最近遇到处理阴历日期的问题（生日），就查资料了解了一下关于阴历阳历的知识。参照百度文库
下面简略介绍一下阴历阳历转换的算法原理：
阳历，有很强的规律性。每年12个月，1、3、5、7、8、10、12月都为31天；2月份平年28天，能被4除尽的年份里为29天，但1900年为28天；其余月份为31天。阴历却没有什么特定的规律，是根据天文观测得到的某月是29天还是30天。下面是经过整理的150年内的阴历数据：
0x04bd8,0x04ae0,0x0a570,0x054d5,0x0d260,0x0d950,0x16554,0x056a0,0x09ad0,0x055d2, 0x04ae0,0x0a5b6,0x0a4d0,0x0d250,0x1d255,0x0b540,0x0d6a0,0x0ada2,0x095b0,0x14977, 0x04970,0x0a4b0,0x0b4b5,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x1ab54,0x02b60,0x09570,0x052f2,0x04970, 0x06566,0x0d4a0,0x0ea50,0x06e95,0x05ad0,0x02b60,0x186e3,0x092e0,0x1c8d7,0x0c950, 0x0d4a0,0x1d8a6,0x0b550,0x056a0,0x1a5b4,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0d2b2,0x0a950,0x0b557, 0x06ca0,0x0b550,0x15355,0x04da0,0x0a5d0,0x14573,0x052d0,0x0a9a8,0x0e950,0x06aa0, 0x0aea6,0x0ab50,0x04b60,0x0aae4,0x0a570,0x05260,0x0f263,0x0d950,0x05b57,0x056a0, 0x096d0,0x04dd5,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x0d4d4,0x0d250,0x0d558,0x0b540,0x0b5a0,0x195a6, 0x095b0,0x049b0,0x0a974,0x0a4b0,0x0b27a,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x0af46,0x0ab60,0x09570, 0x04af5,0x04970,0x064b0,0x074a3,0x0ea50,0x06b58,0x055c0,0x0ab60,0x096d5,0x092e0, 0x0c960,0x0d954,0x0d4a0,0x0da50,0x07552,0x056a0,0x0abb7,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0cab5, 0x0a950,0x0b4a0,0x0baa4,0x0ad50,0x055d9,0x04ba0,0x0a5b0,0x15176,0x052b0,0x0a930, 0x07954,0x06aa0,0x0ad50,0x05b52,0x04b60,0x0a6e6,0x0a4e0,0x0d260,0x0ea65,0x0d530, 0x05aa0,0x076a3,0x096d0,0x04bd7,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x1d0b6,0x0d250,0x0d520,0x0dd45, 0x0b5a0,0x056d0,0x055b2,0x049b0,0x0a577,0x0a4b0,0x0aa50,0x1b255,0x06d20,0x0ada0
然后解释一下表中的数据，拿第一个0x04bd8来说吧，他是5个16进制数，共20bit。最后四位，即8，代表该年闰月的月份，为0则没有闰月。前四位，即0，在该年有闰月才有意义，为0表示闰月29天，为1表示闰月30天。中间12位，即4bd代表该年12个月每个月的天数，0表示29天，1表示30天。
然后就是根据阳历的1900年1月31日是阴历的1900年的正月初一，然后查表得出阴历和阳历的关系。
下面上代码：
package com.wekri.calendar;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* <b>描述</b>: 日历转换工具类：阴历和阳历日期互换(阴历日期范围19000101~20491229)<br>
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
public class CalendarUtil {
// private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CalendarUtil.class);
// 计算阴历日期参照1900年到2049年
private final static int[] LUNAR_INFO = {
0x04bd8,0x04ae0,0x0a570,0x054d5,0x0d260,0x0d950,0x16554,0x056a0,0x09ad0,0x055d2,
0x04ae0,0x0a5b6,0x0a4d0,0x0d250,0x1d255,0x0b540,0x0d6a0,0x0ada2,0x095b0,0x14977,
0x04970,0x0a4b0,0x0b4b5,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x1ab54,0x02b60,0x09570,0x052f2,0x04970,
0x06566,0x0d4a0,0x0ea50,0x06e95,0x05ad0,0x02b60,0x186e3,0x092e0,0x1c8d7,0x0c950,
0x0d4a0,0x1d8a6,0x0b550,0x056a0,0x1a5b4,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0d2b2,0x0a950,0x0b557,
0x06ca0,0x0b550,0x15355,0x04da0,0x0a5d0,0x14573,0x052d0,0x0a9a8,0x0e950,0x06aa0,
0x0aea6,0x0ab50,0x04b60,0x0aae4,0x0a570,0x05260,0x0f263,0x0d950,0x05b57,0x056a0,
0x096d0,0x04dd5,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x0d4d4,0x0d250,0x0d558,0x0b540,0x0b5a0,0x195a6,
0x095b0,0x049b0,0x0a974,0x0a4b0,0x0b27a,0x06a50,0x06d40,0x0af46,0x0ab60,0x09570,
0x04af5,0x04970,0x064b0,0x074a3,0x0ea50,0x06b58,0x055c0,0x0ab60,0x096d5,0x092e0,
0x0c960,0x0d954,0x0d4a0,0x0da50,0x07552,0x056a0,0x0abb7,0x025d0,0x092d0,0x0cab5,
0x0a950,0x0b4a0,0x0baa4,0x0ad50,0x055d9,0x04ba0,0x0a5b0,0x15176,0x052b0,0x0a930,
0x07954,0x06aa0,0x0ad50,0x05b52,0x04b60,0x0a6e6,0x0a4e0,0x0d260,0x0ea65,0x0d530,
0x05aa0,0x076a3,0x096d0,0x04bd7,0x04ad0,0x0a4d0,0x1d0b6,0x0d250,0x0d520,0x0dd45,
0x0b5a0,0x056d0,0x055b2,0x049b0,0x0a577,0x0a4b0,0x0aa50,0x1b255,0x06d20,0x0ada0
};
// 允许输入的最小年份
private final static int MIN_YEAR = 1900;
// 允许输入的最大年份
private final static int MAX_YEAR = 2049;
// 当年是否有闰月
private static boolean isLeapYear;
// 阳历日期计算起点
private final static String START_DATE = "19000130";
/**
* 计算阴历 {@code year}年闰哪个月 1-12 , 没闰传回 0
* @param year 阴历年
* @return (int)月份
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
private static int getLeapMonth(int year) {
return (int) (LUNAR_INFO[year - 1900] & 0xf);
}
/**
* 计算阴历{@code year}年闰月多少天
* @param year 阴历年
* @return (int)天数
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
private static int getLeapMonthDays(int year) {
if(getLeapMonth(year)!=0){
if((LUNAR_INFO[year - 1900] & 0xf0000)==0){
return 29;
}else {
return 30;
}
}else{
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 计算阴历{@code lunarYeay}年{@code month}月的天数
* @param lunarYeay 阴历年
* @param month 阴历月
* @return (int)该月天数
* @throws Exception
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
private static int getMonthDays(int lunarYeay, int month) throws Exception {
if ((month > 31) || (month < 0)) {
throw(new Exception("月份有错！"));
}
// 0X0FFFF[0000 {1111 1111 1111} 1111]中间12位代表12个月，1为大月，0为小月
int bit = 1 << (16-month);
if(((LUNAR_INFO[lunarYeay - 1900] & 0x0FFFF)&bit)==0){
return 29;
}else {
return 30;
}
}
/**
* 计算阴历{@code year}年的总天数
* @param year 阴历年
* @return (int)总天数
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
private static int getYearDays(int year) {
int sum = 29*12;
for(int i=0x8000;i>=0x8;i>>=1){
if((LUNAR_INFO[year-1900]&0xfff0&i)!=0){
sum++;
}
}
return sum+getLeapMonthDays(year);
}
/**
* 计算两个阳历日期相差的天数。计算不准确，已经废弃
* @param startDate 开始时间
* @param endDate 截至时间
* @return (int)天数
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
@Deprecated
private static int daysBetween2(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
long between_days=(endDate.getTime()-startDate.getTime())/(1000*3600*24);
return Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(between_days));
}
/**
* 计算两个阳历日期相差的天数。
* @param startDate 开始时间
* @param endDate 截至时间
* @return (int)天数
* @author liu 2017-3-2
*/
private static int daysBetween(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
int days = 0;
//将转换的两个时间对象转换成Calendar对象
Calendar can1 = Calendar.getInstance();
can1.setTime(startDate);
Calendar can2 = Calendar.getInstance();
can2.setTime(endDate);
//拿出两个年份
int year1 = can1.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int year2 = can2.get(Calendar.YEAR);
//天数
Calendar can = null;
//如果can1 < can2
//减去小的时间在这一年已经过了的天数
//加上大的时间已过的天数
if(can1.before(can2)){
days -= can1.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
days += can2.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
can = can1;
}else{
days -= can2.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
days += can1.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
can = can2;
}
for (int i = 0; i < Math.abs(year2-year1); i++) {
//获取小的时间当前年的总天数
days += can.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
//再计算下一年。
can.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
}
return days;
}
/**
* 检查阴历日期是否合法
* @param lunarYear 阴历年
* @param lunarMonth 阴历月
* @param lunarDay 阴历日
* @param leapMonthFlag 闰月标志
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void checkLunarDate(int lunarYear, int lunarMonth, int lunarDay, boolean leapMonthFlag) throws Exception {
if ((lunarYear < MIN_YEAR) || (lunarYear > MAX_YEAR)) {
throw(new Exception("非法农历年份！"));
}
if ((lunarMonth < 1) || (lunarMonth > 12)) {
throw(new Exception("非法农历月份！"));
}
if ((lunarDay < 1) || (lunarDay > 30)) { // 中国的月最多30天
throw(new Exception("非法农历天数！"));
}
int leap = getLeapMonth(lunarYear);// 计算该年应该闰哪个月
if ((leapMonthFlag == true) && (lunarMonth != leap)) {
throw(new Exception("非法闰月！"));
}
}
/**
* 阴历转换为阳历
* @param lunarDate 阴历日期,格式YYYYMMDD
* @param leapMonthFlag 是否为闰月
* @return 阳历日期,格式：YYYYMMDD
* @throws Exception
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
public static String lunarToSolar(String lunarDate, boolean leapMonthFlag) throws Exception{
int lunarYear = Integer.parseInt(lunarDate.substring(0, 4));
int lunarMonth = Integer.parseInt(lunarDate.substring(4, 6));
int lunarDay = Integer.parseInt(lunarDate.substring(6, 8));
checkLunarDate(lunarYear, lunarMonth, lunarDay, leapMonthFlag);
int offset = 0;
for (int i = MIN_YEAR; i < lunarYear; i++) {
int yearDaysCount = getYearDays(i); // 求阴历某年天数
offset += yearDaysCount;
}
//计算该年闰几月
int leapMonth = getLeapMonth(lunarYear);
if(leapMonthFlag & leapMonth != lunarMonth){
throw(new Exception("您输入的闰月标志有误！"));
}
//当年没有闰月或月份早于闰月或和闰月同名的月份
if(leapMonth==0|| (lunarMonth < leapMonth) || (lunarMonth==leapMonth && !leapMonthFlag)){
for (int i = 1; i < lunarMonth; i++) {
int tempMonthDaysCount = getMonthDays(lunarYear, i);
offset += tempMonthDaysCount;
}
// 检查日期是否大于最大天
if (lunarDay > getMonthDays(lunarYear, lunarMonth)) {
throw(new Exception("不合法的农历日期！"));
}
offset += lunarDay; // 加上当月的天数
}else{//当年有闰月，且月份晚于或等于闰月
for (int i = 1; i < lunarMonth; i++) {
int tempMonthDaysCount = getMonthDays(lunarYear, i);
offset += tempMonthDaysCount;
}
if (lunarMonth>leapMonth) {
int temp = getLeapMonthDays(lunarYear); // 计算闰月天数
offset += temp; // 加上闰月天数
if (lunarDay > getMonthDays(lunarYear, lunarMonth)) {
throw(new Exception("不合法的农历日期！"));
}
offset += lunarDay;
}else { // 如果需要计算的是闰月，则应首先加上与闰月对应的普通月的天数
// 计算月为闰月
int temp = getMonthDays(lunarYear, lunarMonth); // 计算非闰月天数
offset += temp;
if (lunarDay > getLeapMonthDays(lunarYear)) {
throw(new Exception("不合法的农历日期！"));
}
offset += lunarDay;
}
}
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
Date myDate = null;
myDate = formatter.parse(START_DATE);
Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
c.setTime(myDate);
c.add(Calendar.DATE, offset);
myDate = c.getTime();
return formatter.format(myDate);
}
/**
* 阳历日期转换为阴历日期
* @param solarDate 阳历日期,格式YYYYMMDD
* @return 阴历日期
* @throws Exception
* @author liu 2015-1-5
*/
public static String solarToLunar(String solarDate) throws Exception{
int i;
int temp = 0;
int lunarYear;
int lunarMonth; //农历月份
int lunarDay; //农历当月第几天
boolean leapMonthFlag =false;
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
Date myDate = null;
Date startDate = null;
try {
myDate = formatter.parse(solarDate);
startDate = formatter.parse(START_DATE);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
int offset = daysBetween(startDate,myDate);
for (i = MIN_YEAR; i <= MAX_YEAR; i++){
temp = getYearDays(i); //求当年农历年天数
if (offset - temp < 1){
break;
}else{
offset -= temp;
}
}
lunarYear = i;
int leapMonth = getLeapMonth(lunarYear);//计算该年闰哪个月
//设定当年是否有闰月
if (leapMonth > 0){
isLeapYear = true;
}else{
isLeapYear = false;
}
for (i = 1; i<=12; i++) {
if(i==leapMonth+1 && isLeapYear){
temp = getLeapMonthDays(lunarYear);
isLeapYear = false;
leapMonthFlag = true;
i--;
}else{
temp = getMonthDays(lunarYear, i);
}
offset -= temp;
if(offset<=0){
break;
}
}
offset += temp;
lunarMonth = i;
lunarDay = offset;
return "阴历："+lunarYear+"年"+(leapMonthFlag&(lunarMonth==leapMonth)?"闰":"")+lunarMonth+"月"+lunarDay+"日";
}
}
下面测试一下
package calendar;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.lunarToSolar("19901204", false));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.lunarToSolar("19841021", true));
System.out.println("************");
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19000923"));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19000924"));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19001022"));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19001023"));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19900630"));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19841213"));
System.out.println(CalendarUtil.solarToLunar("19910119"));
}
}
结果：
19910119 19841213 ************ 阴历：1900年8月30日 阴历：1900年闰8月1日 阴历：1900年闰8月29日 阴历：1900年9月1日 阴历：1990年闰5月7日 阴历：1984年闰10月21日 阴历：1990年12月4日
希望对大家有帮助，欢迎大家吐槽。