Winform程序实现COM口通信

时间:2022-09-11 14:41:19

故事背景:公司生产线上新购一台机台(原本有两台同型号的老机器),结果原本的用VB写的测试电压的程序在新机器上无法使用,读取不到电脑COM口上机台返回的数据;最郁闷的是电话问厂商人家说新的机器没有改变什么(最坑的就是这句话了),只是比老机器效率高点,然后就没了,没办法,已经付过钱了,人家吊的不行。万般无奈之下,只有自己找原因了;于是乎,上网找各种资料,自己写了一个Winform的测试COM通信的程序,写完后结果和VB程序 一样的问题,读取不到COM口数据,经过两天的研究终于搞定了,原因是新设备中的通信协议中的握手协议改了。废话不多说,上图片和代码:

1.Winform界面如下:

Winform程序实现COM口通信

其中:波特率的的Items包括

300
600
1200
2400
4800
9600
19200
38400
43000
56000
57600
115200

数据位的Items有:

1
2
4
8

停止位的Items有:

1
1.5
2

校验位的Items有:


奇校验
偶校验

备注:界面上的toolStrip可以改为StatusStrip更好些,发送数据的两个RadioButton的名字可以改下(因为这个是在度娘里找的,懒的改代码里的名字,所以我也就没改)

 

2.上代码(已运行过的代码,可直接使用;由于我只要测试COM的通信,所以定制发送数据和保存设置的功能没写,可根据需求自行添加)

Winform程序实现COM口通信Winform程序实现COM口通信
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;

namespace TestCOM
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        SerialPort sp1 = new SerialPort();

        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
            sp1.DataReceived+=new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp1_DataReceived);

            string[] str = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
            if (str == null)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("本机没有串口!", "Error");
                return;
            }

            //添加串口项目
            foreach (string s in System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames())
            {//获取有多少个COM口
                cbSerial.Items.Add(s);
            }

            //串口设置默认选择项
            cbSerial.SelectedIndex = 0;         //设置cbSerial的默认选项
            cbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5;
            cbDataBits.SelectedIndex = 3;
            cbStop.SelectedIndex = 0;
            cbParity.SelectedIndex = 0;
            radio2.Checked = true;  //发送数据的“16进制”单选按钮
            rbRcvStr.Checked = true;
        }

        private void btnSwitch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            if (!sp1.IsOpen)
            {
                try
                {
                    string serialName = cbSerial.SelectedItem.ToString();
                    sp1.PortName = serialName;
                    string strBaudRate = cbBaudRate.Text;
                    string strDateBits = cbDataBits.Text;

                    string strStopBits = cbStop.Text;
                    Int32 iBaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(strBaudRate);
                    Int32 iDateBits = Convert.ToInt32(strDateBits);

                    sp1.BaudRate = iBaudRate;
                    sp1.DataBits = iDateBits;
                    switch (cbStop.Text)
                    {
                        case "1":
                            sp1.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                            break;
                        case "1.5":
                            sp1.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
                            break;
                        case "2":
                            sp1.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
                            break;
                        default:
                            MessageBox.Show("Error:参数不正确!", "Error");
                            break;
                    }

                    switch (cbParity.Text)
                    {
                        case "":
                            sp1.Parity = Parity.None;
                            break;
                        case "奇校验":
                            sp1.Parity = Parity.Odd;
                            break;
                        case "偶校验":
                            sp1.Parity = Parity.Even;
                            break;
                        default:
                            MessageBox.Show("Error:参数不正确!", "Error");
                            break;
                    }
                    //sp1.ReceivedBytesThreshold = 1;
                    //sp1.Handshake = Handshake.RequestToSend;//握手协议:RTS硬件流控制
                    //我遇到的问题就是这里的问题,Handshake默认是None,但是有些设备的Handshake可能就不是这个,所以要根据连接的设备而定;如果是用跳线测试电脑COM通信的话这里就用默认的,改成RTS的话是不行的



                    if (sp1.IsOpen == true)
                    {
                        sp1.Close();
                    }
                    //状态栏设置
                    tsSpNUM.Text = "串口号:" + sp1.PortName + "|";
                    tsBaudRate.Text = "波特率:" + sp1.BaudRate + "|";
                    tsDataBits.Text = "数据位:" + sp1.DataBits + "|";
                    tsStopBits.Text = "停止位:" + sp1.StopBits + "|";
                    tsParity.Text = "校验位:" + sp1.Parity + "|";

                    cbSerial.Enabled = false;
                    cbBaudRate.Enabled = false;
                    cbDataBits.Enabled = false;
                    cbStop.Enabled = false;
                    cbParity.Enabled = false;

                    sp1.Open();
                    btnSwitch.Text = "关闭串口";

                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("Error:" + ex.Message + "Error");
                    return;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                tsSpNUM.Text = "串口号:未指定|";
                tsBaudRate.Text = "波特率:未指定|";
                tsDataBits.Text = "数据位:未指定|";
                tsStopBits.Text = "停止位:未指定|";
                tsParity.Text = "校验位:未指定|";

                cbSerial.Enabled = true;
                cbBaudRate.Enabled = true;
                cbDataBits.Enabled = true;
                cbStop.Enabled = true;
                cbParity.Enabled = true;

                sp1.Close();
                btnSwitch.Text = "打开串口";
            }
        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!sp1.IsOpen)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请先打开串口", "Error");
                return;
            }
            string strSend = txtSend.Text;
            if (radio1.Checked == true)
            {
                string sendBuf = strSend;
                string sendnoNull = sendBuf.Trim();
                string sendNOComma = sendnoNull.Replace(',', ' ');
                string sendNOComma1 = sendNOComma.Replace('', ' ');
                string strSendNoComma2 = sendNOComma1.Replace("0x", "");
                strSendNoComma2.Replace("0X", "");
                string[] strArray = strSendNoComma2.Split(' ');


                int byteBufferLength = strArray.Length;
                for (int i = 0; i < strArray.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (strArray[i] == "")
                    {
                        byteBufferLength--;
                    }
                }

                byte[] byteBuffer = new byte[byteBufferLength];
                int ii = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < strArray.Length; i++)
                {
                    Byte[] bytesOfStr = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(strArray[i]);

                    int decNum = 0;
                    if (strArray[i] == "")
                    {
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        decNum = Convert.ToInt32(strArray[i],16);
                    }
                    try
                    {
                        byteBuffer[ii] = Convert.ToByte(decNum);
                    }
                    catch (Exception)
                    {

                        MessageBox.Show("字节越界,请逐个字节输入!","Error");
                        return;
                    }
                    ii++;
                }
                sp1.Write(byteBuffer,0,byteBuffer.Length);



            }
            else
            {
                sp1.WriteLine(txtSend.Text);
            }

        }

        private void sp1_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (sp1.IsOpen)
            {
                byte[] byteRead = new byte[sp1.BytesToRead];
                if (rbRcvStr.Checked)
                {
                    txtRcv.Text += sp1.ReadLine() + "\r\n";
                    sp1.DiscardInBuffer();
                }
                else
                {
                    try
                    {
                        Byte[] receivedData = new Byte[sp1.BytesToRead];
                        sp1.Read(receivedData, 0, receivedData.Length);
                        sp1.DiscardInBuffer();
                        string strRcv = null;
                        for (int i = 0; i < receivedData.Length; i++)
                        {
                            strRcv += receivedData[i].ToString("X2");
                        }
                        txtRcv.Text += strRcv + "\r\n";
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message,"出错提示");
                        txtSend.Text = "";
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请打开某个串口","错误提示");
            }
        }

        private void btnClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            txtRcv.Text = string.Empty;
        }

        private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Application.Exit();
        }






    }
}
View Code

 

备注:我处理的这个机台的Handshake的方式就是RTS,但是应该有很多设备的Handshake是None的(默认的),所以要根据具体的设备(设备的说明书上应该有说的)。