什么是AspectCore Project ?
AspectCore Project 是适用于Asp.Net Core 平台的轻量级 Aop(Aspect-oriented programming) 解决方案,它更好的遵循Asp.Net Core的模块化开发理念,使用AspectCore可以更容易构建低耦合、易扩展的Web应用程序。AspectCore使用Emit实现高效的动态代理从而不依赖任何第三方Aop库。
开使使用AspectCore
启动 Visual Studio。从 File 菜单, 选择 New > Project。选择 ASP.NET Core Web Application 项目模版,创建新的 ASP.NET Core Web Application 项目。
- 从 Nuget 安装 AspectCore.Extensions.DependencyInjection package:
- PM> Install-Package AspectCore.Extensions.DependencyInjection
- 在一般情况下可以使用抽象的InterceptorAttribute自定义特性类,它实现IInterceptor接口。AspectCore默认实现了基于Attribute的拦截器配置。我们的自定义拦截器看起来像下面这样:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute
{
public async override Task Invoke(IAspectContext context, AspectDelegate next)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine( "Before service call" );
await next(context);
}
catch (Exception)
{
Console.WriteLine( "Service threw an exception!" );
throw ;
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine( "After service call" );
}
}
}
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定义ICustomService接口和它的实现类CustomService:
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public interface ICustomService
{
[CustomInterceptor]
void Call();
}
public class CustomService : ICustomService
{
public void Call()
{
Console.WriteLine( "service calling..." );
}
}
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在HomeController中注入ICustomService:
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public class HomeController : Controller
{
private readonly ICustomService _service;
public HomeController(ICustomService service)
{
_service = service;
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
_service.Call();
return View();
}
}
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注册ICustomService,接着,在ConfigureServices中配置创建代理类型的容器:
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public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddTransient<ICustomService, CustomService>();
services.AddMvc();
services.AddAspectCore();
return services.BuildAspectCoreServiceProvider();
}
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拦截器配置。首先安装AspectCore.Extensions.Configuration package:
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PM> Install-Package AspectCore.Extensions.Configuration
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全局拦截器。使用AddAspectCore(Action<AspectCoreOptions>)
的重载方法,其中AspectCoreOptions提供InterceptorFactories注册全局拦截器:
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services.AddAspectCore(config =>
{
config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>();
});
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带构造器参数的全局拦截器,在CustomInterceptorAttribute
中添加带参数的构造器:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute
{
private readonly string _name;
public CustomInterceptorAttribute( string name)
{
_name = name;
}
public async override Task Invoke(AspectContext context, AspectDelegate next)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine( "Before service call" );
await next(context);
}
catch (Exception)
{
Console.WriteLine( "Service threw an exception!" );
throw ;
}
finally
{
Console.WriteLine( "After service call" );
}
}
}
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修改全局拦截器注册:
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services.AddAspectCore(config =>
{
config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(args: new object [] { "custom" });
});
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作为服务的全局拦截器。在ConfigureServices中添加:
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services.AddTransient<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(provider => new CustomInterceptorAttribute( "service" ));
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修改全局拦截器注册:
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services.AddAspectCore(config =>
{
config.InterceptorFactories.AddServiced<CustomInterceptorAttribute>();
});
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作用于特定Service或Method的全局拦截器,下面的代码演示了作用于带有Service后缀的类的全局拦截器:
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services.AddAspectCore(config =>
{
config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(method => method.DeclaringType.Name.EndsWith( "Service" ));
});
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使用通配符的特定全局拦截器:
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services.AddAspectCore(config =>
{
config.InterceptorFactories.AddTyped<CustomInterceptorAttribute>(PredicateFactory.ForService( "*Service" ));
});
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在AspectCore中提供NonAspectAttribute来使得Service或Method不被代理:
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[NonAspect]
public interface ICustomService
{
void Call();
}
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同时支持全局忽略配置,亦支持通配符:
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services.AddAspectCore(config =>
{
//App1命名空间下的Service不会被代理
config.NonAspectOptions.AddNamespace( "App1" );
//最后一级为App1的命名空间下的Service不会被代理
config.NonAspectOptions.AddNamespace( "*.App1" );
//ICustomService接口不会被代理
config.NonAspectOptions.AddService( "ICustomService" );
//后缀为Service的接口和类不会被代理
config.NonAspectOptions.AddService( "*Service" );
//命名为Query的方法不会被代理
config.NonAspectOptions.AddMethod( "Query" );
//后缀为Query的方法不会被代理
config.NonAspectOptions.AddMethod( "*Query" );
});
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拦截器中的依赖注入。在拦截器中支持属性注入,构造器注入和服务定位器模式。
属性注入,在拦截器中拥有public get and set权限的属性标记[AspectCore.Abstractions.FromServices
](区别于Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.FromServices
)特性,即可自动注入该属性,如:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute
{
[AspectCore.Abstractions.FromServices]
public ILogger<CustomInterceptorAttribute> Logger { get ; set ; }
public override Task Invoke(AspectContext context, AspectDelegate next)
{
Logger.LogInformation( "call interceptor" );
return next(context);
}
}
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构造器注入需要使拦截器作为Service,除全局拦截器外,仍可使用ServiceInterceptor使拦截器从DI中激活:
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public interface ICustomService
{
[ServiceInterceptor( typeof (CustomInterceptorAttribute))]
void Call();
}
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服务定位器模式。拦截器上下文AspectContext可以获取当前Scoped的ServiceProvider:
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public class CustomInterceptorAttribute : InterceptorAttribute
{
public override Task Invoke(AspectContext context, AspectDelegate next)
{
var logger = context.ServiceProvider.GetService<ILogger<CustomInterceptorAttribute>>();
logger.LogInformation( "call interceptor" );
return next(context);
}
}
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使用Autofac和AspectCore。AspectCore原生支持集成Autofac,我们需要安装下面两个nuget packages:
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PM> Install-Package Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection
PM> Install-Package AspectCore.Extensions.Autofac
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AspectCore提供RegisterAspectCore扩展方法在Autofac的Container中注册动态代理需要的服务,并提供AsInterfacesProxy和AsClassProxy扩展方法启用interface和class的代理。修改ConfigureServices方法为:
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public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc();
var container = new ContainerBuilder();
container.RegisterAspectCore();
container.Populate(services);
container.RegisterType<CustomService>().As<ICustomService>().InstancePerDependency().AsInterfacesProxy();
return new AutofacServiceProvider(container.Build());
}
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有问题反馈
如果您有任何问题,请提交 Issue 给我们。
AspectCore Project 项目地址: https://github.com/aspectcore
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Asp.Net Core轻量级Aop解决方案:AspectCore,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/liuhaoyang/p/aspectcore-introduction-1.html