配置LANMP环境（7）-- 配置nginx反向代理，与配置apache虚拟主机

一、配置nginx反向代理

1.修改配置文件

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
在35行http下添加一下内容：
include /data/nginx/vhosts/*.conf;
include /etc/nginx/upstream.conf;

2.在/etc/nginx/目录下新建 upstream.conf文件

cd /etc/nginx/

vim upstream.conf
upstream dev.one.com {
server 127.0.0.1(换成虚拟机ip): weight= max_fails= fail_timeout=10s;
ip_hash;
}

upstream dev.two.com {
server 127.0.0.1(换成虚拟机ip): weight= max_fails= fail_timeout=10s;
ip_hash;
}

3.在/etc/nginx/目录下新建 proxy.conf

vim proxy.conf

写入以下内容：
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;

proxy_max_temp_file_size ;
proxy_connect_timeout      ;
proxy_send_timeout         ;
proxy_read_timeout         ;
proxy_buffer_size          4k;
proxy_buffers               32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size    64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;

4.在/data/nginx/vhosts/目录下新建test.conf配置文件

mkdir -p /data/nginx/vhosts

　mkdir -p /data/nginx/logs

　cd /data/nginx/vhosts

vim test.conf

　写入以下内容：

　　

server {

listen       80;

server_name  dev.one.com;

charset UTF-8;

access_log  /data/nginx/logs/one.access.log  combined;

location /{

proxy_pass http://dev.one.com;

#Header

include "/etc/nginx/proxy.conf";

}

error_page  404              /error.html;

location = /error.html {

root   /usr/share/nginx/html;

}

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root   html;

}

}

server {

listen       80;

server_name  dev.two.com;

charset UTF-8;

access_log  /data/nginx/logs/two.access.log  combined;

location /{

proxy_pass http://dev.two.com;

#Header

include "/etc/nginx/proxy.conf";

}

error_page  404              /error.html;

location = /error.html {

root   /usr/share/nginx/html;

}

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root   html;

}

}

二、配置apache虚拟主机

1.载入虚拟主机配置文件

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
在文件最低下添加以下内容：
include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

2.在/etc/httpd/conf/ 目录下新建extra目录，并在extra目录下新建httpd-vhosts.conf配置文件

cd /etc/httpd/conf/

mkdir extra

cd /etc/httpd/conf/extra

vim httpd-vhosts.conf

添加以下内容：

<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1(换成虚拟机ip):8080>

ServerAdmin "[e-mail]"

DocumentRoot "/data/www/one"

ServerName dev.one.com

ErrorLog "/data/httpd/logs/one.net-error.log"

CustomLog "/data/httpd/logs/one.net-access.log" common

<Directory "/">

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride All

Order Deny,Allow

Require all granted

</Directory>

<Directory ".git">

Deny from All

Require all denied

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 127.0.0.1(换成虚拟机ip):8080>

ServerAdmin "[e-mail]"

DocumentRoot "/data/www/two"

ServerName dev.two.com

ErrorLog "/data/httpd/logs/two.net-error.log"

CustomLog "/data/httpd/logs/two.net-access.log" common

<Directory "/">

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride All

Order Deny,Allow

Require all granted

</Directory>

<Directory ".git">

Deny from All

Require all denied

</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

2.在/data/httpd/下面创建logs文件夹

mkdir -p /data/httpd/logs

3.创建与配置好之后重启httpd与nginx

systemctl restart httpd

systemctl restart nginx

4.配置window的ip解析，打开C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc下面的hosts文件添加下面三行。

127.0.0.1(换成虚拟机ip) dev.one.com
127.0.0.1(换成虚拟机ip) dev.two.com

5.添加项目目录与测试文件

mkdir -p /data/www/one

mkdir -p /data/www/two

cd /data/www/one
vim index.php

输入以下虚线前的内容：
<?php
echo "one";
phpinfo();
-------------------------------------------------

cd /data/www/test2
vim index.php

输入以下虚线前的内容：
<?php
echo "two";
phpinfo();

-------------------------------------------------

三、检查配置成功与否

全部配置好之后重启nginx和apache，如果重启失败可以用命令status nginx【httpd】，或者journalctl  -xe查看那里出现问题。

常见启动失败的原因：

1.   logs目录或者其他关键目录没有创建。

2.   防火墙禁用了8080端口

如果一切顺利，全部配置成功则：在浏览器访问dev.one.com会出现对应/data/www/one/index.php文件内容的页面。

四、有可能会因为权限问题而不能访问到apache虚拟主机目录

请参考配置文件的配置

#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log'
# with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the
# server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be
# interpreted as '/log/access_log'.

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:
Listen 

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. [e-mail]
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
 ServerName 127.0.0.1

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
     AllowOverride all
     Require all granted
</Directory>
#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/data/www"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/data/www">
    AllowOverride All
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/data/www">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride all

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all granted
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

<IfModule mime_magic_module>
    #
    # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
    # contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
    # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
    #
    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.

IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
include /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf