解决FeignClient发送post请求异常的问题

时间:2022-08-22 22:22:24

FeignClient发送post请求异常

这个问题其实很基础。但是却难倒了我。记录一下

在发送post请求的时候要指定消息格式

正确的写法是这样

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@PostMapping(value = "/test/post", consumes = "application/json")
 String test(@RequestBody String name);

不生效的写法

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@PostMapping(value = "/test/post", produces= "application/json")

关于这个区别

produces:它的作用是指定返回值类型,不但可以设置返回值类型还可以设定返回值的字符编码;

consumes:指定处理请求的提交内容类型(Content-Type),例如application/json, text/html;

基础真的很重要啊~

FeignClient调用POST请求时查询参数被丢失的情况分析与处理

本文没有详细介绍 FeignClient 的知识点,网上有很多优秀的文章介绍了 FeignCient 的知识点,在这里本人就不重复了,只是专注在这个问题点上。

查询参数丢失场景

业务描述: 业务系统需要更新用户系统中的A资源,由于只想更新A资源的一个字段信息为B,所以没有选择通过 entity 封装B,而是直接通过查询参数来传递B信息

文字描述:使用FeignClient来进行远程调用时,如果POST请求中有查询参数并且没有请求实体(body为空),那么查询参数被丢失,服务提供者获取不到查询参数的值。

代码描述:B的值被丢失,服务提供者获取不到B的值

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@FeignClient(name = "a-service", configuration = FeignConfiguration.class)
public interface ACall {
 
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST, value = "/api/xxx/{A}", headers = {"Content-Type=application/json"})
    void updateAToB(@PathVariable("A") final String A, @RequestParam("B") final String B) throws Exception;
}

问题分析

背景

  1. 使用 FeignClient 客户端
  2. 使用 feign-httpclient 中的 ApacheHttpClient 来进行实际请求的调用
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<dependency>
    <groupId>com.netflix.feign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>8.18.0</version>
</dependency>

直入源码

通过对 FeignClient 的源码阅读,发现问题不是出在参数解析上,而是在使用 ApacheHttpClient 进行请求时,其将查询参数放进请求body中了,下面看源码具体是如何处理的

feign.httpclient.ApacheHttpClient 这是 feign-httpclient 进行实际请求的方法

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@Override
  public Response execute(Request request, Request.Options options) throws IOException {
    HttpUriRequest httpUriRequest;
    try {
      httpUriRequest = toHttpUriRequest(request, options);
    } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
      throw new IOException("URL '" + request.url() + "' couldn't be parsed into a URI", e);
    }
    HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpUriRequest);
    return toFeignResponse(httpResponse);
  }
 
  HttpUriRequest toHttpUriRequest(Request request, Request.Options options) throws
          UnsupportedEncodingException, MalformedURLException, URISyntaxException {
    RequestBuilder requestBuilder = RequestBuilder.create(request.method());
 
    //per request timeouts
    RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig
            .custom()
            .setConnectTimeout(options.connectTimeoutMillis())
            .setSocketTimeout(options.readTimeoutMillis())
            .build();
    requestBuilder.setConfig(requestConfig);
 
    URI uri = new URIBuilder(request.url()).build();
 
    requestBuilder.setUri(uri.getScheme() + "://" + uri.getAuthority() + uri.getRawPath());
 
    //request query params
    List<NameValuePair> queryParams = URLEncodedUtils.parse(uri, requestBuilder.getCharset().name());
    for (NameValuePair queryParam: queryParams) {
      requestBuilder.addParameter(queryParam);
    }
 
    //request headers
    boolean hasAcceptHeader = false;
    for (Map.Entry<String, Collection<String>> headerEntry : request.headers().entrySet()) {
      String headerName = headerEntry.getKey();
      if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase(ACCEPT_HEADER_NAME)) {
        hasAcceptHeader = true;
      }
 
      if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase(Util.CONTENT_LENGTH)) {
        // The 'Content-Length' header is always set by the Apache client and it
        // doesn't like us to set it as well.
        continue;
      }
 
      for (String headerValue : headerEntry.getValue()) {
        requestBuilder.addHeader(headerName, headerValue);
      }
    }
    //some servers choke on the default accept string, so we'll set it to anything
    if (!hasAcceptHeader) {
      requestBuilder.addHeader(ACCEPT_HEADER_NAME, "*/*");
    }
 
    //request body
    if (request.body() != null) {
 
    //body为空,则HttpEntity为空
 
      HttpEntity entity = null;
      if (request.charset() != null) {
        ContentType contentType = getContentType(request);
        String content = new String(request.body(), request.charset());
        entity = new StringEntity(content, contentType);
      } else {
        entity = new ByteArrayEntity(request.body());
      }
 
      requestBuilder.setEntity(entity);
    }
 
    //调用org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder#build方法
    return requestBuilder.build();
  }

org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder 此类是 HttpUriRequest 的Builder类,下面看build方法

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public HttpUriRequest build() {
        final HttpRequestBase result;
        URI uriNotNull = this.uri != null ? this.uri : URI.create("/");
        HttpEntity entityCopy = this.entity;
        if (parameters != null && !parameters.isEmpty()) {
    // 这里:如果HttpEntity为空,并且为POST请求或者为PUT请求时,这个方法会将查询参数取出来封装成了HttpEntity
    // 就是在这里查询参数被丢弃了,准确的说是被转换位置了
            if (entityCopy == null && (HttpPost.METHOD_NAME.equalsIgnoreCase(method)
                    || HttpPut.METHOD_NAME.equalsIgnoreCase(method))) {
                entityCopy = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters, charset != null ? charset : HTTP.DEF_CONTENT_CHARSET);
            } else {
                try {
                    uriNotNull = new URIBuilder(uriNotNull)
                      .setCharset(this.charset)
                      .addParameters(parameters)
                      .build();
                } catch (final URISyntaxException ex) {
                    // should never happen
                }
            }
        }
        if (entityCopy == null) {
            result = new InternalRequest(method);
        } else {
            final InternalEntityEclosingRequest request = new InternalEntityEclosingRequest(method);
            request.setEntity(entityCopy);
            result = request;
        }
        result.setProtocolVersion(this.version);
        result.setURI(uriNotNull);
        if (this.headergroup != null) {
            result.setHeaders(this.headergroup.getAllHeaders());
        }
        result.setConfig(this.config);
        return result;
    }

解决方案

既然已经知道原因了,那么解决方法就有很多种了,下面就介绍常规的解决方案:

  1. 使用 feign-okhttp 来进行请求调用,这里就不列源码了,感兴趣大家可以去看, feign-okhttp 底层没有判断如果body为空则把查询参数放入body中。
  2. 使用 io.github.openfeign:feign-httpclient:9.5.1 依赖,截取部分源码说明原因如下:
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HttpUriRequest toHttpUriRequest(Request request, Request.Options options) throws
          UnsupportedEncodingException, MalformedURLException, URISyntaxException {
    RequestBuilder requestBuilder = RequestBuilder.create(request.method());
 
   //省略部分代码
    //request body
    if (request.body() != null) {
      //省略部分代码
    } else {
    // 此处,如果为null,则会塞入一个byte数组为0的对象
      requestBuilder.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(new byte[0]));
    }
 
    return requestBuilder.build();
  }

推荐的依赖

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<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>9.5.1</version>
</dependency>

或者

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<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-okhttp</artifactId>
    <version>9.5.1</version>
</dependency>

总结

目前绝大部分的介绍 feign 的文章都是推荐的 com.netflix.feign:feign-httpclient:8.18.0 和 com.netflix.feign:feign-okhttp:8.18.0 ,如果不巧你使用了 com.netflix.feign:feign-httpclient:8.18.0,那么在POST请求时并且body为空时就会发生丢失查询参数的问题。

这里推荐大家使用 feign-httpclient 或者是 feign-okhttp的时候不要依赖 com.netflix.feign,而应该选择 io.github.openfeign,因为看起来 Netflix 很久没有对这两个组件进行维护了,而是由 OpenFeign 来进行维护了。

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/maobois/article/details/109903809