ctypes 模块

时间:2023-11-22 21:57:14

  ctypes赋予了python类似于C语言一样的底层操作能力,通过ctypes模块可以调用动态链接库中的导出函数、构建复杂的c数据类型。

  ctypes提供了三种不同的动态链接库加载方式:cdll(),windll(),oledll()。

  HelloWorld.py:

 import ctypes   #导入ctypes模块    

 NULL = 0
m_string = "Hello World!!!"
m_title = "Ctype Dlg" user32 = ctypes.cdll.user32 #加载user32.dll
user32.MessageBoxW(NULL,m_string,m_title,NULL) #调用user32中的MessageBoxW函数

构建C语言数据类型:

 ctypes基本数据类型映射表

参数类型预先设定好,或者在调用函数时再把参数转成相应的c_***类型。ctypes的类型对应如下:

ctypes type C type Python Type
c_char char 1-character string
c_wchar wchar_t 1-character unicode string
c_byte char int/long
c_ubyte unsigned char int/long
c_bool bool bool
c_short short int/long
c_ushort unsigned short int/long
c_int int int/long
c_uint unsigned int int/long
c_long long int/long
c_ulong unsigned long int/long
c_longlong __int64 or longlong int/long
c_ulonglong unsigned __int64 or unsigned long long int/long
c_float float float
c_double double float
c_longdouble long double float float
c_char_p char * string or None
c_wchar_p wchar_t * unicode or None
c_void_p void * int/long or None
     

对应的指针类型是在后面加上"_p",如int*是c_int_p等等。在python中要实现c语言中的结构,需要用到类。

构建C结构体:

  

 //c语言结构体

 struct test
{
int num1;
int num2;
}; //python ctypes 结构体
from ctypes import *
class test(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("num1",c_int),
("num2",c_int),
]