安全问题已经成为一个越来越重要的问题,在Java中如何对重要数据进行加密解密是本文的主要内容。
一、常用的加密/解密算法
1.Base64
严格来说Base64并不是一种加密/解密算法,而是一种编码方式。Base64不生成密钥,通过Base64编码后的密文就可以直接“翻译”为明文,但是可以通过向明文中添加混淆字符来达到加密的效果。
2.DES
DES是一种基于56位密钥的对称算法,1976年被美国联邦*的国家标准局确定为联邦资料处理标准(FIPS),随后在国际上广泛流传开来。现在DES已经不是一种安全的加密算法,已被公开破解,现在DES已经被高级加密标准(AES)所代替。
3.3DES
3DES是DES的一种派生算法,主要提升了DES的一些实用所需的安全性。
4.AES
AES是现在对称加密算法中最流行的算法之一。
二、实现所需的一些库
为了实现上述的算法,我们可以实用JDK自带的实现,也可以使用一些开源的第三方库,例如Bouncy Castle(https://www.bouncycastle.org/)和comnons codec(https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/)。
三、具体实现
1.Base64
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package com.tancky.security;
import java.io.IOException;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class Base64Demo {
private static String src = "TestBase64" ;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Base64Demo.jdkBase64();
Base64Demo.commonsCodecBase64 ();
Base64Demo.bouncyCastleBase64 ();
}
//使用JDK的base64实现,
public static void jdkBase64 (){
BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
String encode = encoder.encode(Base64Demo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "encode: " + encode);
BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
try {
String decode = new String ( decoder.decodeBuffer(encode));
System.out.println( "decode: " + decode);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//使用apache的commonsCodec实现
public static void commonsCodecBase64 (){
byte [] encodeBytes = org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.encodeBase64(Base64Demo.src.getBytes());
String encode = new String (encodeBytes);
System.out.println( "encode: " + encode);
byte [] decodeBytes = org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.decodeBase64(encode);
String decode = new String(decodeBytes);
System.out.println( "decode: " + decode);
}
//使用bouncyCastlede实现
public static void bouncyCastleBase64 () {
byte [] encodeBytes = org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Base64.encode(Base64Demo.src.getBytes()) ;
String encode = new String (encodeBytes);
System.out.println( "encode: " + encode);
byte [] decodeBytes = org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Base64.decode(encode);
String decode = new String(decodeBytes);
System.out.println( "decode: " + decode);
}
}
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2.DES
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package com.tancky.security;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;
public class DESDemo {
private static String src = "TestDES" ;
public static void jdkDES () {
try {
//生成密钥Key
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "DES" );
keyGenerator.init( 56 );
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte [] bytesKey = secretKey.getEncoded();
//KEY转换
DESKeySpec deSedeKeySpec = new DESKeySpec(bytesKey);
SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance( "DES" );
Key convertSecretKey = factory.generateSecret(deSedeKeySpec);
//加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance( "DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding" );
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
byte [] encodeResult = cipher.doFinal(DESDemo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "DESEncode :" + Hex.toHexString(encodeResult));
//解密
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,convertSecretKey);
byte [] DecodeResult = cipher.doFinal(encodeResult);
System.out.println( "DESDncode :" + new String (DecodeResult));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void bcDES (){
try {
//使用BouncyCastle 的DES加密
Security.addProvider( new BouncyCastleProvider());
//生成密钥Key
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "DES" , "BC" );
keyGenerator.init( 56 );
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte [] bytesKey = secretKey.getEncoded();
//KEY转换
DESKeySpec deSedeKeySpec = new DESKeySpec(bytesKey);
SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance( "DES" );
Key convertSecretKey = factory.generateSecret(deSedeKeySpec);
//加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance( "DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding" );
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
byte [] encodeResult = cipher.doFinal(DESDemo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "DESEncode :" + Hex.toHexString(encodeResult));
//解密
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,convertSecretKey);
byte [] DecodeResult = cipher.doFinal(encodeResult);
System.out.println( "DESDncode :" + new String (DecodeResult));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
DESDemo.jdkDES ();
DESDemo.bcDES();
}
}
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3.3DES
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package com.tancky.security;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;
public class TripleDESDemo {
private static String src = "TestTripleDES" ;
public static void jdkTripleDES () {
try {
//生成密钥Key
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "DESede" );
keyGenerator.init( 168 );
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte [] bytesKey = secretKey.getEncoded();
//KEY转换
DESedeKeySpec deSedeKeySpec = new DESedeKeySpec(bytesKey);
SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance( "DESede" );
Key convertSecretKey = factory.generateSecret(deSedeKeySpec);
//加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance( "DESede/ECB/PKCS5Padding" );
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
byte [] encodeResult = cipher.doFinal(TripleDESDemo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "TripleDESEncode :" + Hex.toHexString(encodeResult));
//解密
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,convertSecretKey);
byte [] DecodeResult = cipher.doFinal(encodeResult);
System.out.println( "TripleDESDncode :" + new String (DecodeResult));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void bcTripleDES () {
try {
Security.addProvider( new BouncyCastleProvider());
//生成密钥Key
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "DESede" , "BC" );
keyGenerator.getProvider();
keyGenerator.init( 168 );
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte [] bytesKey = secretKey.getEncoded();
//KEY转换
DESedeKeySpec deSedeKeySpec = new DESedeKeySpec(bytesKey);
SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance( "DESede" );
Key convertSecretKey = factory.generateSecret(deSedeKeySpec);
//加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance( "DESede/ECB/PKCS5Padding" );
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
byte [] encodeResult = cipher.doFinal(TripleDESDemo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "TripleDESEncode :" + Hex.toHexString(encodeResult));
//解密
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,convertSecretKey);
byte [] DecodeResult = cipher.doFinal(encodeResult);
System.out.println( "TripleDESDncode :" + new String (DecodeResult));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
jdkTripleDES ();
bcTripleDES ();
}
}
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4.AES
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package com.tancky.security;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.Security;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex;
public class AESDemo {
private static String src = "TestAES" ;
public static void jdkAES (){
try {
//生成Key
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "AES" );
keyGenerator.init( 128 );
//keyGenerator.init(128, new SecureRandom("seedseedseed".getBytes()));
//使用上面这种初始化方法可以特定种子来生成密钥,这样加密后的密文是唯一固定的。
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte [] keyBytes = secretKey.getEncoded();
//Key转换
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "AES" );
//加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance( "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding" );
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
byte [] encodeResult = cipher.doFinal(AESDemo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "AESencode : " + Hex.toHexString(encodeResult) );
//解密
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
byte [] decodeResult = cipher.doFinal(encodeResult);
System.out.println( "AESdecode : " + new String (decodeResult));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void bcAES (){
try {
//使用BouncyCastle 的DES加密
Security.addProvider( new BouncyCastleProvider());
//生成Key
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "AES" , "BC" );
keyGenerator.getProvider();
keyGenerator.init( 128 );
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
byte [] keyBytes = secretKey.getEncoded();
//Key转换
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "AES" );
//加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance( "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding" );
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
byte [] encodeResult = cipher.doFinal(AESDemo.src.getBytes());
System.out.println( "AESencode : " + Hex.toHexString(encodeResult) );
//解密
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
byte [] decodeResult = cipher.doFinal(encodeResult);
System.out.println( "AESdecode : " + new String (decodeResult));
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
// TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
jdkAES();
bcAES();
}
}
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,同时也希望多多支持服务器之家!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/tancky/p/6409823.html