Paramiko 是由 Python 语言编写的一个扩展模块，提供了基于 SSHv2 协议 （包括客户端和服务端）的多种功能实现。通常被用来远程控制类 UNIX 系统。
Paramiko 可以直接使用 pip 命令安装：
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$ pip install paramiko
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此处不作过多介绍，参考后文中的代码示例。
远程执行 Linux 命令
代码如下：
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import paramiko
# 初始化 SSH 客户端，通过用户名密码连接至远程服务器
client = paramiko.SSHClient()
client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy)
client.connect(hostname='remoteserver_ip', username='username', password='password')
# 通过 RSA 秘钥验证的方式连接至远程 SSH 服务
# private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('~/.ssh/id_rsa')
# client.connect(hostname="remoteserver_ip", username="username", pkey=private_key)
# 远程执行 df -h 命令并打印输出
stdin, stdout, stderr = client.exec_command('df -h')
print(stdout.read().decode('utf-8'))
client.close()
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运行效果如下：
SFTP 文件传输
示例代码如下：
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import paramiko
transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname_or_ip', port))
# 通过用户名密码完成验证建立连接
transport.connect(username='username', password='password')
# 通过 RSA 私钥文件完成验证建立连接
# private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/path/to/private_key_file')
# transport.connect(username='username', pkey=private_key)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
localpath = "localfile"
remotepath = "remotefile_fullpath"
sftp.put(localpath, remotepath)
print("Successfully uploaded")
transport.close()
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综合示例
代码如下（文件名 ssh_connection.py ）：
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import paramiko
import getpass
import os
class SSHConnection():
def __init__(self, user, host, port=22, password=''):
self.username = user
self.host = host
self.port = port
self.password = password
self.keyfile = self.get_keyfile()
def get_keyfile(self, path=os.getcwd()):
default_keyfile = os.path.join(
os.environ['HOME'], '.ssh', 'id_rsa')
if 'id_rsa' in os.listdir(path):
keyfile = os.path.join(path, 'id_rsa')
elif os.path.isfile(default_keyfile):
keyfile = default_keyfile
else:
keyfile = ''
return keyfile
def connect(self):
transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host, self.port))
if self.password:
transport.connect(username=self.username, password=self.password)
elif self.keyfile:
transport.connect(
username=self.username,
pkey=paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(self.keyfile))
else:
password = getpass.getpass(
"Password for %s@%s: " % (self.username, self.host))
transport.connect(username=self.username, password=password)
self._transport = transport
print("Connected to %s as %s" % (self.host, self.username))
def close(self):
self._transport.close()
def run_cmd(self, command):
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = self._transport
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
res = stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
error = stderr.read().decode('utf-8')
if error.strip():
return error
else:
return res
def trans_file(self, localpath, remotepath, method=''):
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self._transport)
if method == 'put':
sftp.put(localpath, remotepath)
print("File %s has uploaded to %s" % (localpath, remotepath))
elif method == 'get':
sftp.get(remotepath, localpath)
print("File %s has saved as %s" % (remotepath, localpath))
else:
print('usage: trans_file(localpath, remotepath, method="get/put"')
def __del__(self):
self.close()
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测试结果如下：
(python3) D:\Program\python\devops>python
Python 3.7.2 (default, Jan 2 2019, 17:07:39) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from ssh_connection import SSHConnection
>>> client = SSHConnection('starky','127.0.0.1')
>>> client.connect()
Connected to 127.0.0.1 as starky
>>> client.run_cmd('uname -a')
'Linux server1 5.0.0-20-generic #21-Ubuntu SMP Mon Jun 24 09:32:09 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux\n'
>>> client.trans_file('id_rsa.pub', '/home/starky/id_rsa.pub', method='put')
File id_rsa.pub has uploaded to /home/starky/id_rsa.pub
>>> client.run_cmd('ls -l /home/starky/id_rsa.pub')
'-rw-rw-r-- 1 starky starky 410 7月 20 15:01 /home/starky/id_rsa.pub\n'
>>> exit()
以上就是python Paramiko使用示例的详细内容，更多关于python Paramiko的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章！
原文链接：https://rollingstarky.github.io/2019/07/20/paramiko-examples/?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral