本文分成两部分，第一部分通过python3+pyqt5实现自定义数据的拖放操作。第二部分则对第一部分的程序进行修改，增加拖放操作时，菜单提示是否移动或拷贝，还有可以通过ctrl键盘来设置移动过程中拷贝源而非会将源删除。
自定义数据mime数据类型qmimedata，mime是一种用于处理具有多个组成部分的自定义数据的标准化格式。mime数据由一个数据类型和一个子类型构成–例如，text/plain，text/html，image/png，要处理自定义mime数据，就必须要选用一种自定义数据类型和一种子类型，然后将数据封装到qmimedata对象中。本例子中，我们创建端为application/x-icon-and-text类型的新mime数据。
注：
dragenterevent这是一个拖拽事件的函数，我们把文件拖拽进程序界面打开，之前必须setacceptdrops(true)了以后拖拽，但是只设置acceptdrops还不够，还需要在dragenterevent事件中对拖入的对象进行筛选，判断mimedata的类型是否是你能处理的，如果是，则调用event.acceptproposedaction()放行。拖放结束后会产生dropevent事件，在那里进行最后的放置操作。总之这是拖拽事件函数的一个筛选事件并放置的函数。
第一部分：
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from pyqt5.qtcore import (qbytearray, qdatastream, qiodevice, qmimedata,
qpoint, qsize, qt)
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (qapplication, qdialog,qgridlayout,
qlineedit, qlistwidget,qlistwidgetitem, qwidget)
from pyqt5.qtgui import qicon,qcolor,qpainter,qfontmetricsf,qdrag
class droplineedit(qlineedit):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(droplineedit, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
text = ""
#stream >> text
text=stream.readqstring()
self.settext(text)
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
class dndlistwidget(qlistwidget):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(dndlistwidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
self.setdragenabled(true)
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.setdropaction(qt.moveaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
text = ""
icon = qicon()
#stream >> text >> icon
text=stream.readqstring()
stream >> icon
item = qlistwidgetitem(text, self)
item.seticon(icon)
event.setdropaction(qt.moveaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def startdrag(self, dropactions):
item = self.currentitem()
icon = item.icon()
data = qbytearray()
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
#stream << item.text() << icon
stream.writeqstring(item.text())
stream << icon
mimedata = qmimedata()
mimedata.setdata("application/x-icon-and-text", data)
drag = qdrag(self)
drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
pixmap = icon.pixmap(24, 24)
drag.sethotspot(qpoint(12, 12))
drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
if drag.exec(qt.moveaction) == qt.moveaction:
self.takeitem(self.row(item))
class dndwidget(qwidget):
def __init__(self, text, icon=qicon(), parent=none):
super(dndwidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
self.text = text
self.icon = icon
def minimumsizehint(self):
fm = qfontmetricsf(self.font())
if self.icon.isnull():
return qsize(fm.width(self.text), fm.height() * 1.5)
return qsize(34 + fm.width(self.text), max(34, fm.height() * 1.5))
def paintevent(self, event):
height = qfontmetricsf(self.font()).height()
painter = qpainter(self)
painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.antialiasing)
painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.textantialiasing)
painter.fillrect(self.rect(), qcolor(qt.yellow).lighter())
if self.icon.isnull():
painter.drawtext(10, height, self.text)
else:
pixmap = self.icon.pixmap(24, 24)
painter.drawpixmap(0, 5, pixmap)
painter.drawtext(34, height,
self.text + " (drag to or from me!)")
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
self.text = ""
self.icon = qicon()
#stream >> self.text >> self.icon
self.text=stream.readqstring()
stream>>self.icon
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
self.updategeometry()
self.update()
else:
event.ignore()
def mousemoveevent(self, event):
self.startdrag()
qwidget.mousemoveevent(self, event)
def startdrag(self):
icon = self.icon
if icon.isnull():
return
data = qbytearray()
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
#stream << self.text << icon
stream.writeqstring(self.text)
stream<<icon
mimedata = qmimedata()
mimedata.setdata("application/x-icon-and-text", data)
drag = qdrag(self)
drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
pixmap = icon.pixmap(24, 24)
drag.sethotspot(qpoint(12, 12))
drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
drag.exec(qt.copyaction)
class form(qdialog):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(form, self).__init__(parent)
dndlistwidget = dndlistwidget()
path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
for image in sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(path, "images"))):
if image.endswith(".png"):
item = qlistwidgetitem(image.split(".")[0].capitalize())
item.seticon(qicon(os.path.join(path,
"images/{0}".format(image))))
dndlistwidget.additem(item)
dndiconlistwidget = dndlistwidget()
dndiconlistwidget.setviewmode(qlistwidget.iconmode)
dndwidget = dndwidget("drag to me!")
droplineedit = droplineedit()
layout = qgridlayout()
layout.addwidget(dndlistwidget, 0, 0)
layout.addwidget(dndiconlistwidget, 0, 1)
layout.addwidget(dndwidget, 1, 0)
layout.addwidget(droplineedit, 1, 1)
self.setlayout(layout)
self.setwindowtitle("custom drag and drop")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
form = form()
form.show()
app.exec_()
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运行结果：
第二部分：
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
from pyqt5.qtcore import (qbytearray, qdatastream, qiodevice, qmimedata,
qpoint, qsize, qt)
from pyqt5.qtwidgets import (qapplication, qdialog,qgridlayout,
qlineedit, qlistwidget,qlistwidgetitem, qwidget,qmenu)
from pyqt5.qtgui import qicon,qcolor,qpainter,qfontmetricsf,qdrag,qcursor
class droplineedit(qlineedit):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(droplineedit, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
text = ""
text=stream.readqstring()
self.settext(text)
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
class dndmenulistwidget(qlistwidget):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(dndmenulistwidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
self.setdragenabled(true)
self.dropaction = qt.copyaction
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.setdropaction(qt.moveaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
text = ""
icon = qicon()
text=stream.readqstring()
stream>>icon
menu = qmenu(self)
menu.addaction("©", self.setcopyaction)
menu.addaction("&move", self.setmoveaction)
if menu.exec_(qcursor.pos()):
item = qlistwidgetitem(text, self)
item.seticon(icon)
event.setdropaction(self.dropaction)
event.accept()
return
else:
event.setdropaction(qt.ignoreaction)
event.ignore()
def setcopyaction(self):
self.dropaction = qt.copyaction
def setmoveaction(self):
self.dropaction = qt.moveaction
def startdrag(self, dropactions):
item = self.currentitem()
icon = item.icon()
data = qbytearray()
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
stream.writeqstring(item.text())
stream<<icon
mimedata = qmimedata()
mimedata.setdata("application/x-icon-and-text", data)
drag = qdrag(self)
drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
pixmap = icon.pixmap(24, 24)
drag.sethotspot(qpoint(12, 12))
drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
if (drag.exec(qt.moveaction|qt.copyaction) == qt.moveaction):
self.takeitem(self.row(item))
class dndctrllistwidget(qlistwidget):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(dndctrllistwidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
self.setdragenabled(true)
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
action = qt.moveaction
if event.keyboardmodifiers() & qt.controlmodifier:
action = qt.copyaction
event.setdropaction(action)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
text = ""
icon = qicon()
text=stream.readqstring()
stream>>icon
item = qlistwidgetitem(text, self)
item.seticon(icon)
action = qt.moveaction
if event.keyboardmodifiers() & qt.controlmodifier:
action = qt.copyaction
event.setdropaction(action)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def startdrag(self, dropactions):
item = self.currentitem()
icon = item.icon()
data = qbytearray()
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
stream.writeqstring(item.text())
stream<<icon
mimedata = qmimedata()
mimedata.setdata("application/x-icon-and-text", data)
drag = qdrag(self)
drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
pixmap = icon.pixmap(24, 24)
drag.sethotspot(qpoint(12, 12))
drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
if (drag.exec(qt.moveaction|qt.copyaction) == qt.moveaction):
self.takeitem(self.row(item))
class dndwidget(qwidget):
def __init__(self, text, icon=qicon(), parent=none):
super(dndwidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.setacceptdrops(true)
self.text = text
self.icon = icon
def minimumsizehint(self):
fm = qfontmetricsf(self.font())
if self.icon.isnull():
return qsize(fm.width(self.text), fm.height() * 1.5)
return qsize(34 + fm.width(self.text), max(34, fm.height() * 1.5))
def paintevent(self, event):
height = qfontmetricsf(self.font()).height()
painter = qpainter(self)
painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.antialiasing)
painter.setrenderhint(qpainter.textantialiasing)
painter.fillrect(self.rect(), qcolor(qt.yellow).lighter())
if self.icon.isnull():
painter.drawtext(10, height, self.text)
else:
pixmap = self.icon.pixmap(24, 24)
painter.drawpixmap(0, 5, pixmap)
painter.drawtext(34, height,
self.text + " (drag to or from me!)")
def dragenterevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dragmoveevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
def dropevent(self, event):
if event.mimedata().hasformat("application/x-icon-and-text"):
data = event.mimedata().data("application/x-icon-and-text")
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.readonly)
self.text = ""
self.icon = qicon()
self.text=stream.readqstring()
stream>>self.icon
event.setdropaction(qt.copyaction)
event.accept()
self.updategeometry()
self.update()
else:
event.ignore()
def mousemoveevent(self, event):
self.startdrag()
qwidget.mousemoveevent(self, event)
def startdrag(self):
icon = self.icon
if icon.isnull():
return
data = qbytearray()
stream = qdatastream(data, qiodevice.writeonly)
stream.writeqstring(self.text)
stream<<icon
mimedata = qmimedata()
mimedata.setdata("application/x-icon-and-text", data)
drag = qdrag(self)
drag.setmimedata(mimedata)
pixmap = icon.pixmap(24, 24)
drag.sethotspot(qpoint(12, 12))
drag.setpixmap(pixmap)
drag.exec(qt.copyaction)
class form(qdialog):
def __init__(self, parent=none):
super(form, self).__init__(parent)
dndlistwidget = dndmenulistwidget()
path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
for image in sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(path, "images"))):
if image.endswith(".png"):
item = qlistwidgetitem(image.split(".")[0].capitalize())
item.seticon(qicon(os.path.join(path,
"images/{0}".format(image))))
dndlistwidget.additem(item)
dndiconlistwidget = dndctrllistwidget()
dndiconlistwidget.setviewmode(qlistwidget.iconmode)
dndwidget = dndwidget("drag to me!")
droplineedit = droplineedit()
layout = qgridlayout()
layout.addwidget(dndlistwidget, 0, 0)
layout.addwidget(dndiconlistwidget, 0, 1)
layout.addwidget(dndwidget, 1, 0)
layout.addwidget(droplineedit, 1, 1)
self.setlayout(layout)
self.setwindowtitle("custom drag and drop")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = qapplication(sys.argv)
form = form()
form.show()
app.exec_()
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运行结果：
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoyangyang20/article/details/54728947