一.前言
这是一个基于SpringBoot整合Sharding-JDBC实现读写分离的极简教程，笔者使用到的技术及版本如下：
- SpringBoot 2.5.2
- MyBatis-Plus 3.4.3
- Sharding-JDBC 4.1.1
- MySQL8集群（看笔者前一篇文章有部署教程）
二.项目目录结构
三.pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>xyz.hcworld</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>sharding-jdbc-demo</name>
<description>多数据源切换实例</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-plus依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- sharding-jdbc（多数据源切换） -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
四.配置文件（基于YAML）及SQL建表语句
spring:
main:
allow-bean-definition-overriding: true
#显示sql
shardingsphere:
props:
sql:
show: true
masterslave:
#配置主从名称
name: ms
#置主库master,负责数据的写入
master-data-source-name: ds1
#配置从库slave节点
slave-data-source-names: ds2,ds3
#配置slave节点的负载均衡均衡策略,采用轮询机制，有两种算法：round_robin(轮询)和random(随机)
load-balance-algorithm-type: round_robin
sharding:
#配置默认数据源ds1 默认数据源,主要用于写
default-data-source-name: ds1
# 配置数据源
datasource:
names: ds1,ds2,ds3
#master-ds1数据库连接信息
ds1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.142:3307/sharding-jdbc-db?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
maxPoolSize: 100
minPoolSize: 5
#slave-ds2数据库连接信息
ds2:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.142:3308/sharding-jdbc-db?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
maxPoolSize: 100
minPoolSize: 5
#slave-ds3数据库连接信息
ds3:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.142:3309/sharding-jdbc-db?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
maxPoolSize: 100
minPoolSize: 5
#mybatis-plus配置
mybatis-plus:
type-aliases-package: xyz.hcworld.demo.model
mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**Mapper.xml
CREATE TABLE `t_user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `nickname` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `sex` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `birthday` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
五.Mapper.xml文件及Mapper接口
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="xyz.hcworld.demo.mapper.UserMapper">
<update id="addUser">
INSERT INTO t_user(nickname,PASSWORD,sex,birthday) VALUES(#{nickname},#{password},#{sex},#{birthday})
</update>
<select id="findUsers" resultType="xyz.hcworld.demo.model.User">
SELECT
id,
nickname,
PASSWORD,
sex,
birthday
FROM t_user;
</select>
</mapper>
package xyz.hcworld.demo.mapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import xyz.hcworld.demo.model.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @ClassName: UserMapper
* @Author: 张红尘
* @Date: 2021-07-20
* @Version： 1.0
*/
@Component
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
void addUser(User user);
List<User> findUsers();
}
六 .Controller及Mocel文件
package xyz.hcworld.demo.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import xyz.hcworld.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import xyz.hcworld.demo.model.User;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @ClassName: UserController
* @Author: 张红尘
* @Date: 2021-07-20
* @Version： 1.0
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@PostMapping("/save")
public String addUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setNickname("zhangsan" + new SecureRandom().nextInt());
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setSex(1);
user.setBirthday("1997-12-03");
userMapper.addUser(user);
return user.toString();
}
@GetMapping("/findUsers")
public List<User> findUsers() {
return userMapper.findUsers();
}
}
package xyz.hcworld.demo.model;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
/**
* @ClassName: User
* @Author: 张红尘
* @Date: 2021-07-20
* @Version： 1.0
*/
@Data
@TableName("t_user")
public class User {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
private String nickname;
private String password;
private Integer sex;
private String birthday;
}
七.结果
从结果可以看出，写入操作全部通过ds1数据库（master）数据库完成，而读操作因为设置了轮询的缘故，由ds2（slaver）、ds3（slaver2）数据库完成。这样就实现了基于一主二从的数据库集群的读写分离操作。
八.Sharding-JDBC不同版本上的配置
网上Sharding-JDBC的教程多为4.0.0.RC1版本，笔者使用的是最新的4.1.1所以
在该部分数据库地址在4.1.1为jdbc-url在4.0.0.RC1上需要改为url否则会启动失败
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://XXXX/XXXX
且网上教程多为properties文件，笔者将其转变为YAML文件更加能直观感受
项目下载
GitHub:https://github.com/z875479694h/sharding-jdbc-demo
到此这篇关于SpringBoot整合Sharding-JDBC实现MySQL8读写分离的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关SpringBoot Sharding-JDBC MySQL8读写分离内容请搜索服务器之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持服务器之家！
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37181910/article/details/118963995