前言:
在java5以后,我们接触到了线程原子性操作,也就是在修改时我们只需要保证它的那个瞬间是安全的即可,经过相应的包装后可以再处理对象的并发修改,本文总结一下Atomic系列的类的使用方法,其中包含:
1. 基本类型的使用
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public class AtomicTest {
/**
* 常见的方法列表
*
* @see AtomicInteger#get() 直接返回值
* @see AtomicInteger#getAndAdd(int) 增加指定的数据,返回变化前的数据
* @see AtomicInteger#getAndDecrement() 减少1,返回减少前的数据
* @see AtomicInteger#getAndIncrement() 增加1,返回增加前的数据
* @see AtomicInteger#getAndSet(int) 设置指定的数据,返回设置前的数据
* @see AtomicInteger#addAndGet(int) 增加指定的数据后返回增加后的数据
* @see AtomicInteger#decrementAndGet() 减少1,返回减少后的值
* @see AtomicInteger#incrementAndGet() 增加1,返回增加后的值
* @see AtomicInteger#lazySet(int) 仅仅当get时才会set
* @see AtomicInteger#compareAndSet(int, int) 尝试新增后对比,若增加成功则返回true否则返回false
**/
public static void main(String[] args) {
final AtomicTicket ticket = new AtomicTicket();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i++) {
new Thread( new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (ticket.getCount() > 0 ) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " count: " + ticket.decrement());
}
}
}).start();
}
}
}
class AtomicTicket {
public AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger( 100 );
public int decrement() {
return count.getAndDecrement();
}
public int getCount() {
return count.get();
}
}
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Thread-0 count: 100
Thread-2 count: 98
Thread-1 count: 99
Thread-2 count: 96
Thread-0 count: 97
Thread-2 count: 94
Thread-2 count: 92
Thread-1 count: 95
中间省略...
Thread-1 count: 12
Thread-2 count: 7
Thread-0 count: 9
Thread-2 count: 5
Thread-1 count: 6
Thread-2 count: 3
Thread-0 count: 4
Thread-2 count: 1
Thread-1 count: 2
2. 数组类型的使用
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public class AtomicIntegerArrayTest {
/**
* 常见的方法列表
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#addAndGet(int, int) 执行加法,第一个参数为数组的下标,第二个参数为增加的数量,返回增加后的结果
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#compareAndSet(int, int, int) 对比修改,参数1:数组下标,参数2:原始值,参数3,修改目标值,修改成功返回true否则false
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#decrementAndGet(int) 参数为数组下标,将数组对应数字减少1,返回减少后的数据
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#incrementAndGet(int) 参数为数组下标,将数组对应数字增加1,返回增加后的数据
*
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#getAndAdd(int, int) 和addAndGet类似,区别是返回值是变化前的数据
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#getAndDecrement(int) 和decrementAndGet类似,区别是返回变化前的数据
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#getAndIncrement(int) 和incrementAndGet类似,区别是返回变化前的数据
* @see AtomicIntegerArray#getAndSet(int, int) 将对应下标的数字设置为指定值,第二个参数为设置的值,返回是变化前的数据
*/
private final static AtomicIntegerArray ATOMIC_INTEGER_ARRAY = new AtomicIntegerArray( new int []{ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 });
public static void main(String []args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread []threads = new Thread[ 10 ];
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) {
final int index = i;
threads[i] = new Thread() {
public void run() {
int original = ATOMIC_INTEGER_ARRAY.get(index);
int result = ATOMIC_INTEGER_ARRAY.addAndGet(index, index + 1 );
System.out.println( "currentThread:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + " , 原始值为:" + original + ",增加后的结果为:" + result);
}
};
threads[i].start();
}
for (Thread thread : threads) {
thread.join();
}
System.out.println( "=========================>\n执行已经完成,结果列表:" );
for ( int i = 0 ; i < ATOMIC_INTEGER_ARRAY.length() ; i++) {
System.out.println(ATOMIC_INTEGER_ARRAY.get(i));
}
}
}
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currentThread:Thread-0 , 原始值为:1,增加后的结果为:2
currentThread:Thread-3 , 原始值为:4,增加后的结果为:8
currentThread:Thread-2 , 原始值为:3,增加后的结果为:6
currentThread:Thread-1 , 原始值为:2,增加后的结果为:4
currentThread:Thread-5 , 原始值为:6,增加后的结果为:12
currentThread:Thread-4 , 原始值为:5,增加后的结果为:10
currentThread:Thread-6 , 原始值为:7,增加后的结果为:14
currentThread:Thread-7 , 原始值为:8,增加后的结果为:16
currentThread:Thread-8 , 原始值为:9,增加后的结果为:18
currentThread:Thread-9 , 原始值为:10,增加后的结果为:20
=========================>执行已经完成,结果列表:
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3. 引用类型的使用
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public class AtomicReferenceTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
People people1 = new People( "Bom" , 0 );
People people2 = new People( "Tom" , 10 );
//先初始化一个值,如果不初始化则默认值为null
AtomicReference<People> reference = new AtomicReference<>(people1);
People people3 = reference.get();
if (people3.equals(people1)) {
System.out.println( "people3:" + people3);
} else {
System.out.println( "else:" + people3);
}
/**
* 当前值:拿当前值和reference.get()获取到的值去比较,如果相等则true并更新值为期望值
* 期望值:如果返回true则更新为期望值,如果返回false则不更新值
*/
boolean b = reference.compareAndSet( null , people2);
System.out.println( "myClass.main-" +b+ "--" +reference.get());
boolean b1 = reference.compareAndSet(people1, people2);
System.out.println( "myClass.main-" +b1+ "--" +reference.get());
new Thread( new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
People people = reference.get();
people.setName( "Tom" +Thread.currentThread().getName());
people.setAge(people.getAge()+ 1 );
reference.getAndSet(people);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+reference.get().toString());
}
}).start();
new Thread( new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
People people = reference.get();
people.setName( "Tom" +Thread.currentThread().getName());
people.setAge(people.getAge()+ 4 );
reference.getAndSet(people);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+reference.get().toString());
}
}).start();
}
}
class People {
private String name;
private int age;
public People(String name, int age) {
this .name = name;
this .age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge( int age) {
this .age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "People{" +
"name='" + name + ' '' +
", age=" + age +
'}' ;
}
}
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4.字段类型的使用
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public class AtomicIntegerFieldUpdaterTest {
/**
* 可以直接访问对应的变量,进行修改和处理
* 条件:要在可访问的区域内,如果是private或挎包访问default类型以及非父亲类的protected均无法访问到
* 其次访问对象不能是static类型的变量(因为在计算属性的偏移量的时候无法计算),也不能是final类型的变量(因为根本无法修改),必须是普通的成员变量
* <p>
* 方法(说明上和AtomicInteger几乎一致,唯一的区别是第一个参数需要传入对象的引用)
*
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#addAndGet(Object, int)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#compareAndSet(Object, int, int)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#decrementAndGet(Object)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#incrementAndGet(Object)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#getAndAdd(Object, int)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#getAndDecrement(Object)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#getAndIncrement(Object)
* @see AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater#getAndSet(Object, int)
*/
public final static AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater<A> ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER = AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.newUpdater(A. class , "intValue" );
public static void main(String[] args) {
final A a = new A();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
System.out.println(
Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER.get(a));
ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER.addAndGet(a, 11 );
System.out.println(
Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER.get(a));
if (ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER.compareAndSet(a, ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER.get(a), 120 )) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 对应的值做了修改!" );
}
System.out.println(
Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + ATOMIC_INTEGER_UPDATER.get(a));
}
}.start();
}
}
static class A {
volatile int intValue = 100 ;
}
}
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Thread-0 100
Thread-2 100
Thread-1 100
Thread-2 122
Thread-3 111
Thread-5 120
Thread-0 111
Thread-5 142
Thread-3 131
Thread-2 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-2 120
Thread-8 120
Thread-4 133
Thread-1 133
Thread-9 142
Thread-4 142
Thread-4 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-8 131
Thread-3 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-3 120
Thread-7 120
Thread-7 131
Thread-5 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-5 120
Thread-6 120
Thread-0 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-6 131
Thread-7 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-8 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-4 120
Thread-9 131
Thread-1 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-9 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-8 120
Thread-7 120
Thread-6 对应的值做了修改!
Thread-0 131
Thread-6 120
Thread-9 120
Thread-1 120
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原文链接:https://juejin.cn/post/7017409081920995364