[MySQL]MySQL数据库中如何查询分组后每组中的最后一条记录?

时间:2023-04-17 17:23:55

原文地址:https://codedefault.com/s/how-can-i-retrieve-the-last-record-in-each-group-mysql

问题描述

比如,在MySQL数据库中,有数据表messages和数据记录,如下:

Id   Name   Other_Columns
-------------------------
1 A A_data_1
2 A A_data_2
3 A A_data_3
4 B B_data_1
5 B B_data_2
6 C C_data_1

如果执行MySQL分组查询语句,如下:

select * from messages group by name

则会返回所有按name分组的第一条数据,如下:

1    A       A_data_1
4 B B_data_1
6 C C_data_1

那么,如何查询按name分组后返回每组最后一条数据的MySQL语句呢,返回的结果如下:

3    A       A_data_3
5 B B_data_2
6 C C_data_1

方案一

MySQL 8.0版本以前,可以使用如下的语句:

WITH ranked_messages AS (
SELECT m.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY name ORDER BY id DESC) AS rn
FROM messages AS m
)
SELECT * FROM ranked_messages WHERE rn = 1;

MySQL 8.0版本中,MySQL新增了对窗口函数(Window Functions)的支持,我们可以使用窗口函数来简化SQL查询语句,并且不需要使用GROUP BY子句,如下:

WITH ranked_messages AS (
SELECT m.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY name ORDER BY id DESC) AS rn
FROM messages AS m
)
SELECT * FROM ranked_messages WHERE rn = 1;

方案二

使用MySQLIN(...)子句,如下:

SELECT id, name, other_columns
FROM messages
WHERE id IN (
SELECT MAX(id)
FROM messages
GROUP BY name
);

方案三

使用MySQLGROUP_CONCATSUBSTRING_INDEX来查询,如下:

SELECT
`Id`,
`Name`,
SUBSTRING_INDEX(
GROUP_CONCAT(
`Other_Columns`
ORDER BY `Id` DESC
SEPARATOR '||'
),
'||',
1
) Other_Columns
FROM
messages
GROUP BY `Name`

实践代码:

 SELECT * from(
SELECT
( @i := CASE WHEN @pre_parent_code = sem_shop_wangwang THEN @i + 1 ELSE 1 END ) rownum,t_sem_logs.*,
( @pre_parent_code := sem_shop_wangwang )
FROM
t_sem_logs,
( SELECT @i := 0, @pre_parent_code := '' ) AS b
where sem_edit_time <= '2018-07-13'
GROUP BY
sem_shop_wangwang,id
ORDER BY sem_shop_wangwang desc,DATE_FORMAT(sem_edit_time,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s') DESC,sem_agree_state ASC
) a where rownum = 1 GROUP BY sem_agree_state order by DATE_FORMAT(sem_edit_time,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%m:%s') DESC;