I want to search with grep for a string that looks like this:
我想用grep搜索一个如下所示的字符串：
something ~* 'bla'
I tried this, but the shell removes the single quotes argh..
我试过这个，但是shell删除了单引号argh ..
grep -i '"something ~* '[:alnum:]'"' /var/log/syslog
What would be the correct search?
什么是正确的搜索？
4 个解决方案
#1
13
grep -i "something ~\* '[[:alnum:]]*'" /var/log/syslog
works for me.
适合我。
- escape the first
*to match a literal*instead of making it the zero-or-more-matches character:~*would match zero or more occurrences of~while~\*matches the expression~*aftersomething - 转义第一个*以匹配文字*而不是使其成为零或多匹配字符：〜*将匹配零次或多次出现〜而〜\ *匹配表达式〜*之后
- use double brackets around
:alnum:(see example here) - 使用双括号：alnum :(见这里的例子）
- use a
*after[[:alnum::]]to match not only one character between your single quotes but several of them - 在[[：alnum ::]]之后使用*不仅可以匹配单引号中的一个字符，还可以匹配其中的几个字符
- the single quotes don't have to be escaped at all because they are contained in an expression that is limited by double quotes.
- 单引号根本不必转义，因为它们包含在受双引号限制的表达式中。
#2
42
If you do need to look for quotes in quotes in quotes, there are ugly constructs that will do it.
如果你确实需要在引号中用引号查找引号，那么就会有丑陋的构造。
echo 'And I said, "he said WHAT?"'
works as expected, but for another level of nesting, the following doesn't work as expected:
按预期工作，但对于另一个嵌套级别，以下内容不能按预期工作：
echo 'She said, "And I said, \'he said WHAT?\'"'
Instead, you need to escape the inner single quotes outside the single-quoted string:
相反，您需要在单引号字符串之外转义内部单引号：
echo 'She said, "And I said, '\''he said WHAT?'\''"'
Or, if you prefer:
或者，如果您愿意：
echo 'She said, "And I said, '"'"'he said WHAT?'"'"'"'
It ain't pretty, but it works. :)
它不漂亮，但它的工作原理。 :)
Of course, all this is moot if you put things in variables.
当然，如果你把事情放在变量中，这一切都没有实际意义。
[ghoti@pc ~]$ i_said="he said WHAT?"
[ghoti@pc ~]$ she_said="And I said, '$i_said'"
[ghoti@pc ~]$ printf 'She said: "%s"\n' "$she_said"
She said: "And I said, 'he said WHAT?'"
[ghoti@pc ~]$
:-)
:-)
#3
1
- character classes are specified with
[[:alnum:]](two brackets) - 字符类用[[：alnum：]]指定（两个括号）
-
[[:alnum:]]is matching only one character. To match zero or more characters[[:alnum:]]* - [[：alnum：]]只匹配一个字符。匹配零个或多个字符[[：alnum：]] *
-
you can just use
" "to quote the regex:你可以用“”引用正则表达式：
grep -i "something ~\* '[[:alnum:]]*'" /var/log/syslog
Matteo
马特奥
#4
0
It seems as per your expression, that you are using first ', then ". If you want to escape the single quotes, you can either use ' and escape them, or use double quotes. Also, as Matteo comments, character classes have double square brackets Either:
根据你的表达式，你首先使用'，然后'。如果你想逃避单引号，你可以使用'并转义它们，或使用双引号。另外，作为Matteo注释，字符类有双方括号要么：
grep -i "something \~\* '[[:alnum:]]+'" /var/log/syslog
or
要么
grep -i 'something ~* \'[[:alnum:]]+\'' /var/log/syslog
#1
13
grep -i "something ~\* '[[:alnum:]]*'" /var/log/syslog
works for me.
适合我。
- escape the first
*to match a literal*instead of making it the zero-or-more-matches character:~*would match zero or more occurrences of~while~\*matches the expression~*aftersomething - 转义第一个*以匹配文字*而不是使其成为零或多匹配字符：〜*将匹配零次或多次出现〜而〜\ *匹配表达式〜*之后
- use double brackets around
:alnum:(see example here) - 使用双括号：alnum :(见这里的例子）
- use a
*after[[:alnum::]]to match not only one character between your single quotes but several of them - 在[[：alnum ::]]之后使用*不仅可以匹配单引号中的一个字符，还可以匹配其中的几个字符
- the single quotes don't have to be escaped at all because they are contained in an expression that is limited by double quotes.
- 单引号根本不必转义，因为它们包含在受双引号限制的表达式中。
#2
42
If you do need to look for quotes in quotes in quotes, there are ugly constructs that will do it.
如果你确实需要在引号中用引号查找引号，那么就会有丑陋的构造。
echo 'And I said, "he said WHAT?"'
works as expected, but for another level of nesting, the following doesn't work as expected:
按预期工作，但对于另一个嵌套级别，以下内容不能按预期工作：
echo 'She said, "And I said, \'he said WHAT?\'"'
Instead, you need to escape the inner single quotes outside the single-quoted string:
相反，您需要在单引号字符串之外转义内部单引号：
echo 'She said, "And I said, '\''he said WHAT?'\''"'
Or, if you prefer:
或者，如果您愿意：
echo 'She said, "And I said, '"'"'he said WHAT?'"'"'"'
It ain't pretty, but it works. :)
它不漂亮，但它的工作原理。 :)
Of course, all this is moot if you put things in variables.
当然，如果你把事情放在变量中，这一切都没有实际意义。
[ghoti@pc ~]$ i_said="he said WHAT?"
[ghoti@pc ~]$ she_said="And I said, '$i_said'"
[ghoti@pc ~]$ printf 'She said: "%s"\n' "$she_said"
She said: "And I said, 'he said WHAT?'"
[ghoti@pc ~]$
:-)
:-)
#3
1
- character classes are specified with
[[:alnum:]](two brackets) - 字符类用[[：alnum：]]指定（两个括号）
-
[[:alnum:]]is matching only one character. To match zero or more characters[[:alnum:]]* - [[：alnum：]]只匹配一个字符。匹配零个或多个字符[[：alnum：]] *
-
you can just use
" "to quote the regex:你可以用“”引用正则表达式：
grep -i "something ~\* '[[:alnum:]]*'" /var/log/syslog
Matteo
马特奥
#4
0
It seems as per your expression, that you are using first ', then ". If you want to escape the single quotes, you can either use ' and escape them, or use double quotes. Also, as Matteo comments, character classes have double square brackets Either:
根据你的表达式，你首先使用'，然后'。如果你想逃避单引号，你可以使用'并转义它们，或使用双引号。另外，作为Matteo注释，字符类有双方括号要么：
grep -i "something \~\* '[[:alnum:]]+'" /var/log/syslog
or
要么
grep -i 'something ~* \'[[:alnum:]]+\'' /var/log/syslog