nginx rewrite 伪静态配置参数和使用例子 附正则使用说明
正则表达式匹配,其中:
* ~ 为区分大小写匹配
* ~* 为不区分大小写匹配
* !~和!~*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配
文件及目录匹配,其中:
* -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件
* -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录
* -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录
* -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行
flag标记有:
* last 相当于Apache里的[L]标记,表示完成rewrite
* break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则
* redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
* permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
一些可用的全局变量有,可以用做条件判断(待补全)
$args
$content_length
$content_type
$document_root
$document_uri
$host
$http_user_agent
$http_cookie
$limit_rate
$request_body_file
$request_method
$remote_addr
$remote_port
$remote_user
$request_filename
$request_uri
$query_string
$scheme
$server_protocol
$server_addr
$server_name
$server_port
$uri
结合QeePHP的例子
01 |
if (!-d $request_filename) {
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02 |
rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;
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03 |
rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;
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06 |
abc.domian.com/ sort /2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act= sort &name=abc& id =2
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07 |
if ($host ~* (.*)\.domain\.com) {
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09 |
rewrite ^/ sort \/(\d+)\/?$ /index.php?act= sort &cid=$sub_name& id =$1 last;
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12 |
/123456/xxxx -> /xxxx? id =123456
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13 |
rewrite ^/(\d+)/(.+)/ /$2? id =$1 last;
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14 |
#例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下: |
15 |
if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {
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16 |
rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break ;
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19 |
if (-d $request_filename){
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20 |
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
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27 |
location ~ ^/( cron |templates)/ {
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32 |
#可以禁止/data/下多级目录下.log.txt等请求; |
38 |
location /searchword/ cron / {
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42 |
location ~ /data/sql/data.sql { |
45 |
#给favicon.ico和robots.txt设置过期时间; |
46 |
#这里为favicon.ico为99 天,robots.txt为7天并不记录404错误日志 |
47 |
location ~(favicon.ico) { |
53 |
location ~(robots.txt) { |
58 |
#设定某个文件的过期时间;这里为600秒,并不记录访问日志 |
59 |
location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js { |
61 |
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
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66 |
#这里的return 412 为自定义的http状态码,默认为403,方便找出正确的盗链的请求 |
68 |
#“access_log off;”不记录访问日志,减轻压力 |
69 |
#“expires 3d”所有文件3天的浏览器缓存 |
70 |
location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ { |
71 |
valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194;
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72 |
if ($invalid_referer) {
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78 |
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web; |
只充许固定ip访问网站,并加上密码
root /opt/htdocs/www;
allow 208.97.167.194;
allow 222.33.1.2;
allow 231.152.49.4;
deny all;
auth_basic "C1G_ADMIN";
auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;
将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件,增强seo效果
/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html
rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;
将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录
如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/
如果你将last改成permanent,那么浏览器地址栏显是 /location/shanghai/
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
这样/shanghai 也可以访问了,但页面中的相对链接无法使用,
如./list_1.html真实地址是/area /shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。
那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯
(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录,而我的rewrite不是的,所以没有效果
if (-d $request_filename){
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
}
知道原因后就好办了,让我手动跳转吧
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
002 |
if (!-e $request_filename) {
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009 |
server_name jump.31diy.com;
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010 |
index index.html index.htm index.php;
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011 |
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
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017 |
index index.html index.htm index.php; |
018 |
root /opt/lampp/htdocs; |
019 |
if ($host ~ "31diy\.net" ) {
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023 |
if ($http_host ~* "^(.*)\.i\.31diy\.com$" ) {
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024 |
rewrite ^(.*) http:// top .yingjiesheng.com$1/;
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031 |
server_name mirror.31diy.com;
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032 |
index index.html index.htm index.php;
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033 |
root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
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038 |
location ^~ /zhaopinhui { |
043 |
#discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite |
044 |
rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)\.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last; |
045 |
rewrite ^/(space|network)\.html$ /$1.php last; |
046 |
rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last; |
048 |
rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last; |
049 |
rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last; |
050 |
rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page\%3D$4&page=$3 last; |
051 |
rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last; |
052 |
rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last; |
053 |
rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last; |
056 |
server_name bbs.31diy.com news.31diy.com; |
059 |
if ($http_host ~ news\.31diy.com$) {
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064 |
#discuz ucenter 头像 rewrite 优化 |
065 |
location ^~ /ucenter { |
068 |
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
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069 |
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
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070 |
fastcgi_index index.php;
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074 |
location /ucenter/data/avatar {
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077 |
location ~ /(.*)_big\.jpg$ {
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078 |
error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;
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080 |
location ~ /(.*)_middle\.jpg$ {
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081 |
error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;
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083 |
location ~ /(.*)_small\.jpg$ {
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084 |
error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;
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093 |
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
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094 |
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
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095 |
fastcgi_index index.php;
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099 |
location ~* ^/index.php/ |
101 |
rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break ;
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102 |
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
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103 |
fastcgi_index index.php;
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