一、新建spring boot工程
新建工程的时候，需要加入jpa，h2依赖
二、工程结构
pom文件依赖如下：
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
<groupid>com.chhliu.springboot.h2</groupid>
<artifactid>springboot-h2</artifactid>
<version>0.0.1-snapshot</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>springboot-h2</name>
<description>demo project for spring boot h2</description>
<parent>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactid>
<version>1.4.3.release</version>
<relativepath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceencoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceencoding>
<project.reporting.outputencoding>utf-8</project.reporting.outputencoding>
<java.version>1.7</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>com.h2database</groupid>
<artifactid>h2</artifactid>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
<artifactid>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactid>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
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三、编写实体类
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package com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity;
import java.math.bigdecimal;
import javax.persistence.column;
import javax.persistence.entity;
import javax.persistence.generatedvalue;
import javax.persistence.generationtype;
import javax.persistence.id;
@entity
public class user {
@id
@generatedvalue(strategy = generationtype.auto)
private long id;
@column
private string username;
@column
private string name;
@column
private short age;
@column
private bigdecimal balance;
……省略gettter和setter方法
}
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四、编写dao
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package com.chhliu.springboot.h2.repository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.jparepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.repository;
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity.user;
@repository
public interface userrepository extends jparepository<user, long> {
}
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五、编写controller
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package com.chhliu.springboot.h2.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.getmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.pathvariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity.user;
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.repository.userrepository;
@restcontroller
public class usercontroller {
@autowired
private userrepository userrepository;
@getmapping("/user/{id}")// 注意，此处使用的是getmapping注解，该注解的作用类似与@requestmapping(value="/user/{id}" ,method=requestmethod.get)，@postmapping注解同理
public user findbyid(@pathvariable long id) {
return this.userrepository.findone(id);
}
}
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六、配置文件
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# 服务器端口号
server.port=7900
# 是否生成ddl语句
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false
# 是否打印sql语句
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
# 自动生成ddl，由于指定了具体的ddl，此处设置为none
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
# 使用h2数据库
spring.datasource.platform=h2
# 指定生成数据库的schema文件位置
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql
# 指定插入数据库语句的脚本位置
spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql
# 配置日志打印信息
logging.level.root=info
logging.level.org.hibernate=info
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.basicbinder=trace
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.basicextractor=trace
logging.level.com.itmuch=debug
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七、启动程序
在浏览器中输入如下url：http://localhost:7900/user/4
可以看到测试结果
{"id":4,"username":"user4","name":"马六","age":20,"balance":100.00}
说明，我们的整合是ok的
八、测试dao层
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package com.chhliu.springboot.h2;
import org.junit.assert;
import org.junit.test;
import org.junit.runner.runwith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.springboottest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.springrunner;
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.entity.user;
import com.chhliu.springboot.h2.repository.userrepository;
@runwith(springrunner.class)
@springboottest
public class springbooth2applicationtests {
@autowired
private userrepository repository;
@test
public void test(){
user u = repository.findone(1l);
assert.assertequals("成功的测试用例", "张三", u.getname());
}
}
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发现测试是ok的！
九、总结
由于h2是关系内存数据库，当程序启动的时候，会在内存中创建表，并将数据存储在内存中，当重启程序后，会自动删除内存中的数据，从而可以很好的用来做dao层的单元测试和service层的单元测试，使整个程序不会依赖具体的数据库，同时也提高了单元测试的效率。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/54629967