问题描述
如何给离线麒麟操作系统创建LVM
解决方案：
1.确认麒麟操作系统版本
#nkvers
2.使用fdisk命令查看可用盘
#lsblk
3.使用fdisk命令给磁盘分区
比如新加硬盘为/dev/sdb，那么
#fdisk /dev/sdb
依次按
g
n
回车
回车
回车
p
w
#解释g表示创建GPT分区，n表示创建分区，回车表示使用默认配置，p答应分区表，w将分区表写入磁盘并退出，使用q表示不保存退出。使用m打印菜单。
帮助：
DOS (MBR)
a 开关 可启动 标志
b 编辑嵌套的 BSD 磁盘标签
c 开关 dos 兼容性标志
常规
d 删除分区
F 列出未分区的空闲区
l 列出已知分区类型
n 添加新分区
p 打印分区表
t 更改分区类型
v 检查分区表
i 打印某个分区的相关信息
杂项
m 打印此菜单
u 更改 显示/记录 单位
x 更多功能(仅限专业人员)
脚本
I 从 sfdisk 脚本文件加载磁盘布局
O 将磁盘布局转储为 sfdisk 脚本文件
保存并退出
w 将分区表写入磁盘并退出
q 退出而不保存更改
新建空磁盘标签
g 新建一份 GPT 分区表
G 新建一份空 GPT (IRIX) 分区表
o 新建一份的空 DOS 分区表
s 新建一份空 Sun 分区表
4.创建物理卷
#pvcreate /dev/sdb1
5.创建卷组
#vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb1
6.创建逻辑卷
#lvcreate -l 100%VG -n lv1 vg1
7.格式化
# /dev/vg1/lv1
8.创建目录
#mkdir /data
8.配置 /etc/fstab文件
#vi /etc/fstab
添加一行
/dev/vg1/lv1 /data xfs defaults 0 0
9.挂载
#mount -a
10.检查挂载情况
#lsblk
11.检查目录空间
#df -hT
redhat 官方相关文档有LVM详细介绍
/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/5/html/deployment_guide/ch-lvm
Chapter 11. LVM (Logical Volume Manager)
11.1. What is LVM?
LVM is a tool for logical volume management which includes allocating disks, striping, mirroring and resizing logical volumes.
With LVM, a hard drive or set of hard drives is allocated to one or more physical volumes. LVM physical volumes can be placed on other block devices which might span two or more disks.
The physical volumes are combined into logical volumes, with the exception of the /boot partition. The /boot partition cannot be on a logical volume group because the boot loader cannot read it. If the root (/) partition is on a logical volume, create a separate /boot partition which is not a part of a volume group.
Since a physical volume cannot span over multiple drives, to span over more than one drive, create one or more physical volumes per drive.
Logical Volumes
Figure 11.1. Logical Volumes
The volume groups can be divided into logical volumes, which are assigned mount points, such as /home and / and file system types, such as ext2 or ext3. When “partitions” reach their full capacity, free space from the volume group can be added to the logical volume to increase the size of the partition. When a new hard drive is added to the system, it can be added to the volume group, and partitions that are logical volumes can be increased in size.
Logical Volumes
Figure 11.2. Logical Volumes
On the other hand, if a system is partitioned with the ext3 file system, the hard drive is divided into partitions of defined sizes. If a partition becomes full, it is not easy to expand the size of the partition. Even if the partition is moved to another hard drive, the original hard drive space has to be reallocated as a different partition or not used.
To learn how to configure LVM during the installation process, refer to Section 11.2, “LVM Configuration”.
11.1.1. What is LVM2?
LVM version 2, or LVM2, is the default for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5, which uses the device mapper driver contained in the 2.6 kernel. LVM2 can be upgraded from versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux running the 2.4 kernel.
1.2. LVM Configuration
LVM can be configured during the graphical installation process, the text-based installation process, or during a kickstart installation. You can use the system-config-lvm utility to create your own LVM configuration post-installation. The next two sections focus on using Disk Druid during installation to complete this task. The third section introduces the LVM utility (system-config-lvm) which allows you to manage your LVM volumes in X windows or graphically.
Read Section 11.1, “What is LVM?” first to learn about LVM. An overview of the steps required to configure LVM include:
Creating physical volumes from the hard drives.
Creating volume groups from the physical volumes.
Creating logical volumes from the volume groups and assign the logical volumes mount points.
Two 9.1 GB SCSI drives (/dev/sda and /dev/sdb) are used in the following examples. They detail how to create a simple configuration using a single LVM volume group with associated logical volumes during installation.