下面是模拟实现字符串的相关功能,它包括一下功能:
String(const char * s);//利用字符串来初始化对象
String(); //默认构造函数
String(const String & s);//复制构造函数,利用String类型来初始化对象
~String(); //析构函数
int length(); //返回String类型中字符串的长度
String & operator=(const String & s);//重载=运算符。
String & operator=(const char *);
char & operator[](int i); //重载【】运算符
const char & operator[](int i) const;
friend bool operator<(const String & st,const String & st2);//重载<运算符,用来比较String类型中字符串的大小。
friend bool operator>(const String & st,const String & st2);
friend bool operator==(const String & st,const String & st2);//重载==运算符,判断两个String对象是否相等
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & os,const String & st2);//重载输出函数
friend istream & operator>>(istream & is,String & st2);//重载输入函数
static int HowMang()//返回总共生成的String类对象的数目。
String.h:
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#ifndef STRING_H_INCLUDED
#define STRING_H_INCLUDED
#include"iostream"
#include<string.h>
using std::ostream;
using std::istream;
class String{
private :
char * str;
int len;
public :
static int num_strings;
static const int CINLM=80;
String( const char * s);
String();
String( const String & s);
~String();
int length();
String & operator=( const String & s);
String & operator=( const char *);
char & operator[]( int i);
const char & operator[]( int i) const ;
friend bool operator<( const String & st, const String & st2);
friend bool operator>( const String & st, const String & st2);
friend bool operator==( const String & st, const String & st2);
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream & os, const String & st2);
friend istream & operator>>(istream & is,String & st2);
static int HowMang()
{
return num_strings;
}
};
#endif // STRING_H_INCLUDED
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String.cpp:
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#include<iostream>
#include"String.h"
#include"string.h"
using namespace std;
int String::num_strings=0;
int String::length()
{
return this ->len;
}
String::String( const char * s)
{
len= strlen (s);
str= new char [len+1];
num_strings++;
}
String::String()
{
str=0;
len=0;
num_strings++;
}
String::String( const String & s)
{
num_strings++;
len= strlen (s.str);
str= new char [len+1];
strcpy (str,s.str);
}
String::~String()
{
--num_strings;
delete [] str;
len=0;
}
String & String::operator=( const String & s)
{
if ( this ==&s)
return * this ;
delete [] str;
len= strlen (s.str);
str= new char [len+1];
strcpy (str,s.str);
// num_strings++;
}
String & String::operator=( const char * s)
{
len= strlen (s);
str= new char [len+1];
strcpy (str,s);
// num_strings++;
}
char & String::operator[]( int i)
{
return str[i];
}
const char & String::operator[]( int i) const
{
return str[i];
}
bool operator<( const String & st, const String & st2)
{
if ( strcmp (st.str,st2.str)<0)
return true ;
else
return false ;
}
bool operator>( const String & st, const String & st2)
{
return (st<st2)== false ;
}
bool operator==( const String & st, const String & st2)
{
if ( strcmp (st.str,st2.str)>0)
return true ;
else
return false ;
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream & os, const String & st2)
{
os<<st2.str;
return os;
}
istream & operator>>(istream & is,String & st2)
{
char temp[String::CINLM];
is.get(temp,String::CINLM);
if (is)
st2=temp;
while (is&&is.get()!= '\n' )
continue ;
return is;
}
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main.cpp:
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#include <iostream>
#include"String.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
String name[5];
char temp[10];
int i;
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
cin.get(temp,10);
while (cin&&cin.get()!= '\n' )
continue ;
if (!cin&&temp[0]== '\0' ) //如果是空串的话,cin会为false
break ;
else
name[i]=temp;
}
int total=i;
int firs=0,shor=0;
if (total<0)
{
cout<< "没有输入" <<endl;
} else {
for (i=0;i<total;i++)
{
cout<<name[i][0]<< ":" <<name[i]<<endl;
}
for (i=0;i<total;i++)
{
if (name[i]<name[firs])
firs=i;
if (name[i].length()<name[shor].length())
shor=name[i].length();
}
}
cout<< "最短的字符串为:" <<name[shor]<<endl;
cout<< "最前面的字符串为:" <<name[firs]<<endl;
return 0;
}
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以上这篇自己模拟写C++中的String类型实例讲解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。