Android编程获取地理位置的经度和纬度实例

时间:2021-10-23 07:31:13

本文实例讲述了android编程获取地理位置的经度和纬度。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

在android应用程序中,可以使用locationmanager来获取移动设备所在的地理位置信息。看如下实例:新建android应用程序testlocation。

1、activity_main.xml布局文件

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<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  >
  <textview
    android:id="@+id/positionview"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    />
</linearlayout>

用于显示获取到的位置信息。

2、mainactivity.java

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package com.example.testlocation;
import java.util.list;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.context;
import android.location.location;
import android.location.locationlistener;
import android.location.locationmanager;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.menu;
import android.widget.textview;
import android.widget.toast;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
  private textview postionview;
  private locationmanager locationmanager;
  private string locationprovider;
  @override
  protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
    //获取显示地理位置信息的textview
    postionview = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.positionview);
    //获取地理位置管理器
    locationmanager = (locationmanager) getsystemservice(context.location_service);
    //获取所有可用的位置提供器
    list<string> providers = locationmanager.getproviders(true);
    if(providers.contains(locationmanager.gps_provider)){
      //如果是gps
      locationprovider = locationmanager.gps_provider;
    }else if(providers.contains(locationmanager.network_provider)){
      //如果是network
      locationprovider = locationmanager.network_provider;
    }else{
      toast.maketext(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", toast.length_short).show();
      return ;
    }
    //获取location
    location location = locationmanager.getlastknownlocation(locationprovider);
    if(location!=null){
      //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
      showlocation(location);
    }
    //监视地理位置变化
    locationmanager.requestlocationupdates(locationprovider, 3000, 1, locationlistener);
  }
  /**
   * 显示地理位置经度和纬度信息
   * @param location
   */
  private void showlocation(location location){
    string locationstr = "维度:" + location.getlatitude() +"\n"
        + "经度:" + location.getlongitude();
    postionview.settext(locationstr);
  }
  /**
   * locationlistern监听器
   * 参数:地理位置提供器、监听位置变化的时间间隔、位置变化的距离间隔、locationlistener监听器
   */
  locationlistener locationlistener = new locationlistener() {
    @override
    public void onstatuschanged(string provider, int status, bundle arg2) {
    }
    @override
    public void onproviderenabled(string provider) {
    }
    @override
    public void onproviderdisabled(string provider) {
    }
    @override
    public void onlocationchanged(location location) {
      //如果位置发生变化,重新显示
      showlocation(location);
    }
  };
  @override
  protected void ondestroy() {
    super.ondestroy();
    if(locationmanager!=null){
      //移除监听器
      locationmanager.removeupdates(locationlistener);
    }
  }
  @override
  public boolean oncreateoptionsmenu(menu menu) {
    // inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
    getmenuinflater().inflate(r.menu.main, menu);
    return true;
  }
}

从上面可以看出,获取地理位置信息主要分如下步骤:

(1)获取locationmanager实例,通过getsystemservice方法,传入context.location_service参数。
(2)获取可用的位置提供器,有gps_provider、network_provider、passive_provider三种,前两种比较常用。
(3)将(2)获取到的位置提供器传入locationmanager的方法getlastknownlocation,即可获取location信息。
如果移动设备地理位置不断发生变化,则实时更新需要进行如下步骤:
(4)调用locationmanager的requestlocationupdates方法,第一个参数是位置提供器,第二个参数是监听位置变化的时间间隔(毫秒),第三个参数是监听位置变化的距离间隔(米),第四个参数是locationlistener监听器
(5)当位置发生变化后,就会调用监听器的onlocationchanged方法。
(6)为了省电,节约资源,当程序关闭后,调用locationmanager的removeupdates方法移除监听器。

3、获取权限

修改androidmanifest.xml,添加如下代码:

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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_fine_location"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_coarse_location" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_coarse_location"/>

4、效果

使用模拟器进行测试:点击send

Android编程获取地理位置的经度和纬度实例

Android编程获取地理位置的经度和纬度实例

可以使用geocoding api查找具体对应的位置。如下:

(1)修改mainactivity.java

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package com.example.testlocation;
import java.util.list;
import org.apache.http.httpentity;
import org.apache.http.httpresponse;
import org.apache.http.client.httpclient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.httpget;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.defaulthttpclient;
import org.apache.http.util.entityutils;
import org.json.jsonarray;
import org.json.jsonobject;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.context;
import android.location.location;
import android.location.locationlistener;
import android.location.locationmanager;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.os.handler;
import android.os.message;
import android.view.menu;
import android.widget.textview;
import android.widget.toast;
public class mainactivity extends activity {
  private textview postionview;
  private locationmanager locationmanager;
  private string locationprovider;
  public static final int show_location = 0;
  @override
  protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
    super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
    //获取显示地理位置信息的textview
    postionview = (textview) findviewbyid(r.id.positionview);
    //获取地理位置管理器
    locationmanager = (locationmanager) getsystemservice(context.location_service);
    //获取所有可用的位置提供器
    list<string> providers = locationmanager.getproviders(true);
    if(providers.contains(locationmanager.gps_provider)){
      //如果是gps
      locationprovider = locationmanager.gps_provider;
    }else if(providers.contains(locationmanager.network_provider)){
      //如果是network
      locationprovider = locationmanager.network_provider;
    }else{
      toast.maketext(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", toast.length_short).show();
      return ;
    }
    //获取location
    location location = locationmanager.getlastknownlocation(locationprovider);
    if(location!=null){
      //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
      showlocation(location);
    }else{
      toast.maketext(this, "location为空", toast.length_short).show();
    }
    //监视地理位置变化
    locationmanager.requestlocationupdates(locationprovider, 3000, 1, locationlistener);
  }
  private handler handler = new handler(){
    public void handlemessage(message msg){
      switch(msg.what){
      case show_location:
        string position = (string) msg.obj;
        postionview.settext(position);
        break;
      default:
        break;
      }
    }
  };
  /**
   * 显示地理位置经度和纬度信息
   * @param location
   */
  private void showlocation(final location location){
    /*string locationstr = "维度:" + location.getlatitude() +"\n"
        + "经度:" + location.getlongitude();
    postionview.settext(locationstr);*/
    new thread(new runnable() {
      @override
      public void run() {
        try{
          //组装反向地理编码的接口位置
          stringbuilder url = new stringbuilder();
          url.append("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=");
          url.append(location.getlatitude()).append(",");
          url.append(location.getlongitude());
          url.append("&sensor=false");
          httpclient client = new defaulthttpclient();
          httpget httpget = new httpget(url.tostring());
          httpget.addheader("accept-language","zh-cn");
          httpresponse response = client.execute(httpget);
          if(response.getstatusline().getstatuscode() == 200){
            httpentity entity = response.getentity();
            string res = entityutils.tostring(entity);
            //解析
            jsonobject jsonobject = new jsonobject(res);
            //获取results节点下的位置信息
            jsonarray resultarray = jsonobject.getjsonarray("results");
            if(resultarray.length() > 0){
              jsonobject obj = resultarray.getjsonobject(0);
              //取出格式化后的位置数据
              string address = obj.getstring("formatted_address");
              message msg = new message();
              msg.what = show_location;
              msg.obj = address;
              handler.sendmessage(msg);
            }
          }
        }catch(exception e){
          e.printstacktrace();
        }
      }
    }).start();
  }
  /**
   * locationlistern监听器
   * 参数:地理位置提供器、监听位置变化的时间间隔、位置变化的距离间隔、locationlistener监听器
   */
  locationlistener locationlistener = new locationlistener() {
    @override
    public void onstatuschanged(string provider, int status, bundle arg2) {
    }
    @override
    public void onproviderenabled(string provider) {
    }
    @override
    public void onproviderdisabled(string provider) {
    }
    @override
    public void onlocationchanged(location location) {
      //如果位置发生变化,重新显示
      showlocation(location);
    }
  };
  @override
  protected void ondestroy() {
    super.ondestroy();
    if(locationmanager!=null){
      //移除监听器
      locationmanager.removeupdates(locationlistener);
    }
  }
  @override
  public boolean oncreateoptionsmenu(menu menu) {
    // inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
    getmenuinflater().inflate(r.menu.main, menu);
    return true;
  }
}

(2)修改androidmanifest.xml

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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_fine_location"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_coarse_location" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.access_coarse_location"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.internet"/>

希望本文所述对大家android程序设计有所帮助。