centos7.3下使用私有网络(我这里使用kvm自建的default1网络,网段为192.168.100.0/24)实现cobbler自动安装
拓扑图: cobbler server ------- client
192.168.100.2/24
第一步:
先安装cobbler相关软件包 (需要epel源,local源,centos163源;但因为需要用私有网络来做实验,但私有网络又不能和我的共享源连接,所以先可以使用桥接网络把下面的包装上,再换成私有网络)
# yum install cobbler cobbler-web tftp* rsync xinetd http* syslinux dhcp* pykickstart fence-agents xinetd debmirror system-config-kickstart
第二步:启动服务,并使用cobbler check查询哪些需要修改
# systemctl restart cobblerd.service
# systemctl restart httpd.service
# systemctl enable cobblerd.service
# systemctl enable httpd.service
# cobbler check
(报错基本上和rhel6.5的差不多,要看具体报错可以参考我上一篇同类型rhel6.5文章)
第三步:按照cobbler check对应的信息修改
# sed -i 272s/127.0.0.1/192.168.100.2/ /etc/cobbler/settings
# sed -i 384s/127.0.0.1/192.168.100.2/ /etc/cobbler/settings
# sed -i 242s/0/1/ /etc/cobbler/settings
# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'xcvsfdsdfwq' '123456' -- xcvsfdsdfwq 为干扰码 可以随便填
$1$xcvsfdsd$cGxdcHuQGCnu5vJw5M7zX1
# vim /etc/cobbler/settings --在101行把上面产生的密码字符串粘贴到""里替代原来的字符串
default_password_crypted: "$1$xcvsfdsd$cGxdcHuQGCnu5vJw5M7zX1"
# systemctl restart cobblerd.service
# sed -i /disable/s/yes/no/ /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# systemctl restart rsyncd.service
# systemctl enable rsyncd.service
第四步:导入centos7.3的iso镜像(镜像自行下载)
# cobbler import --path=/yum/ --name=centos7.3
# cobbler distro list --导入成功后,确认导入的镜像名
centos7.3-x86_64
# cobbler profile list --导入成功后,确认默认的profile名
centos7.3-x86_64
第五步:修改dhcp配置
# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template --在此文件的第21行到第25行修改成你对应的网段和ip
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.100.2;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.100.2;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.254;
(这里的参数的意义在上一篇同类文章rhel6.5有介绍)
第六步:使用cobbler sync同步,并启动xinetd服务
# cobbler sync
# systemctl restart xinetd.service
# systemctl enable xinetd.service
第七步:新建另一个虚拟机(保证相同私有网络,并且最好2G内存,内存小的话会在安装时报空间不够的错误),进行安装测试
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自动安装我们已经实现了,但如何自定义我们想安装的profile
重点就是你需要自定义一个ks文件
自定义ks文件的方法
1,如果你很熟悉此文件,直接拷别人的模版修改或者直接使用/root/anaconda-ks.cfg来修改
2,使用一个图形工具system-config-kickstart来帮助你配置(下面我就是使用这种方法)
# yum install system-config-kickstart
# system-config-kickstart
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo --这里有个小问题,需要把软件仓库里改成development,图形才能选择包,否则图形在选择软件包那一步看不到
[development]
name=development
baseurl=file:///yum/(你的本地yum源目录)
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
--图形的操作过程这里省略
给大家两个做好的ks.cfg文件参考:
第一个文件就是大家用来安装centos7.3宿主机的ks文件,内容如下:
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$6RbFC2nC$GBugZL7ACuGhck8DbUZgM/
# Use network installation
url --url="http://172.16.13.250/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3/"
# System language
lang en_US
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="rhgb quiet" --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=300
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4000
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=150000
part /data --fstype="xfs" --size=80000
%packages
@additional-devel
@desktop-debugging
@development
@fonts
@gnome-desktop
@input-methods
@kde-desktop
@legacy-x
@platform-devel
@remote-desktop-clients
@x11
initial-setup
initial-setup-gui
vinagre
%end
=========================================================================
# cobbler profile help --查看帮助
# cobbler profile list --查看有哪些profile
centos7.3-x86_64
# cobbler profile report --name=centos7.3-x86_64 |grep Kickstart
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks --这就是这个安装方案的kickstart文件
Kickstart Metadata : {}
我现在自定义一个ks文件,也想做成一个profile,步骤如下:
步骤一:
自定义ks文件(使用system-config-kickstart或直接找一个模版文件修改),得到如下的文件
# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.3.ks --复制下面一大段信息,粘到此文件里
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$6RbFC2nC$GBugZL7ACuGhck8DbUZgM/
# Use network installation
url --url="http://192.168.100.2/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3/"
# System language
lang en_US
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="rhgb quiet" --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=300
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2000
part / --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1
%post
rm /etc/yum.repos.d/* -rf
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///yum
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end
%packages
@additional-devel
@desktop-debugging
@development
@fonts
@gnome-desktop
@input-methods
@kde-desktop
@legacy-x
@platform-devel
@remote-desktop-clients
@x11
initial-setup
initial-setup-gui
vinagre
%end
步骤二:把准备好的ks文件做成一个新的profile
# cobbler profile add --name=new_centos7.3 --distro=centos7.3-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.3.ks
# cobbler profile list --在原来基础上就多了自定义的安装方案
centos7.3-x86_64
new_centos7.3
步骤三:
测试
然后就可以新建一个客户端虚拟机,使用上面的new_centos7.3安装名字来测试了
==================================================================
对上面操作的扩展(仅供参考)
# cobbler profile edit --name=new_centos7.3 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/xxx.ks
# cobbler profile remove --name=new_centos7.3
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