matlab中高维数组怎么做PCA?

时间:2023-11-10 13:11:38
PCA需要先求数据的散布矩阵x*x',再求其特征向量,那么随便一个400*450的图像,就是180000维,矩阵就是180000*180000,matlab无法容纳,那么通常的PCA对图像的降维,比如求eigenface是怎么实现的?难道都是很小的图像?修改
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matlab中高维数组怎么做PCA?吕祺喜欢思考,爱美好的食物 修改话题经验

Suppose you store the images as column vectors of length NxN (the 
number of pixels in each image) and that you have M images, you'll end 
up with a matrix G (N^2 x M) :


CovMat = -------- G G^T 
M - 1

this is what you are trying to find the eigenvalues/eigenvectors for, 
right?

There is a trick widely used when doing PCA on sets of images, it is 
based on the fact that the (M x M) matrix:


lmCovMat = -------- G^T G 
M - 1

has the same non-zero eigenvalues of CovMat. So what you do is to 
compute the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of this low memory covariance 
matrix and then, for the eigenvectors, compute:

E = G lmE

where E is a matrix containing the wanted eigenvectors and lmE is the 
matrix of the eigenvectors compouted from the lmCovMat.

This is implemented already in the OpenCV libraries.

Hope it helps.

clear
[x]=load_imgs('training');
x=x(1:100,:);
a1=x*x';
b=x'*x;
[va,p]=eig(a1/27);
[vb,q]=eig(b/27);
%b/27*vb(:,1)==q(1)*vb(:,1);