平台
点击这里进入 蚂蚁金服开放平台
沙箱
点击这里进入 沙箱环境
初始界面
设置公钥
下载创建秘钥工具
1. 进入文档中心 这里
2. 选中 电脑网站支付
3. 进入后选中 API 列表 中的 统一收单下单并支付页面接口
4. 进入后点击 sign 的 签名
5. 进入后选择第一步, 然后选择 windows 下载工具
生成秘钥
下载解压后运行
会自动保存两份 txt, 这两个文件一定要妥善保管
保存秘钥
将两个文件要做个修改, 最前和最后加上这两行, 且不要用中文命名
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
...
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
将两个文件保存在在项目文件的订单程序下
同时再吧页面上的支付宝公钥复制下来保存在自己的项目中, 和上面类似的格式
设置公钥
注意是公钥,
订单URL 生成
目录结构
订单URL 生成逻辑文件
详细的API对接处理 这里 (内含所有的详细的参数选择)
相关的 python 实现代码 github 上都有,详情 这里
Python 官方没有提供指引, 可以使用此文件代码来实现 url 的生成
# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
__author__ = "yangtuo"
__date__ = "2019/4/24 16:25" # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # pip install pycryptodome from datetime import datetime
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from base64 import b64encode, b64decode
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs
from urllib.request import urlopen
from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes import json class AliPay(object):
"""
支付宝支付接口
""" def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path,
alipay_public_key_path, return_url, debug=False):
self.appid = appid
self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url
self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path
self.app_private_key = None
self.return_url = return_url
with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp:
self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read()) self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path
with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp:
self.alipay_public_key = RSA.import_key(fp.read()) if debug is True:
self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do"
else:
self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do" def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs):
biz_content = {
"subject": subject,
"out_trade_no": out_trade_no,
"total_amount": total_amount,
"product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY",
# "qr_pay_mode":4
} biz_content.update(kwargs)
data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url)
return self.sign_data(data) def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None):
data = {
"app_id": self.appid,
"method": method,
"charset": "utf-8",
"sign_type": "RSA2",
"timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
"version": "1.0",
"biz_content": biz_content
} if return_url is not None:
data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url
data["return_url"] = self.return_url return data def sign_data(self, data):
data.pop("sign", None)
# 排序后的字符串
unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8"))
# ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data)
quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(v)) for k, v in unsigned_items) # 获得最终的订单信息字符串
signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign)
return signed_string def ordered_data(self, data):
complex_keys = []
for key, value in data.items():
if isinstance(value, dict):
complex_keys.append(key) # 将字典类型的数据dump出来
for key in complex_keys:
data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':')) return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()]) def sign(self, unsigned_string):
# 开始计算签名
key = self.app_private_key
signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string))
# base64 编码,转换为unicode表示并移除回车
sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("\n", "")
return sign def _verify(self, raw_content, signature):
# 开始计算签名
key = self.alipay_public_key
signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
digest = SHA256.new()
digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8"))
if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))):
return True
return False def verify(self, data, signature):
if "sign_type" in data:
sign_type = data.pop("sign_type")
# 排序后的字符串
unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
return self._verify(message, signature) if __name__ == "__main__":
return_url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/?total_amount=100.00×tamp=2017-08-15+23%3A53%3A34&sign=e9E9UE0AxR84NK8TP1CicX6aZL8VQj68ylugWGHnM79zA7BKTIuxxkf%2FvhdDYz4XOLzNf9pTJxTDt8tTAAx%2FfUAJln4WAeZbacf1Gp4IzodcqU%2FsIc4z93xlfIZ7OLBoWW0kpKQ8AdOxrWBMXZck%2F1cffy4Ya2dWOYM6Pcdpd94CLNRPlH6kFsMCJCbhqvyJTflxdpVQ9kpH%2B%2Fhpqrqvm678vLwM%2B29LgqsLq0lojFWLe5ZGS1iFBdKiQI6wZiisBff%2BdAKT9Wcao3XeBUGigzUmVyEoVIcWJBH0Q8KTwz6IRC0S74FtfDWTafplUHlL%2Fnf6j%2FQd1y6Wcr2A5Kl6BQ%3D%3D&trade_no=2017081521001004340200204115&sign_type=RSA2&auth_app_id=2016080600180695&charset=utf-8&seller_id=2088102170208070&method=alipay.trade.page.pay.return&app_id=2016080600180695&out_trade_no=20170202185&version=1.0'
o = urlparse(return_url)
query = parse_qs(o.query)
processed_query = {}
ali_sign = query.pop("sign")[0] alipay = AliPay(
appid="",
app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/",
app_private_key_path="../trade/keys/private_2048.txt",
alipay_public_key_path="../trade/keys/alipay_key_2048.txt", # 支付宝的公钥,验证支付宝回传消息使用,不是你自己的公钥,
debug=True, # 默认False,
return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/"
) for key, value in query.items():
processed_query[key] = value[0]
print(alipay.verify(processed_query, ali_sign)) url = alipay.direct_pay(
subject="测试订单2",
out_trade_no="20170202sss",
total_amount=100,
return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/"
)
re_url = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?{data}".format(data=url) print(re_url)
alipay.py
https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?app_id=2016100100636029&biz_content=%7B%22subject%22%3A%22%5Cu6d4b%5Cu8bd5%5Cu8ba2%5Cu53552%22%2C%22out_trade_no%22%3A%2220170202sss%22%2C%22total_amount%22%3A100%2C%22product_code%22%3A%22FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY%22%7D&charset=utf-8&method=alipay.trade.page.pay¬ify_url=http%3A%2F%2F127.0.0.1%3A8000%2Falipay%2Freturn%2F&return_url=http%3A%2F%2F127.0.0.1%3A8000%2Falipay%2Freturn%2F&sign_type=RSA2×tamp=2019-04-24+16%3A40%3A17&version=1.0&sign=w4mdZOool9ne634Hf59g%2FV9cjj7ctzp37D5fs0U9xvOrDOBih%2FkpwrMXyWj5oVk%2FGETPx0RT7AkyOmnNSdF%2BTOCHkF4BAhABhbKLvaQfUqRdwIqGgvSKt18GGHVweg3BMh0hkrfzEuREVNkZlH2BpYD0UP5FS2PTVd90YnBJaWcJ%2BGyhizF5qlOAYIYFghbx9EKKo5e37peq%2BiVzme6Yui0FW%2ByGbtb54V2Slbo0iaPFq67pVUeBk%2BGprov6hBNxaVsz8O069z7IcIlzwFaSkYVxPB5dSAa6UWhMwCOdqMcO90LWCAhYYeF5yS%2BzJa1Mp95gQhHNTP2L5WfYp4T0uQ%3D%3D
生成的 url
订单付款
订单付款界面
基于alipay.py 中的参数进行相关的设置之后生成的 url 访问即可进入付款界面
付款账号
沙箱环境的付款只能基于特定的账号或者指定的 沙箱支付宝软件才可以进行付款操作, 利用此账号付款后会基于是否设置回调决定下一步操作
付款成功回调
回调基于 return_url 以及 notify_url 两字段都是非必填, 如果不设置支付成功后悔进入成功页面无任何跳转即回调
return_url 同步接口
此跳转只在 PC 上支付成功后实现跳转, 只支持当前一次的请求处理
用户支付完成后, 支付宝基于此参数, 通过 GET 请求形式将部分支付结果参数通知到商户系统
notify_url 异步接口
允许订单的异步请求, 实现订单的延迟或者另外平台的后续付款请求
用户支付完成后, 支付宝基于此参数, 通过 POST 请求形式将部分支付结果参数通知到商户系统
简述总结
notify_url 是支付宝模拟post数据给你,只要状态改变就会post给你
return_url 是跳转,用户付款后跳转到你的页面.只有第一次会通知你,以后不会了.
订单状态
订单状态是支付宝指定的4种, 在自己的代码中的订单model 的订单状态字段也最好遵循
ORDER_STATUS = (
("TRADE_SUCCESS", "成功"),
("TRADE_CLOSED", "超时关闭"),
("WAIT_BUYER_PAY", "交易创建"),
("TRADE_FINISHED", "交易结束"),
("paying", "待支付"),
) pay_status = models.CharField(choices=ORDER_STATUS, default="paying", max_length=30, verbose_name="订单状态")
视图编写
前面又说两个 URL 的请求方式不同, 因此我们基于此进行区分, 然后通过在request 中取到相关的字段完成数据库的更新以及相关的跳转
return_url 最常见的请求是返回商户, 或者返回首页
notify_url 需要回传一个 "success" 信息给支付宝, 不然支付宝会一直像我们发送信息提示 ( 24h22m,8次 )
具体代码
# 支付宝支付
class AlipayView(APIView): # 没有 model 就直接 APIView 就可以了 # 处理支付宝的return_url返回
def get(self, request):
processed_dict = {}
for key, value in request.GET.items():
processed_dict[key] = value sign = processed_dict.pop("sign", None) alipay = AliPay(
appid="20xxxxxxx029",
app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/",
app_private_key_path=private_key_path,
alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥,验证支付宝回传消息使用,不是你自己的公钥,
debug=True, # 默认False,
return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/"
) verify_re = alipay.verify(processed_dict, sign) if verify_re is True:
order_sn = processed_dict.get('out_trade_no', None)
trade_no = processed_dict.get('trade_no', None)
trade_status = processed_dict.get('trade_status', None) existed_orders = OrderInfo.objects.filter(order_sn=order_sn)
for existed_order in existed_orders:
existed_order.pay_status = trade_status
existed_order.trade_no = trade_no
existed_order.pay_time = datetime.now()
existed_order.save() response = redirect("index")
response.set_cookie("nextPath", "pay", max_age=3)
return response
else:
response = redirect("index")
return response # 处理支付宝的notify_url
def post(self, request):
processed_dict = {}
for key, value in request.POST.items():
processed_dict[key] = value sign = processed_dict.pop("sign", None) alipay = AliPay(
appid="20xxxxxxx029",
app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/",
app_private_key_path=private_key_path,
alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥,验证支付宝回传消息使用,不是你自己的公钥,
debug=True, # 默认False,
return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/"
) verify_re = alipay.verify(processed_dict, sign) if verify_re is True:
order_sn = processed_dict.get('out_trade_no', None) # 商户网站唯一订单号
trade_no = processed_dict.get('trade_no', None) # 支付宝交易流水号
trade_status = processed_dict.get('trade_status', None) # 支付宝订单状态
# 查询本地是否有此订单
existed_orders = OrderInfo.objects.filter(order_sn=order_sn)
# 更新订单状态
for existed_order in existed_orders:
order_goods = existed_order.goods.all()
for order_good in order_goods:
goods = order_good.goods
goods.sold_num += order_good.goods_num
goods.save() existed_order.pay_status = trade_status
existed_order.trade_no = trade_no
existed_order.pay_time = datetime.now()
existed_order.save() return Response("success")
其他联调
订单的序列化组件中的 alipay_url 字段生成
# 支付宝相关的字段
alipay_url = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True) def get_alipay_url(self, obj):
alipay = AliPay(
appid="",
app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/",
app_private_key_path=private_key_path,
alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥,验证支付宝回传消息使用,不是你自己的公钥,
debug=True, # 默认False,
return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/alipay/return/"
) url = alipay.direct_pay(
subject=obj.order_sn,
out_trade_no=obj.order_sn,
total_amount=obj.order_mount,
)
re_url = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?{data}".format(data=url) return re_url
事后补充
支付宝改版后新版的支付宝的 return_url 返回数据中不再包含 trade_status, 即无法通过此参数进行订单状态的修改了.
但是 notify_url 不受影响, 对此的解释很大可能是安全问题, 需要商户自行再次进行一个判断状态想的逻辑处理.
修正后源码
class AlipayView(APIView):
def get(self, request):
"""
处理支付宝的return_url返回
"""
processed_dict = {}
# 1. 获取GET中参数
for key, value in request.GET.items():
processed_dict[key] = value
# 2. 取出sign
sign = processed_dict.pop("sign", None) # 3. 生成ALipay对象
alipay = AliPay(
appid="",
app_notify_url="http://115.159.122.64:8000/alipay/return/",
app_private_key_path=private_key_path,
alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥,验证支付宝回传消息使用,不是你自己的公钥,
debug=True, # 默认False,
return_url="http://115.159.122.64:8000/alipay/return/"
) verify_re = alipay.verify(processed_dict, sign) # 这里可以不做操作。因为不管发不发return url。notify url都会修改订单状态。
if verify_re is True:
order_sn = processed_dict.get('out_trade_no', None)
trade_no = processed_dict.get('trade_no', None) existed_orders = OrderInfo.objects.filter(order_sn=order_sn)
for existed_order in existed_orders:
existed_order.trade_no = trade_no
existed_order.pay_time = datetime.now()
existed_order.save() response = redirect("/index/#/app/home/member/order")
# response.set_cookie("nextPath","pay", max_age=3)
return response
else:
response = redirect("index")
return response def post(self, request):
"""
处理支付宝的notify_url
"""
# 1. 先将sign剔除掉
processed_dict = {}
for key, value in request.POST.items():
processed_dict[key] = value sign = processed_dict.pop("sign", None) # 2. 生成一个Alipay对象
alipay = AliPay(
appid="",
app_notify_url="http://115.159.122.64:8000/alipay/return/",
app_private_key_path=private_key_path,
alipay_public_key_path=ali_pub_key_path, # 支付宝的公钥,验证支付宝回传消息使用,不是你自己的公钥,
debug=True, # 默认False,
return_url="http://115.159.122.64:8000/alipay/return/"
) # 3. 进行验签,确保这是支付宝给我们的
verify_re = alipay.verify(processed_dict, sign) # 如果验签成功
if verify_re is True:
order_sn = processed_dict.get('out_trade_no', None)
trade_no = processed_dict.get('trade_no', None)
trade_status = processed_dict.get('trade_status', None) # 查询数据库中存在的订单
existed_orders = OrderInfo.objects.filter(order_sn=order_sn)
for existed_order in existed_orders:
# 订单商品项
order_goods = existed_order.goods.all()
# 商品销量增加订单中数值
for order_good in order_goods:
goods = order_good.goods
goods.sold_num += order_good.goods_num
goods.save() # 更新订单状态,填充支付宝给的交易凭证号。
existed_order.pay_status = trade_status
existed_order.trade_no = trade_no
existed_order.pay_time = datetime.now()
existed_order.save()
# 将success返回给支付宝,支付宝就不会一直不停的继续发消息了。
return Response("success")