一、背景
某天下班淋雨成了落汤鸡,发了个朋友圈感慨一下啊,然后......
夜深人静之时,突然收到了来自学妹的py文件,运行之后发现事情并不简单(如下图):
这是暗示我...下次出门给她带把伞?不管那么多,作为一个程序猿,遇到程序先拆解一下。
二、工具
爬虫:requests
解析:re
ui:tkinter
三、代码解读
想要做一个获取天气预报的小程序,第一步要做的就是能够进行天气预报的爬取,这里通过城市名称匹配百度天气的url进行爬取,并通过正则的方式进行解析,最终以字典的形式返回结果。
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class weather( object ):
def __init__( self ):
pass
def crawl( self , key):
url = 'http://weathernew.pae.baidu.com/weathernew/pc?query=' + key + '天气&srcid=4982&city_name=' + key + '&province_name=' + key
# 设置请求头
headers = {
'user-agent' :
'mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/86.0.4240.198 safari/537.36' ,
'referer' : 'https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/'
}
# 页面html
res = requests.get(url, headers = headers).text
# 时间
time = re.search(r '\{\"update_time\":\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
# 天气
weather = re.search(r '\"weather\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
weather = weather.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
# 气温
weather_l = re.search(r 'temperature_night\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
weather_h = re.search(r 'temperature_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
# 风力
wind_now = re.search(r '\"wind_power_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
wind_now = wind_now.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
wind_name = re.search(r '\"wind_direction_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' ,
res).group( 1 )
wind_name = wind_name.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
wind = wind_name + wind_now
# 贴示
desc = re.search(r '\"desc\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
desc = desc.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
# 结果生
dic = {
'城市' : key,
'更新时间' : time,
'天气' : weather,
'温度' : weather_l + '-' + weather_h + '摄氏度' ,
'风力' : wind,
'贴示' : desc,
}
return dic
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写好了爬取天气预报的代码之后,下面就可以写一个ui来和输入/爬取的内容进行交互的,写ui的方式大同小异,代码如下:
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class weather_ui( object ):
def __init__( self ):
self .window = tk()
self .weather = weather()
self .window.title(u '天气预报' )
# 设置窗口大小和位置
self .window.geometry( '310x370' )
# 创建一个文本框
self .result_text0 = label( self .window, text = u '学长所在城市:\n要写中文呦' )
self .result_text0.place(x = 10 , y = 5 , height = 130 )
self .result_text0.bind( '提示' )
self .result_text1 = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' )
self .result_text1.place(x = 140 , y = 10 , width = 155 , height = 155 )
self .result_text1.bind( "<key-return>" , self .submit)
# 创建一个按钮
# 为按钮添加事件
self .submit_btn = button( self .window,
text = u '获取天气' ,
command = self .submit)
self .submit_btn.place(x = 170 , y = 165 , width = 70 , height = 25 )
self .submit_btn2 = button( self .window, text = u '清空' , command = self .clean)
self .submit_btn2.place(x = 250 , y = 165 , width = 35 , height = 25 )
# 标题
self .title_label = label( self .window, text = u '今日天气:' )
self .title_label.place(x = 10 , y = 165 )
# 结果
self .result_text = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' )
self .result_text.place(x = 10 , y = 190 , width = 285 , height = 165 )
def submit( self ):
# 从输入框获取用户输入的值
content = self .result_text1.get( 0.0 , end).strip().replace( "\n" , " " )
# 把城市信息传到爬虫函数中
result = self .weather.crawl(content)
# 将结果显示在窗口中的文本框中
for k, v in result.items():
self .result_text.insert(end, k + ':' + v)
self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' )
self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' )
# 清空文本域中的内容
def clean( self ):
self .result_text1.delete( 0.0 , end)
self .result_text.delete( 0.0 , end)
def run( self ):
self .window.mainloop()
|
运行结果如下:
四、完整代码
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import json
import requests
import re
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import tk, button, entry, label, text, end
class weather( object ):
def __init__( self ):
pass
def crawl( self , key):
url = 'http://weathernew.pae.baidu.com/weathernew/pc?query=' + key + '天气&srcid=4982&city_name=' + key + '&province_name=' + key
# 设置请求头
headers = {
'user-agent' :
'mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/86.0.4240.198 safari/537.36' ,
'referer' : 'https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/'
}
# 页面html
res = requests.get(url, headers = headers).text
# 时间
time = re.search(r '\{\"update_time\":\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
# 天气
weather = re.search(r '\"weather\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
weather = weather.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
# 气温
weather_l = re.search(r 'temperature_night\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
weather_h = re.search(r 'temperature_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
# 风力
wind_now = re.search(r '\"wind_power_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
wind_now = wind_now.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
wind_name = re.search(r '\"wind_direction_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' ,
res).group( 1 )
wind_name = wind_name.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
wind = wind_name + wind_now
# 贴示
desc = re.search(r '\"desc\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 )
desc = desc.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" )
# 结果生
dic = {
'城市' : key,
'更新时间' : time,
'天气' : weather,
'温度' : weather_l + '-' + weather_h + '摄氏度' ,
'风力' : wind,
'贴示' : desc,
}
return dic
class weather_ui( object ):
def __init__( self ):
self .window = tk()
self .weather = weather()
self .window.title(u '天气预报' )
# 设置窗口大小和位置
self .window.geometry( '310x370' )
# 创建一个文本框
self .result_text0 = label( self .window, text = u '学长所在城市:\n要写中文呦' )
self .result_text0.place(x = 10 , y = 5 , height = 130 )
self .result_text0.bind( '提示' )
self .result_text1 = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' )
self .result_text1.place(x = 140 , y = 10 , width = 155 , height = 155 )
self .result_text1.bind( "<key-return>" , self .submit)
# 创建一个按钮
# 为按钮添加事件
self .submit_btn = button( self .window,
text = u '获取天气' ,
command = self .submit)
self .submit_btn.place(x = 170 , y = 165 , width = 70 , height = 25 )
self .submit_btn2 = button( self .window, text = u '清空' , command = self .clean)
self .submit_btn2.place(x = 250 , y = 165 , width = 35 , height = 25 )
# 标题
self .title_label = label( self .window, text = u '今日天气:' )
self .title_label.place(x = 10 , y = 165 )
# 结果
self .result_text = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' )
self .result_text.place(x = 10 , y = 190 , width = 285 , height = 165 )
def submit( self ):
# 从输入框获取用户输入的值
content = self .result_text1.get( 0.0 , end).strip().replace( "\n" , " " )
# 把城市信息传到爬虫函数中
result = self .weather.crawl(content)
# 将结果显示在窗口中的文本框中
for k, v in result.items():
self .result_text.insert(end, k + ':' + v)
self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' )
self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' )
# 清空文本域中的内容
def clean( self ):
self .result_text1.delete( 0.0 , end)
self .result_text.delete( 0.0 , end)
def run( self ):
self .window.mainloop()
a = weather_ui()
a.run()
|
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35164554/article/details/117626773