LeetCode 202:Happy Number

时间:2025-04-08 08:35:43

Write an algorithm to determine if a number is "happy".

A happy number is a number defined by the following process: Starting with any positive integer, replace the number by the sum of the squares of its digits, and repeat the process until the number equals 1 (where it will stay), or it loops endlessly in a cycle which does not include 1. Those numbers for which this process ends in 1 are happy numbers.

Example: 19 is a happy number

  • 12 + 92 = 82
  • 82 + 22 = 68
  • 62 + 82 = 100
  • 12 + 02 + 02 = 1
分析:
首先我们需要计算数字N每一位平方和,这个比较简单,代码如下:
 int countN(int n){
        int tmp = n;
        int sum = 0;
        while (tmp > 0) {
            int result = tmp % 10;
            sum += result * result;
            tmp = tmp /10;
        }
        return sum;
    }

然后就是函数的主体部分,需要注意的是,可能会出现循环的情况,如 :
2 、4、16、37、58、89、145、42、20、4、16、37。。。
所以我们需要用一集合将所有出现过的n和countN都记录下来,这样再次出现时能够及时的停止程序的执行避免出现死循环。Map是一个比较好的选择,因为查找元素的复杂度为O(1)。
主体部分代码如下:
    bool isHappy(int n){
        map<int, int> int_map;
        if (n==1) {
            return true;
        }
        int sum = 0;
        while (n != 1) {
            int_map.insert(pair<int , int>(n, n));
            sum = countN(n);
            if (sum ==1) {
                return true;
            }
            if(int_map.count(sum))
                return false;
            n = sum;
        }
        return true;
    }