前言
本文主要介绍的是关于.NET Core单文件发布静态编译AOT CoreRT,将.NET Core应用打包成一个可执行文件并包含运行时。
支持Windows, MacOS and Linux x64 w/ RyuJIT codegen。
示例项目:
https://github.com/dotnet/corert/tree/master/samples/WebApi
下面来实际体验。
首先确保安装C++编译环境,以及.NET Core 2.0 以上版本SDK。
新建WebAPI应用
打开命令提示符,输入如下:
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dotnet new webapi -o zeroapi
cd zeroapi
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新建WebAPI应用。
添加CoreRT到项目
目前CoreRT还是alpha版,在myget上有包。
首先添加一个nuget.config
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dotnet new nuget
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然后在 <packageSources>
节点添加如下:
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< add key = "dotnet-core" value = "https://dotnet.myget.org/F/dotnet-core/api/v3/index.json" />
< add key = "nuget.org" value = "https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json" protocolVersion = "3" />
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接着添加Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler包引用:
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dotnet add package Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler -v 1.0.0-alpha-*
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替换默认services并处理反射
打开Startup.cs ,将 services.AddMvc();
替换成 services.AddMvcCore().AddJsonFormatters();
接着创建一个rd.xml 配置文件,用于反射处理运行时,确保反射程序集编译到程序中。
rd.xml配置文件如下:
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< Directives >
< Application >
< Assembly Name = "zeroapi" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServer" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.KestrelServerOptionsSetup" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Transport.Libuv.LibuvTransportOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Dynamic = "Required All" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.DefaultServiceProviderFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteExpressionBuilder" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteRuntimeResolver" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.CallSiteValidator" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsManager`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsFactory`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.KestrelServerOptions,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.OptionsMonitor`1[[Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions,Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Internal.RoutingMarkerService" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.RouterMiddleware" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.Tree.TreeRouteBuilder" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.DefaultInlineConstraintResolver" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.RouteOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json.Internal.MvcJsonMvcOptionsSetup" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.MvcJsonOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationPolicyProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.HttpContextFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting" Dynamic = "Required All" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.ApplicationLifetime" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Logger`1[[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LoggerFactory" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerOptions" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console.ConsoleLoggerProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLogger" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug.DebugLoggerProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "System.Linq.Expressions" >
< Type Name = "System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],Newtonsoft.Json]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionCreator`1[[System.Func`2[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib],[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]],System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool.DefaultObjectPoolProvider" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Newtonsoft.Json" >
< Type Name = "Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization.ObjectConstructor`1[[System.Object,System.Private.CoreLib]]" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter" >
< Type Name = "System.ComponentModel.TypeConverter" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "System.ComponentModel.StringConverter" Dynamic = "Required All" />
< Type Name = "System.ComponentModel.Int32Converter" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
< Assembly Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" >
< Type Name = "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json.JsonConfigurationSource" Dynamic = "Required All" />
</ Assembly >
</ Application >
</ Directives >
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其中如果你要替换成自己的程序,更改 <Assembly Name="zeroapi" Dynamic="Required All" />
中的Name。
打开zeroapi.csproj
在<PropertyGroup>
节点下将 <RdXmlFile>rd.xml</RdXmlFile>
加入。
接着将 <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" Version="2.0.3" />
替换成如下:
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< PackageReference Include = "Microsoft.AspNetCore" Version = "2.0.1" />
< PackageReference Include = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Core" Version = "2.0.1" />
< PackageReference Include = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Formatters.Json" Version = "2.0.1" />
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接着将 ValuesController 更改一下,确保功能正常,如下:
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public class ValuesController
{
[HttpGet( "/" )]
public string Hello() => "Hello World! LineZero AOT" ;
// GET api/values
[HttpGet( "/api/values" )]
public IEnumerable< string > Get()
{
return new string [] { "AOT" , "CoreRT" };
}
// GET api/values/5
[HttpGet( "/api/values/{id}" )]
public string Get( int id)
{
return "Your value is " + id;
}
}
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程序改造完成,接着最重要的发布。
还原并发布
发布之前,使用dotnet run 确保功能正常运行。
发布请打开 x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS 2017 ,注意一定在此命令行发布。在开始菜单找到 Visual Studio 2017,打开就能找到。
发布命令还是 dotnet publish -r <RID> -c <Configuration>
这里发布Windows 64位 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release
,初次的话会默认还原对应的包,需要一些时间。
发布完成后,打开bin\x64\release\netcoreapp2.0\win-x64\publish 文件夹,里面zeroapi.exe即为最终文件,执行即可。
可以看到最终大小为21m左右。然后访问http://localhost:5000/ 如图:
控制台Demo
新建一个控制台应用,使用AOT发布。
单纯控制台,没有反射的内容,无需要rd.xml 文件。
代码如下:
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class Program
{
static void Main( string [] args)
{
Console.WriteLine( "Hello World!" );
Console.WriteLine( "LineZero AOT Demo!" );
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
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最终 dotnet publish -r win-x64 -c release
发布
最终单个文件大小不到4m!
目前该技术还是早期版本,期待微软最终带到正式版。
GitHub:https://github.com/dotnet/corert
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对服务器之家的支持。
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/linezero/p/CoreRT.html