一,设计背景
由于所在公司ORACLE数据库较多,传统人工监控表空间的方式较耗时,且无法记录历史表空间数据,无法判断每日表空间增长量,在没有gridcontrol/cloudcontrol软件的情况下,笔者设计如下表空间监控方案,大家也可以根据自己的实际情况对下面的方案进行修改。
二,设计思路
通过dblink将来查询到的表空间数据集中汇总到一张表里通过crontab跑定时任务从各台服务器获取表空间使用情况信息。
三,具体实施步骤
1.所在oracle数据库ip地址信息(下面为举例说明具体情况要根据所在环境设置)
2.在tbsmonitor主机上创建tbsmonitor表空间
create tablespace tbsmonitor datafile '/opt/u01/app/oradata/tbsmonitor/tsmonitor.dbf' size 50M autoextend on;
3.在tbsmonitor和database1/database2/database3上建立tbsmonitor用户用来做表空间监控。
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create user tsmonitor identified by I11m8cb default tablespace tsmonitor;
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4.为了tbsmonitor用户赋权用来查找表空间使用情况。
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grant resource to tbsmonitor;
grant create session to tbsmonitor;
grant create table to tbsmonitor;
grant select on dba_data_files to tbsmonitor;
grant select on dba_free_space to tbsmonitor;
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5.在tbsmonitor上建立database1/ database2/ database3的tnsnames.ora连接,在tnsnames.ora文件中加入
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DATABASE1 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.21.1)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID= database1)))
DATABASE2 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.21.2)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID= database2)))
DATABASE3 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.21.3)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA=(SID= database3)))
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6.修改/etc/hosts文件,如果有dns服务器的话可以略过
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10.1.21.2 database1
10.1.21.3 database2
10.1.21.4 database3
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7.在tbsmonitor主机设置dblink,这样就能通过dblink从被监控服务器远程抽取表空间信息。
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create database link TO_DATABASE1
connect to TSMONITOR identified by I11m08cb
using 'DATABASE1' ;
create database link TO_DATABASE2
connect to TSMONITOR identified by I11m08cb
using 'DATABASE2' ;
create database link TO_DATABASE3
connect to TSMONITOR identified by I11m08cb
using 'DATABASE3' ;
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8.建立tbsmonitor表,表空间统计数据将插入这张表。
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create table tbsmonitor.tbsmonitor
(
ipaddress VARCHAR2(200),
instancename VARCHAR2(200),
tablespace_name VARCHAR2(200),
datafile_count NUMBER,
size_mb NUMBER,
free_mb NUMBER,
used_mb NUMBER,
maxfree NUMBER,
pct_used NUMBER,
pct_free NUMBER,
time DATE
) tablespace tbsmonitor;
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9. 在crontab中运行每日0点1分更新数据库表空间信息的脚本tbsmonitor.sh(我根据业务需要每日统计一次,大家也可以通过业务要求修改统计频率)
1 0 * * * /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor.sh
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#!/bin/bash
#FileName: tbsmonitor.sh
#CreateDate:2016-01-1
#version:1.0
#Discription:take the basic information to insert into the table tbs_usage
# Author:FUZHOU HOT
#Email:15980219172@139.com
ORACLE_SID= tbsmonitor
ORACLE_BASE= /opt/u01/app
ORACLE_HOME= /opt/u01/app/oracle
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME /bin :$PATH; export PATH
export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME
date >> /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor .sh
sqlplus sys /I11m08cb as sysdba <<EOF >> /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor .log 2>&1
@ /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/ tbsmonitor.sql;
@ /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/database1 .sql;
@ /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/database2 .sql;
@ /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/database3 .sql;
EOF
echo >> /opt/u01/app/oracle/ tbsmonitor.log
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11.创建插入脚本(拿database1举例,以此类推)
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/opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/database1 .sql; /opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/database2 .sql;
/opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/database3 .sql;
/opt/u01/app/oracle/tbsmonitor/ tbsmonitor.sql;
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Sql脚本如下
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insert into tsmonitor.tbsmonitor SELECT utl_inaddr.get_host_address( 'DATABASE1' ) ipaddress,
( select instance_name from v$instance) instancename,
df.tablespace_name,
COUNT (*) datafile_count,
ROUND( SUM (df.BYTES) / 1048576) size_mb,
ROUND( SUM ( free .BYTES) / 1048576, 2) free_mb,
ROUND( SUM (df.BYTES) / 1048576 - SUM ( free .BYTES) / 1048576, 2) used_mb,
ROUND( MAX ( free .maxbytes) / 1048576, 2) maxfree,
100 - ROUND(100.0 * SUM ( free .BYTES) / SUM (df.BYTES), 2) pct_used,
ROUND(100.0 * SUM ( free .BYTES) / SUM (df.BYTES), 2) pct_free,sysdate time
FROM dba_data_files@TO_DATABASE1 df,
( SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
SUM (BYTES) BYTES,
MAX (BYTES) maxbytes
FROM dba_free_space@TO_DATABASE1
GROUP BY tablespace_name, file_id) free
WHERE df.tablespace_name = free .tablespace_name(+)
AND df.file_id = free .file_id(+)
GROUP BY df.tablespace_name
ORDER BY 6;
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12.查看表空间使用占比可以使用如下语句(如果要查看某台机器可以带上条件where ipaddress='xxxx' and instance='xxxxx' and to_char(time,'yyyy-mm-dd')='xxxx-xx-xx')
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SELECT IPADDRESS ,
Instancename,
tablespace_name,
datafile_count,
size_mb "表空间大小(M)" ,
used_mb "已使用空间(M)" ,
TO_CHAR(ROUND((used_mb) / size_mb * 100,
2),
'990.99' ) "使用比" ,
free_mb "空闲空间(M)"
FROM tbsmonitor. tbsmonitor order by "使用比" desc
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13.查看每日增量可以使用如下脚本。(下面显示的是4-8日10.1.21.2表空间增长的情况)
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select a.tablespace_name,(b.used_mb-a.used_mb) increase,a.ipaddress from
( select * from tsmonitor.tbs_usage where to_char( time , 'yyyy-mm-dd' )= '2016-01-04' ) a,
( select * from tsmonitor.tbs_usage where to_char( time , 'yyyy-mm-dd' )= '2016-01-08' ) b
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name and a.IPADDRESS=b.IPADDRESS order by increase desc
select * from tbsmonitor. tbsmonitor where ipaddress= '10.1.21.2' and to_char( time , 'yyyy-mm-dd' )= '2016-01-08'
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