "姓名不能为空." ));
}
ResponseData rData;
if (msgs.Count == 0)
{
//调用注册方法,写入数据库
rData = new ResponseData( true , "注册成功." );
}
else
{
rData = new ResponseData( false , "注册失败." , msgs);
}
context.Response.Write(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(rData)); //直接调用方法将rData转换为json字符串
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false ;
}
}
}
}
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四、完成效果如图
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的ASP.NET使用Ajax返回Json对象的方法,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/beast-king/archive/2017/05/25/6903877.html