我们在使用SpringMVC时,常常需要把表单中的参数映射到我们对象的属性中,我们可以在默认的spring-servlet.xml加上如下的配置即可做到普通数据类型的转换,如将String转换成Integer和Double等:
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< mvc:annotation-driven />
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或
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" />
其实 <mvc:annotation-driven /> 标签会默认创建并注册一个 RequestMappingHandlerMapping(在Spring3.2之前是DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping) 和 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter (Spring3.2之前是AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter),当然,如果上下文有对应的显示实现类,将该注解注册的覆盖掉。该注解还会创建一个ConversionService,即 FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean。
如果想把一个字符串转换成其它实体类型,spring没有提供这样默认的功能,我们需要自定义类型转换器。
这里有个实体类Employee。
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package com.proc;
public class Employee {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String gender;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this .age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this .gender = gender;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", gender=" + gender
+ "]" ;
}
}
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规定将字符串转换成实体类的规则为: name-age-gender
那么接下来就写一个类型转换器,需要实现一个接口org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter
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package com.proc;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class EmployeeConverter implements Converter<String, Employee> {
@Override
public Employee convert(String str) {
Employee emp= null ;
//字符串格式 name-age-gender
if (str!= null && str.split( "-" ).length== 3 ){
emp= new Employee();
String[] arr=str.split( "-" );
emp.setName(arr[ 0 ]);
emp.setAge(Integer.parseInt(arr[ 1 ]));
emp.setGender(arr[ 2 ]);
}
return emp;
}
}
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这里我们为转换器加上@Component注解,是为了让Spring自动扫描该转换器到容器中。这样就不用通过配置文件配置<bean>了
接下来编写控制器
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package com.proc;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
public class EmployeeController {
@RequestMapping ( "/add" )
public String add( @RequestParam ( "employee" ) Employee employee){
System.out.println(employee);
return "add" ;
}
}
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这里可以看到,参数的名字为employee,所有要为请求定义一个employee参数,该参数传入需要转换的字符串
除此之外,我们还需要在spring配置文件中配置,如下类容。让转换器生效
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
< context:component-scan base-package = "com.proc" ></ context:component-scan >
< bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
< property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/" />
< property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp" ></ property >
</ bean >
< mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service = "conversionService" />
< bean id = "conversionService" class = "org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean" >
< property name = "converters" >
< set >
< ref bean = "employeeConverter" />
</ set >
</ property >
</ bean >
</ beans >
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测试代码:http://localhost:8080/springmvc-1/add?employee=caoyc-18-male
结果输出:Employee [name=caoyc, age=18, gender=male]
上面配置文件中我们使用配置了一个ConversionServiceFactoryBean。虽然可以这样,但不建议。我们通常用org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean
为什么要这样用呢?这样用的好处是什么呢?
使用FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean可以让SpringMVC支持@NumberFormat和@DateTimeFormat等Spring内部自定义的转换器。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/caoyc/p/5639652.html