前面几篇文章分别讨论了activity和service,本文就来讨论broastcastreceiver,broastcast是应用程序间通信的手段。broastcastreceiver也是跟intent紧密相连的,动态/静态注册了broastcastreceiver之后,使用sendbroadcast把intent发送之后,系统会自动把符合条件的broastcastreceiver启动,这和嵌入式系统的中断类似。
本文所示实例代码主要演示了如何静态/动态注册broastcastreceiver,向系统索取电量信息,以及枚举信息的字段等功能和。
程序运行截图如下所示:
上图是发送intent至内部动态注册的broadcastreceiver,接收到之后显示消息名称。动态注册broadcastreceiver用到registerreceiver()。
上图是发送intent至内部静态注册的broadcastreceiver,接收到之后显示消息名称。静态注册比动态注册麻烦点,先新建一个类继承broadcastreceiver,然后到androidmanifest.xml 添加
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<receiver android:name= "clsreceiver2" >
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name= "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
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第一个name是类名,第二个是action的名称。
上图是枚举intent消息的字段,这个功能比较适合懒人,把收到的intent消息的字段全部分解了,再看看哪个需要的,懒得记住。实现这部分的代码如下:
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//当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举
bundle b=intent.getextras();
object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray();
for ( int i= 0 ;i<lstname.length;i++)
{
string keyname=lstname[i].tostring();
log.e(keyname,string.valueof(b.get(keyname)));
}
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main.xml的代码如下:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation= "vertical" android:layout_width= "fill_parent"
android:layout_height= "fill_parent" >
<button android:id= "@+id/button01" android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "发送至内部动态注册的broadcastreceiver" ></button>
<button android:id= "@+id/button02" android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "发送至内部静态注册broadcastreceiver" ></button>
<button android:id= "@+id/button03" android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "发送至系统broadcastreceiver" ></button>
</linearlayout>
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testbroadcastreceiver.java的代码如下:
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package com.testbroadcastreceiver;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.broadcastreceiver;
import android.content.context;
import android.content.intent;
import android.content.intentfilter;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.util.log;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.button;
import android.widget.toast;
public class testbroadcastreceiver extends activity {
button btninternal1,btninternal2,btnsystem;
static final string intenal_action_1 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_1" ;
static final string intenal_action_2 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2" ;
static final string intenal_action_3 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_3" ;
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.main);
btninternal1=(button) this .findviewbyid(r.id.button01);
btninternal1.setonclicklistener( new clickevent());
btninternal2=(button) this .findviewbyid(r.id.button02);
btninternal2.setonclicklistener( new clickevent());
btnsystem=(button) this .findviewbyid(r.id.button03);
btnsystem.setonclicklistener( new clickevent());
//动态注册广播消息
registerreceiver(bcrintenal1, new intentfilter(intenal_action_1));
}
class clickevent implements view.onclicklistener{
@override
public void onclick(view v) {
if (v==btninternal1) //给动态注册的broadcastreceiver发送数据
{
intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_1);
sendbroadcast(intent);
}
else if (v==btninternal2) //给静态注册的broadcastreceiver发送数据
{
intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_2);
sendbroadcast(intent);
}
else if (v==btnsystem) //动态注册 接收2组信息的broadcastreceiver
{
intentfilter filter = new intentfilter(); //
filter.addaction(intent.action_battery_changed); //系统电量检测信息
filter.addaction(intenal_action_3); //第三组自定义消息
registerreceiver(batinforeceiver, filter);
intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_3);
intent.putextra( "name" , "hellogv" );
intent.putextra( "blog" , "http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv" );
sendbroadcast(intent); //传递过去
}
}
}
/*
* 接收动态注册广播的broadcastreceiver
*/
private broadcastreceiver bcrintenal1 = new broadcastreceiver() {
public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) {
string action = intent.getaction();
toast.maketext(context, "动态:" +action, 1000 ).show();
}
};
private broadcastreceiver batinforeceiver = new broadcastreceiver() {
public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) {
string action = intent.getaction();
//如果捕捉到的action是action_battery_changed
if (intent.action_battery_changed.equals(action)) {
//当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举
bundle b=intent.getextras();
object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray();
for ( int i= 0 ;i<lstname.length;i++)
{
string keyname=lstname[i].tostring();
log.e(keyname,string.valueof(b.get(keyname)));
}
}
//如果捕捉到的action是intenal_action_3
if (intenal_action_3.equals(action)) {
//当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举
bundle b=intent.getextras();
object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray();
for ( int i= 0 ;i<lstname.length;i++)
{
string keyname=lstname[i].tostring();
log.e(keyname,b.getstring(keyname));
}
}
}
};
}
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clsreceiver2.java的代码如下:
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package com.testbroadcastreceiver;
import android.content.broadcastreceiver;
import android.content.context;
import android.content.intent;
import android.widget.toast;
/*
* 接收静态注册广播的broadcastreceiver,
* step1:要到androidmanifest.xml这里注册消息
* <receiver android:name="clsreceiver2">
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name="com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
step2:定义消息的字符串
step3:通过intent传递消息来驱使broadcastreceiver触发
*/
public class clsreceiver2 extends broadcastreceiver{
@override
public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) {
string action = intent.getaction();
toast.maketext(context, "静态:" +action, 1000 ).show();
}
}
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感兴趣的朋友可以调试运行该实例,希望能够对大家的android项目开发起到一点帮助作用。