在高并发请求的web服务架构中,随着数据量的提升,缓存机制为绝大多数的后台开发所使用。这篇文章主要介绍如何在Spring Boot项目中为Entity添加利用Redis实现的集中式缓存。
1. 利用Spring Initializr来新建一个spring boot项目
2. 在pom.xml中添加redis、mysql和cache等相关依赖。一般情况下,缓存一般是在大规模数据库存储下所需要的
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< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-cache</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-data-redis</ artifactId >
< version >1.5.2.RELEASE</ version >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >mysql</ groupId >
< artifactId >mysql-connector-java</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
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3. 在application.properties中添加mysql、redis等数据库相关配置。这里我设置显示了每次hibernate读写数据库时所执行的sql语句,用于查看数据库的读取情况
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# JPA配置
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_db
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.show_sql=true
# Redis配置
spring.session.store-type=redis
spring.redis.database=0
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379
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4. 编写一个简单的Entity来存储示例数据。注意,为了使数据能够作为缓存存储在redis中,一定要将这个实体类实现Serializable接口
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@Entity
public class User implements Serializable {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private long id;
@Column (nullable = false )
private String name;
@Column (nullable = false )
private int age;
public User() {}
public User(String name, int age) {
this .name = name;
this .age = age;
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( long id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String username) {
this .name = username;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge( int age) {
this .age = age;
}
}
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5. 先不设置User对象的获取是利用了缓存机制,则JPA代码则如下所示
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public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
User findByName(String name);
}
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6. 编写主函数代码。这里先存储一个User实例对象,然后读取两次这个对象,并查看log
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@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger( this .getClass());
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication. class , args);
}
@Bean
public CommandLineRunner init(UserRepository userRepository) {
return args -> {
userRepository.save( new User( "zhtian" , 21 ));
logger.info( "第一次读取: " + userRepository.findByName( "zhtian" ).getAge());
logger.info( "第二次读取: " + userRepository.findByName( "zhtian" ).getAge());
};
}
}
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运行代码后可以看到log显示了三次sql语句的使用,一次存入数据库,两次读取数据库
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hibernate: insert into user (age, name) values (?, ?)
2017-06-12 01:44:35.591 INFO 9640 — [ main] o.h.h.i.QueryTranslatorFactoryInitiator : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.name=?
2017-06-12 01:44:35.706 INFO 9640 — [ main] ication$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$8a74524d : 第一次读取: 21
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.name=?
2017-06-12 01:44:35.706 INFO 9640 — [ main] ication$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$8a74524d : 第二次读取: 21
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6. 在项目中加入缓存的配置
首先在Application中加入缓存配置注解,表示spring boot可以自动地检测生成是否有可用的缓存配置,这里是根据依赖判断可以使用redis作为缓存的数据驱动
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@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching
public class DemoApplication {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger( this .getClass());
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication. class , args);
}
@Bean
public CommandLineRunner init(UserRepository userRepository) {
return args -> {
userRepository.save( new User( "zhtian" , 21 ));
logger.info( "第一次读取: " + userRepository.findByName( "zhtian" ).getAge());
logger.info( "第二次读取: " + userRepository.findByName( "zhtian" ).getAge());
};
}
}
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然后在JPA代码代码中添加缓存配置注解。这里
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@CacheConfig (cacheNames = "users" )
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
@Cacheable
User findByName(String name);
}
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再一次运行代码,观察到log中只有两次sql语句的使用,一次存入,一次读取,表明第二次读取数据是从缓存中获得的而不是从数据库中获得的
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Hibernate: insert into user (age, name) values (?, ?)
2017-06-12 01:52:41.468 INFO 10680 — [ main] o.h.h.i.QueryTranslatorFactoryInitiator : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.name=?
2017-06-12 01:52:41.589 INFO 10680 — [ main] ication$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$1dda78b5 : 第一次读取: 21
2017-06-12 01:52:41.589 INFO 10680 — [ main] ication$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$1dda78b5 : 第二次读取: 21
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利用Redis客户端查看缓存存储情况
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127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) “users:\xac\xed\x00\x05t\x00\x06zhtian”
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如此,表明成功地在Spring Boot项目中添加缓存机制
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/skyebefreeman/article/details/73086893