抽屉效果的导航菜单
看了很多应用,觉得这种侧滑的抽屉效果的菜单很好。
不用切换到另一个页面,也不用去按菜单的硬件按钮,直接在界面上一个按钮点击,菜单就滑出来,而且感觉能放很多东西。
库的引用:
首先, drawerlayout这个类是在support library里的,需要加上android-support-v4.jar这个包。
然后程序中用时在前面导入import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;
如果找不到这个类,首先用sdk manager更新一下android support library,然后在android sdk\extras\android\support\v4路径下找到android-support-v4.jar,复制到项目的libs路径,将其add to build path.
代码1
布局:
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<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
<android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout
xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id= "@+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
<!-- the main content view -->
<!-- main content must be the first element of drawerlayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it -->
<framelayout
android:id= "@+id/content_frame"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" />
<!-- the navigation drawer -->
<listview
android:id= "@+id/left_drawer"
android:layout_width= "240dp"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:layout_gravity= "left"
android:background= "#111"
android:choicemode= "singlechoice"
android:divider= "@android:color/transparent"
android:dividerheight= "0dp" />
</android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>
</relativelayout>
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drawerlayout的第一个子元素是主要内容,即抽屉没有打开时显示的布局。这里采用了一个framelayout,里面什么也没放。
drawerlayout的第二个子元素是抽屉中的内容,即抽屉布局,这里采用了一个listview。
主要的activity(从官方实例中扒出来的):
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package com.example.hellodrawer;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.app.activity;
import android.content.res.configuration;
import android.view.menuitem;
import android.view.view;
import android.widget.adapterview;
import android.widget.adapterview.onitemclicklistener;
import android.widget.arrayadapter;
import android.widget.listview;
import android.support.v4.app.actionbardrawertoggle;
import android.support.v4.view.gravitycompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;
public class hellodraweractivity extends activity
{
private string[] mplanettitles;
private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout;
private actionbardrawertoggle mdrawertoggle;
private listview mdrawerlist;
@override
public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
{
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.activity_hello_drawer);
mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.drawer_layout);
// init the listview and adapter, nothing new
initlistview();
// set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer
// opens
mdrawerlayout.setdrawershadow(r.drawable.drawer_shadow,
gravitycompat.start);
mdrawertoggle = new actionbardrawertoggle(this, mdrawerlayout,
r.drawable.ic_drawer, r.string.drawer_open,
r.string.drawer_close)
{
/** called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
public void ondrawerclosed(view view)
{
invalidateoptionsmenu(); // creates call to
// onprepareoptionsmenu()
}
/** called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
public void ondraweropened(view drawerview)
{
invalidateoptionsmenu(); // creates call to
// onprepareoptionsmenu()
}
};
// set the drawer toggle as the drawerlistener
mdrawerlayout.setdrawerlistener(mdrawertoggle);
// enable actionbar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawer
getactionbar().setdisplayhomeasupenabled(true);
// getactionbar().sethomebuttonenabled(true);
// note: getactionbar() added in api level 11
}
private void initlistview()
{
mdrawerlist = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.left_drawer);
mplanettitles = getresources().getstringarray(r. array .planets_array);
// set the adapter for the list view
mdrawerlist.setadapter( new arrayadapter<string>(this,
r.layout.list_item, mplanettitles));
// set the list's click listener
mdrawerlist.setonitemclicklistener( new onitemclicklistener()
{
@override
public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> parent, view view,
int position, long id)
{
// highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the
// drawer
mdrawerlist.setitemchecked(position, true);
settitle(mplanettitles[position]);
mdrawerlayout.closedrawer(mdrawerlist);
}
});
}
@override
protected void onpostcreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
{
super.onpostcreate(savedinstancestate);
// sync the toggle state after onrestoreinstancestate has occurred.
mdrawertoggle.syncstate();
}
@override
public void onconfigurationchanged(configuration newconfig)
{
super.onconfigurationchanged(newconfig);
mdrawertoggle.onconfigurationchanged(newconfig);
}
@override
public boolean onoptionsitemselected(menuitem item)
{
// pass the event to actionbardrawertoggle, if it returns
// true, then it has handled the app icon touch event
if (mdrawertoggle.onoptionsitemselected(item))
{
return true;
}
// handle your other action bar items...
return super.onoptionsitemselected(item);
}
}
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比较纠结的是用了level 11的一个api,这样minsdkversion就有限制,不能太低。
图片资源android官网示例处提供下载了。
程序运行后效果如下:
抽屉打开前:
抽屉打开后:
代码2
今天又看了一下drawerlayout的类,发现有很多方法可以直接用的。
重新试了一下,其实不用上面那么麻烦,随便自己定义一个按钮控制抽屉的打开就行:
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<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:paddingbottom= "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingleft= "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingright= "@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingtop= "@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context= ".draweractivity" >
<android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout
android:id= "@+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
<!-- the main content view -->
<framelayout
android:id= "@+id/content_frame"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
<button
android:id= "@+id/btn"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "open"
/>
</framelayout>
<!-- the navigation drawer -->
<listview
android:id= "@+id/left_drawer"
android:layout_width= "240dp"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:layout_gravity= "start"
android:background= "#111"
android:choicemode= "singlechoice"
android:divider= "@android:color/transparent"
android:dividerheight= "0dp" />
</android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>
</relativelayout>
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主要代码:
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package com.example.hellodrawer;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.app.activity;
import android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout;
import android.view.gravity;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.view.onclicklistener;
import android.widget.button;
public class draweractivity extends activity
{
private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout = null;
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate)
{
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.activity_drawer);
mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.drawer_layout);
button button = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.btn);
button.setonclicklistener( new onclicklistener()
{
@override
public void onclick(view v)
{
// 按钮按下,将抽屉打开
mdrawerlayout.opendrawer(gravity.left);
}
});
}
}
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使用toolbar + drawerlayout快速实现高大上菜单侧滑
如果你有在关注一些遵循最新的material design设计规范的应用的话(如果没有,假设你有!),也许会发现有很多使用了看起来很舒服、很高大上的侧滑菜单动画效果,示例如下(via 参考2):
今天就来使用官方支持库来快速实现这类效果,需要使用到toolbar和drawerlayout,详细步骤如下:(如果你还不知道这两个widget,先自己google吧~)
首先需要添加appcompat-v7支持:
如果是在android studio 1.0 rc4上创建的项目,默认已经添加了appcompat-v7支持了,如果不是最新版as则需要在build.gradle中添加如下代码:
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dependencies {
... //其他代码
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.2'
}
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添加完成后需要同步一下gradle
添加toolbar:
由于toolbar是继承自view,所以可以像其他标准控件一样直接主布局文件添加toolbar,但是为了提高toolbar的重用效率,可以在layout创建一个custom_toolbar.xml代码如下:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<android.support.v7.widget.toolbar xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id= "@+id/tl_custom"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:background= "?attr/colorprimary"
android:minheight= "?attr/actionbarsize"
android:popuptheme= "@style/themeoverlay.appcompat.light"
app:theme= "@style/themeoverlay.appcompat.actionbar" >
</android.support.v7.widget.toolbar>
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说明:
android.support.v7.widget.toolbar - 当然如果只在lollipop中可以直接使用toolbar而不需要加上v7支持
xmlns:app - 自定义xml命名控件,在as中可以直接指定res-auto而不需要使用完整包名
android:background 和 android:minheight 均可以在styles.xml中声明
添加drawerlayout:
和toolbar类似,为了提高代码重用效率,可以在layout中创建一个custom_drawerlayout.xml代码如下:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id= "@+id/dl_left"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
<!--主布局-->
<linearlayout
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent" >
<imageview
android:id= "@+id/iv_main"
android:layout_width= "100dp"
android:layout_height= "100dp" />
</linearlayout>
<!--侧滑菜单-->
<linearlayout
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:background= "#fff"
android:layout_gravity= "start" >
<listview
android:id= "@+id/lv_left_menu"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:divider= "@null"
android:text= "drawerlayout" />
</linearlayout>
</android.support.v4.widget.drawerlayout>
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drawerlayout标签中有两个子节点,一个是左边菜单,一个是主布局,另外需要在左边菜单起始位置设置为android:layout_gravity="start"
实现activity_main.xml:
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<linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools= "http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:orientation= "vertical"
tools:context= ".mainactivity" >
<!--toolbar-->
< include layout= "@layout/custom_toolbar" />
<!--drawerlayout-->
< include layout= "@layout/custom_drawerlayout" />
</linearlayout>
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直接使用include标签,简洁明了
完善java代码:
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public class mainactivity extends actionbaractivity {
//声明相关变量
private toolbar toolbar;
private drawerlayout mdrawerlayout;
private actionbardrawertoggle mdrawertoggle;
private listview lvleftmenu;
private string[] lvs = { "list item 01" , "list item 02" , "list item 03" , "list item 04" };
private arrayadapter arrayadapter;
private imageview ivrunningman;
private animationdrawable manimationdrawable;
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super.oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
findviews(); //获取控件
//京东runningman动画效果,和本次toolbar无关
manimationdrawable = (animationdrawable) ivrunningman.getbackground();
manimationdrawable.start();
toolbar.settitle( "toolbar" ); //设置toolbar标题
toolbar.settitletextcolor(color.parsecolor( "#ffffff" )); //设置标题颜色
setsupportactionbar(toolbar);
getsupportactionbar().sethomebuttonenabled(true); //设置返回键可用
getsupportactionbar().setdisplayhomeasupenabled(true);
//创建返回键,并实现打开关/闭监听
mdrawertoggle = new actionbardrawertoggle(this, mdrawerlayout, toolbar, r.string.open, r.string.close) {
@override
public void ondraweropened(view drawerview) {
super.ondraweropened(drawerview);
manimationdrawable.stop();
}
@override
public void ondrawerclosed(view drawerview) {
super.ondrawerclosed(drawerview);
manimationdrawable.start();
}
};
mdrawertoggle.syncstate();
mdrawerlayout.setdrawerlistener(mdrawertoggle);
//设置菜单列表
arrayadapter = new arrayadapter(this, android.r.layout.simple_list_item_1, lvs);
lvleftmenu.setadapter(arrayadapter);
}
private void findviews() {
ivrunningman = (imageview) findviewbyid(r.id.iv_main);
toolbar = (toolbar) findviewbyid(r.id.tl_custom);
mdrawerlayout = (drawerlayout) findviewbyid(r.id.dl_left);
lvleftmenu = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.lv_left_menu);
}
}
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当然比较重要还有styles.xml和colors.xml,具体如下:
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<resources>
<style name= "apptheme" parent= "theme.appcompat.light.noactionbar" >
<!--状态栏颜色-->
<item name= "colorprimarydark" >@color/indigo_colorprimarydark</item>
<!--toolbar颜色-->
<item name= "colorprimary" >@color/indigo_colorprimary</item>
<!--返回键样式-->
<item name= "drawerarrowstyle" >@style/apptheme.drawerarrowtoggle</item>
</style>
<style name= "apptheme.drawerarrowtoggle" parent= "base.widget.appcompat.drawerarrowtoggle" >
<item name= "color" >@android:color/white</item>
</style>
</resources>
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<resources>
<color name= "indigo_colorprimarydark" >#303f9f</color>
<color name= "indigo_colorprimary" >#3f51b5</color>
<color name= "indigo_nav_color" >#4675ff</color>
</resources>
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到此就实现了高大上菜单侧滑,最终效果如下(注:在yosemite上貌似直接record手机屏幕貌似不起作用,而且动画由于帧率原因无法实时,就先这样看吧~)