yum update升级以后的系统版本为 [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
一般网上给出的资料都是 #yum install mysql
#yum install mysql-server
#yum install mysql-devel
安装mysql和mysql-devel都成功，但是安装mysql-server失败，如下：
[[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No package mysql-server available.
Error: Nothing to do |
查资料发现是CentOS 7 版本将MySQL数据库软件从默认的程序列表中移除，用mariadb代替了。 有两种解决办法： 1、方法一：安装mariadb MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，主要由开源社区在维护，采用GPL授权许可。开发这个分支的原因之一是：甲骨文公司收购了MySQL后，有将MySQL闭源的潜在风险，因此社区采用分支的方式来避开这个风险。MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。 安装mariadb，大小59 M。 [[email protected] ~]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb mariadb数据库的相关命令是：
所以先启动数据库 [[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mariadb 然后就可以正常使用mysql了 [[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mariadb
| [[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: （首次登录密码为空）
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
--------------------------
| Database |
--------------------------
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
--------------------------
4 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
设置密码
| MariaDB [(none)]> set password for ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ =password(‘redhat‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> |
安装mariadb后显示的也是 MariaDB [(none)]> ，可能看起来有点不习惯。下面是第二种方法。 2、方法二：官网下载安装mysql-server
| [[email protected] ~]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%] [[email protected] ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
total 48
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1664 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1309 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 649 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 314 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 630 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1331 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6639 Sep 5 09:05 CentOS-Vault.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 951 Oct 2 2017 epel.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1050 Oct 2 2017 epel-testing.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1209 Jan 29 2014 mysql-community.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1060 Jan 29 2014 mysql-community-source.repo |
[[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql-community-server 安装成功后重启mysql服务。 [[email protected] ~]# service mysqld restart 初次安装mysql，root账户没有密码。
| [[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.45 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases;
--------------------------
| Database |
--------------------------
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
--------------------------
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> |
设置密码
| mysql> set password for ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ =password(‘redhat‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> |
不需要重启数据库即可生效。 在mysql安装过程中如下内容： 
所以安装完以后mariadb自动就被替换了，将不再生效。
1、编码 mysql配置文件为/etc/my.cnf 最后加上编码配置 [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
| [mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock symbolic-links=0 [mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid [mysql]
default-character-set =utf8 !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d |
这里的字符编码必须和/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml中一致。 [[email protected] ~]# vim /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml 
2、远程连接设置 把在所有数据库的所有表的所有权限赋值给位于所有IP地址的root用户。
| [[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: (密码是:redhat)
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]‘%‘identified by ‘redhat‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> |
如果是新用户而不是root，则要先新建用户
| MariaDB [(none)]> create user ‘admin‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘Xuanbao123456‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) |
此时就可以进行远程连接了。
| [[email protected] ~]# mysql -uadmin -p -h192.168.122.20
Enter password: (密码是:Xuanbao123456)
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 7
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> |
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