之前有写利用md5方式来做差异备份,但是这种md5方式来写存在以下问题:
•md5sum获取有些软连接的MD5值存在问题
•不支持对空目录进行备份,因为md5sum无法获取空目录的md5值
•权限的修改md5sum无法判断
解决方案:
利用文件的mtime ctime
mtime(Modified time)是在写入文件时随文件内容的更改而更改的
ctime(Create time)是在写入文件、更改所有者、权限或链接设置时随Inode的内容更改而更改的
废话不多说直接上代码:
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#!/usr/bin/env python
import time,os,sys,cPickle
fileInfo = {}
def logger(time,fileName,status,fileNum):
f = open ( 'backup.log' , 'a' )
f.write( "%s\t%s\t%s\t\t%s\n" % (time,fileName,status,fileNum))
def tar(sDir,dDir,fileNum):
command = "tar zcf %s %s >/dev/null 2>&1" % (dDir + ".tar.gz" ,sDir)
if os.system(command) = = 0 :
logger(time.strftime( '%F %X' ),dDir + ".tar.gz" , 'success' ,fileNum)
else :
logger(time.strftime( '%F %X' ),dDir + ".tar.gz" , 'failed' ,fileNum)
def fullBak(path):
fileNum = 0
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
for name in files:
file = os.path.join(root, name)
mtime = os.path.getmtime( file )
ctime = os.path.getctime( file )
fileInfo[ file ] = (mtime,ctime)
fileNum + = 1
f = open (P, 'w' )
cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)
f.close()
tar(S,D,fileNum)
def diffBak(path):
for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
for name in files:
file = os.path.join(root,name)
mtime = os.path.getmtime( file )
ctime = os.path.getctime( file )
fileInfo[ file ] = (mtime,ctime)
if os.path.isfile(P) = = 0 :
f = open (P, 'w' )
f.close()
if os.stat(P).st_size = = 0 :
f = open (P, 'w' )
cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)
fileNum = len (fileInfo.keys())
f.close()
print fileNum
tar(S,D,fileNum)
else :
f = open (P)
old_fileInfo = cPickle.load(f)
f.close()
difference = dict ( set (fileInfo.items())^ set (old_fileInfo.items()))
fileNum = len (difference)
print fileNum
difference_file = ' ' .join(difference.keys())
print difference_file
tar(difference_file,D,fileNum)
f = open (P, 'w' )
cPickle.dump(fileInfo,f)
f.close()
def Usage():
print '''
Syntax: python file_bakcup.py pickle_file model source_dir filename_bk
model: 1:Full backup 2:Differential backup
example: python file_backup.py fileinfo.pk 2 /etc etc_$(date +%F)
explain: Automatically add '.tar.gz' suffix
'''
sys.exit()
if len (sys.argv) ! = 5 :
Usage()
P = sys.argv[ 1 ]
M = int (sys.argv[ 2 ])
S = sys.argv[ 3 ]
D = sys.argv[ 4 ]
if M = = 1 :
fullBak(S)
elif M = = 2 :
diffBak(S)
else :
print "\033[;31mDoes not support this mode\033[0m"
Usage()
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测试:
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$ python file_backup.py data.pk 1 data data_$(date + % F) #全备份
$ > data / www.zzvips.com #测试创建文件,修改文件权限
$ chmod 777 data / py / eshop_bk / data.db
$ python file_backup.py data.pk 2 data data_$(date + % F)_1 #备份改变的文件
2
data / py / eshop_bk / data.db data / www.zzvips.com
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看了博主的代码,很受启发,但是有一个问题,如果我完成完整备份之后,删除了其中某个文件,再做差异备份,可以检测出被删除的文件,但是执行tar就会出错,因为这个文件已经是不存在的了,所以在执行tar之前,最好用os.path.exists()判断一下差异文件路径是否存在,如果不存在则不执行tar, 反馈一条文件删除信息。